经皮椎体后凸成形术对老年多节段骨质疏松性椎体 骨折患者的效果

目的探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年多节段骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者的效果。方法选取2016年9月至2018年1月夏邑县人民医院收治的100例老年多节段骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者,按随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组患者接受经皮椎体成形术治疗,观察组患者接受经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗。比较两组患者手术前后椎体矫正效果,采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)评定患者的疼痛程度。结果术后6个月,两组患者骨折椎体高度高于术前,观察组骨折椎体高度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月,两组患者Cobb角小于术前,观察组Cobb角小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月,两组患者VAS评分低于术前,观察组患者VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年多节段骨质疏松性椎体骨折,可有效恢复椎体高度并纠正脊柱畸形,能够在一定程度上减轻患者疼痛。     

骨水泥椎体成形在脊柱转移瘤治疗中的应用价值

目的:探讨分析骨水泥椎体成形在脊柱转移瘤治疗中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析20例脊柱转移瘤患者,分为观察组与对照组,每组10例。观察比较两组患者术前、术后的VAS评分及并发症的发生率。结果:两组患者术后VAS评分均较术前改善明显,两组患者术后VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组并发症(骨水泥渗漏)的发生率为40%(4/10),对照组并发症(骨水泥渗漏)的发生率为20%(2/10),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:骨水泥椎体成形术中的经皮椎体成形术与经皮椎体后凸成形术在脊柱转移瘤治疗中的应用价值均较高。其中经皮椎体后凸成形术的应用价值更高,能够避免减少并发症(骨水泥渗漏)的发生。     

经皮椎体成形术在脊柱转移瘤治疗中的应用

目的 探讨经皮椎体成形术在脊柱转移瘤中的镇痛治疗效果.方法 对有15例明显脊柱疼痛表现的脊柱转移瘤患者进行了经皮椎体成形术.结果 15例共20个椎体施行椎体成形,平均每椎体注射骨水泥3.5～4 ml.术后1～3 d,患者疼痛症状均有缓解,平均随访6个月,随访期末,5例明显缓解(VAS平均2分),8例中等度缓解(VAS平均4分),2例部分缓解(VAS平均6分),2例再次出现疼痛,术中和术后无严重并发症发生.结论 经皮椎体成形术可作为脊柱转移瘤缓解疼痛的有效方法之一.     

经皮穿刺格式化射频消融联合靶向骨水泥注射治疗脊柱溶骨性转移瘤的效果

目的观察经皮穿刺格式化射频消融联合靶向骨水泥注射治疗脊柱溶骨性转移瘤的临床效果。方法选取2017年3月至2018年2月柳州市柳铁中心医院收治的60例脊柱溶骨性转移瘤患者,按照治疗方案分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。给予对照组经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗,给予观察组经皮穿刺格式化射频消融联合靶向骨水泥注射治疗。对比两组骨水泥注射量,记录两组术前、术后1、3、6、9、12个月胸腰背部疼痛情况[视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评分]和生活质量[卡氏功能状态(KPS)评分]。结果观察组骨水泥注射量多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1、3、6、9、12个月,两组VAS评分均较术前降低,KPS评分均较术前升高,且观察组VAS评分均低于对照组,KPS评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论与PVP术相比,经皮穿刺格式化射频消融联合靶向骨水泥注射治疗脊柱溶骨性转移瘤,骨水泥注射量多,可减轻患者术后胸腰背部疼痛症状,提高生活质量。     

经皮椎体成形术治疗陈旧性不稳定型骨质疏松脊柱骨折的临床疗效分析

目的观察陈旧性不稳定型骨质疏松脊柱骨折患者经皮椎体成形术治疗后的临床疗效。方法选择2015年3月～2018年3月陈旧性不稳定型骨质疏松性脊柱骨折在我院住院治疗的44例患者。将其随机分为对照组和实验组两组,每组各22例,其中对照组采用药物保守治疗;实验组采用经皮椎体成形术治疗。随访并观察两组患者治疗效果,测量并记录治疗前及治疗12个月后的VAS评分、VAS评分改善率、Cobb角和椎体前缘高度改善率。结果与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后12个月VAS评分、Cobb角均降低,其中实验组降低更显著;同时与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后VAS评分改善率、治疗总有效率及椎体前缘高度改善率均增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论陈旧性不稳定型骨质疏松脊柱骨折患者通过经皮椎体成形术治疗后腰背痛改善明显,术后患者后凸畸形率降低,脊柱功能恢复快,生活质量高,早期临床效果显著,值得临床使用。     

