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1.
目的 测定蝶窦及蝶鞍区手术解剖数据,为临床应用提供依据。方法 观察30例尸头和35例干燥颅骨标本蝶窦和蝶鞍区的结构,测量自前鼻棘至有关结构的长度、矢状角和侧偏角。结果 自前鼻棘至后床突的长为81.6±7.2mm,矢状角为34.6°±3.4°,偏侧角为5.9°±0.7°;至颈动脉管的长度为67.7±6.2mm,矢状角为32.3°±3.5°,侧偏角为6.8°±0.5°;至前床突的长为75.8±5.3m 相似文献
2.
蝶窦和蝶鞍区的解剖观察及临床意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
①目的观察蝶窦和蝶鞍区的解剖结构,探讨其毗邻关系和临床意义。②方法用30例尸头,35例、75侧干燥颅骨标本,观察蝶窦和蝶鞍区结构,测量并计算自能鼻棘至有关结构的长度和角度。③结果自前鼻棘至后床突的长为81.6±7.2mm,矢状角为34.6°±3.4°,侧偏角为5.9°±0.7°;至颈动脉管的长为67.7±6.2mm,矢状角为32.3°±4.1°,侧偏角为6.8°±0.5°;至视神经管颅口的长为68.9±6.5mm,矢状角为36.6°±6.3°,侧偏角为5.3°±0.4°.④结论蝶窦和双恻蝶窦口间部为蝶窦和蝶鞍区手术的最佳入路。 相似文献
3.
①目的探讨与鼻内窥镜术有关的鼻腔外侧壁结构及其毗邻关系,为临床积累资料。②方法观察了30个尸头和75侧干燥颅骨标本上鼻腔外侧壁结构,测量自前鼻棘至有关结构的长度和矢状角。观测了钩突、筛泡和筛漏斗等结构的形态与数据。③结果自前鼻棘至中鼻甲前端长为36.1±3.4mm,矢状角为69.8°±7.9°;至中鼻甲后端长为51.2±5.2mm,矢状角为19.8°±4.1°;至上颌窦口的长为33.8±4.5mm,矢状角为34.2°±3.7°;至额窦口的长为42.9±8.2mm,矢状角为70.4°±4.4°;至前筛窦口的长为44.1±7.8mm,矢状角为68.3°±6.2°.④结论本文的观测结果对上颌窦、筛窦等鼻腔外侧壁鼻内窥镜术有重要的指导作用,所测角度有助于手术的空间定位 相似文献
4.
为给股动脉静脉穿刺插管提供解剖学数据,对40例成人尸体进行肌三角的解剖学研究,结果提示:穿刺点矩耻骨联合中点垂直距离,股动脉为7.0±0.7cm股静脉为6.1±0.9cm穿刺两血管的夹角;针矢角,股动脉为8.4±1.6,股静脉8.4°±1.8°,针额角,股动脉为16.1°±2.3°股静脉为16.0°±2.4°股动脉穿刺深度分别为2.8±0.2cm,2.9±0.2cm,按此进针点及角度和深度穿刺,并 相似文献
5.
为给股动静脉穿刺插管提供解剖学数据,对40侧成人尸体进行股三角的解剖学研究。结果提示:穿刺点距耻骨联合中点垂直距离,股动脉为70±07cm;股静脉为61±09cm。穿刺两血管的夹角:针矢角,股动脉为84°±16°,股静脉84°±18°。针额角:股动脉为161°±23°,股静脉为160°±24°。股动静脉穿刺深度分别为28±02cm,29±02cm。按此进针点及角度和深度穿刺,并发症少、成功率高。同时讨论了临床应用要点。 相似文献
6.
眶上神经的走行层次及其临床意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨眉区和额部不同手术层面眶上神经的保护方法。方法在15例成人头部标本上,对眶上神经在眉区和额部的行程、走行层次和入肌点的位置进行解剖观测。结果眶上神经出眶上孔后,以52.8±7.4°角向外上经额肌筋膜附着处入帽状腱膜下隙,达发际附近穿帽状腱膜和额肌至皮下。眶上神经起始部直径1.4±0.3mm,本干入肌点至眶上孔的直线距离为40.2±9.1mm,水平距离和垂直距离分别为30.5±8.8mm和33.8±8.4mm。结论根据手术层面的不同,额眉区的深层面手术应注意保护眶上神经 相似文献
7.