经皮椎体成形术在脊柱转移瘤中的临床应用研究

目的:评价经皮椎体成形术治疗脊柱转移瘤的有效性、安全性及可行性。方法:本院2010年1月-2012年12月对18例脊柱转移瘤患者共26节病变椎体实施经皮椎体成形术治疗,术前、术后24 h、1个月、6个月、12个月、24个月分别记录患者的疼痛视觉模拟评分和OWESTRY功能障碍指数得分,用以评估患者疼痛程度缓解和日常活动能力改善的状况,并观察骨水泥的渗漏情况及临床并发症。术后随访1~24个月,平均18个月。结果:术后24 h的平均VAS评分和ODI得分分别为(2.79±0.45)、(28.50±4.70)分,均明显低于术前的(8.13±0.38)、(83.50±6.30)分,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),术后各个随访时段的平均VAS评分和ODI得分比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。骨水泥渗漏的发生率为38.5%。术后3例患者出现发热,对症处理后体温降至正常,1例患者出现右下肢麻痛不适,脱水对症处理后症状缓解。结论:经皮椎体成形术治疗椎体转移瘤能够达到迅速止痛和改善患者日常生活能力的效果,并且这种效果可持续到术后2年。经皮椎体成形术治疗椎体转移瘤的效果是确切的,对于椎体转移瘤的治疗是安全可行的。     

经皮椎体成形术在脊柱骨折中的应用效果分析

目的对比经皮椎体成形术和悬吊牵引术保守治疗在脊柱骨折修复中的效果。方法44例胸腰段脊柱骨折患者随机分为观察组和对照组（各22例）,观察组使用经皮椎体成形术对断裂的椎骨进行修补,对照组使用脊椎兜带悬吊牵引术保守治疗。对两组患者的术前、治疗1周时、3个月随访时分别进行疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、椎体前缘高度、脊术后凸角（Cobb’S角）等指标对比。结果观察组患者在VAS、Cobb’s角和椎体前缘压缩率等方面均优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论经皮椎体成形术能有效修复伤椎,恢复患者脊柱活动度和正常生理功能,提高患者生活质量和满意度。     

骨康方联合经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效观察

目的:观察经皮穿刺椎体成形术联合骨康方治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床效果。方法:将2015年1月-2017年12月本院收治的150例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组75例。两组均采用经皮穿刺椎体成形术,同时给予基础治疗,观察组术后服用骨康方6周,观察治疗前后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、骨密度、Cobb角、椎体压缩率及血清骨代谢标志物变化。结果:两组术后3 d VAS评分、ODI评分均较术前明显改善(P0.05),两组术后3 d VAS评分、ODI评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组术后3、6个月VAS评分、ODI评分均较对照组改善明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术后3、6、12个月骨密度均较术前改善,但术后3个月与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组术后6、12个月骨密度均较对照组增加明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术后3 d Cobb角及椎体压缩率均较术前有所改善(P0.05),但两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);两组术后3、6个月Cobb角和椎体压缩率均较术后3 d有所增加,但观察组术后6个月Cobb角和椎体压缩率改善情况均较对照组更为显著(P0.05)。两组术后3、6个月血清骨钙素(bone glaprotein,BGP)和25羟维生素D_3[25-hydroxyvitamin D_3,25(OH)D_3]水平均较术前上升,观察组术后6个月上升更明显(P0.05)。结论:经皮穿刺椎体成形术联合骨康方治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折效果显著,可明显缓解疼痛,提高骨密度,改善日常生活能力,具有较高的临床运用价值。     

经皮支柱块植入椎体成形术(治疗胸腰椎骨折短期疗效分析

目的 探讨经皮支柱块植入椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床疗效.方法 采用经皮支柱块植入椎体成形术治疗无脊髓神经损伤胸腰椎骨折患者21例,观察术前及术后3 d、3、6个月随访的椎体高度比、后凸Cobb角、VAS评分及ODI评分的改善情况.结果 20例患者均获6～13个月随访,平均(7.2±2.1)个月,1例失访.治疗后伤椎椎体高度比、后凸Cobb角、VAS评分、ODI评分较治疗前均有明显改善(P＜0.05),术后随访时椎体高度比、后凸Cobb角与术后即刻比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 经皮支柱块植入椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨折临床疗效良好,增强了伤椎前中柱支撑,矫正了脊柱后凸畸形,能够有效地恢复并维持伤椎的高度,值得推广应用.     

经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术与微创椎弓根钉内固定术治疗脊柱胸腰段压缩性骨折的效果比较

目的比较经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术与微创椎弓根钉内固定术治疗脊柱胸腰段压缩性骨折的效果。方法收集2016年1月～2018年5月来我院接受手术治疗的52例脊柱胸腰段压缩性骨折患者的临床资料,按照手术方式不同分为观察组26例和对照组26例,对照组患者接受微创椎弓根钉内固定术治疗,观察组患者接受经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗,比较两组手术效果。结果观察组手术时间、术中出血量及术后住院时间均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组术后6个月VAS评分、Cobb角、伤椎椎体压缩率、ODI评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗脊柱胸腰段压缩性骨折效果优于微创椎弓根钉内固定术,且创伤小、术后恢复时间短,值得临床推荐。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.