本文报告经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术18例。其中,中度狭窄15例,术后右心室收缩平均3.7±0.3kPa,下降61.6%;右心室与肺动脉压力阶差平均1.3±0.3kPa,下降85.5%;瓣口内径平均16.1±2.0mm,增加220%。重度狭窄3例,右心室收缩压平均6.0±0.5kPa,下降54.8%;右心室与肺动脉压力阶差平均4.9±0.3kPa,下降59.0%;瓣口内径平均8.6±0.9mm,增加19 相似文献
8.
解剖50侧成人尸体大隐静脉,测量大隐静脉注入股静脉处和大隐静脉主要属支注入大隐静脉处的外径,及各注入处与髂前上棘间连线的垂直距离。大隐静脉入股静脉处的直径为4.9±0.7mm,其属支注入大隐静脉处的直径分别是:旋髂浅静脉4.0±1.1mm,腹壁浅静脉3.6±1.0mm,阴部外静脉3.3±0.9mm,股外侧静脉4.6±1.2mm,股内侧静脉4.3±1.1mm;大隐静脉点均位于股内侧,距髂前上棘8~15cm。同时讨论了以大隐静脉股段及其主要属支为蒂轴型静脉皮瓣的解剖学要点。 相似文献
9.
脊髓型颈椎病与发育性颈椎椎管狭窄临床研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为探讨脊髓型颈椎病与发育性颈椎椎管狭窄的关系,测量了60例正常人和100例脊髓型颈椎病颈椎侧位X线片的椎管矢状径和椎体矢状径,测量范围从C2-C4。结果:60例正常人椎管矢状平均值为(16.69±0.25)mm;100例脊髓型颈椎病椎管中矢径平均值为(15.7±0.17)mm。C3-C7椎管矢状径与椎体矢状径之比值平均值正常给为0.906,颈椎病组为0.774。颈椎3节以上比值小于0.75在正常 相似文献
10.
对66名从事高难运动技术的体操、跳水、艺术体操运动员的髋骨和股骨进行了活体与X线的测量。健将级运动员的大转子间距男子为28±1.5cm,女子为28±1。7cm:业余运动员男子为25±2.0cm,女子为25±1.8cm,均较对照组小(P<0.1,P<0.2),表明运动员的髋部普遍窄小。股骨颈的垂直颈健特级运动员男子为4.2±0.8cm,女子为3.2±0.8cm,业余运动员男子为2.5±0.5cm,女子为2.45±0.4cm,均大于对照组(P<0d.2,P<0.5)。股骨颈干角健将级运动员男子为129±3°,女子为130±3°,业余运动员男子为152±3°,女子为158±3.3°,均小于对照组(P<0.1,P<0.2),表明经过长期训练的运动员股骨颈增粗,颈干角变小,有利于高难动作的完成。 相似文献
11.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD. 相似文献
12.
Jiageng Zhu Jun Li Ruipeng Ji Jianghao Su Mingshun Shen Zhigang Cao 《南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,21(2):125-128
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment. 相似文献
13.
Tao Ye * Zhi-quan Liu Jian-jun Mu Xi-han Fu Jun Yang Bao-lin Gao and Xiao-hong Zhang Department of Cardiology First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Hanzhong Cardiovascular Institute Hanzhong 《中国医学科学杂志(英文版)》2004,19(4):248-251
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure. 相似文献
14.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险. 相似文献
15.
Jingming Zhu Ningning Hui Xiuhong Jiang Huaxing Zhang Chengzhang Fu 《南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,21(6):386-389
Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P<0.01);the MAP decreased(P<0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P<0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients. 相似文献
16.
Objective:To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin(OPG) and osteoclast differentiation factor(ODF) in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods:OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers(over 50 years old) with hip fracture(Observer Group) and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis(Control group) were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results:The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion:Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption. 相似文献
17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P. 相似文献
18.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine. 相似文献
19.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center. 相似文献
20.
Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine
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A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes. 相似文献