新辅助化疗对晚期上皮性卵巢癌患者预后的影响

目的 探讨新辅助化疗对Ⅲc～Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析160例Ⅲc～Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者的临床病理资料,其中42例患者行新辅助化疗后再行肿瘤细胞减灭术(NAC组),118例患者先行初次肿瘤细胞减灭术(PCS)再行化疗(PCS组),比较两组患者的生存情况及与预后相关的因素.结果新辅助化疗的总有效率为69.1%.在手术时间、术中出血量和输血量等方面,NAC组与PCS组的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).NAC组肿瘤细胞减灭术的满意率为88.1%,明显高于PCS组(71.2%,P＜0.05).NAC组和PCS组的复发率分别为43.2%和56.0%,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).NAC组的中位无瘤生存时间和中位疾病无进展生存时间分别为7个月和8个月,低于PCS组的13个月和18个月(P＜0.05);但是NAC组和PCS组的中位总生存时间分别为34个月和43个月,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).NAC组有37例患者行满意的肿瘤细胞减灭术(OCS),中位总生存时间为34个月;PCS组有84例患者行OCS,中位总生存时间为48个月,两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 新辅助化疗可以提高Ⅲc-Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者肿瘤细胞减灭术的满意率,但未降低患者治疗后的复发率,也未延长患者的总生存时间.     

Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in the Management of Advanced Ovarian Cancer

Objective: To analyze efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer. Materials andMethods: A total of 107 patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing cytoreductive surgery were dividedinto a neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (n=61) and a primary debulking group (n=46) and retrospectivelyanalyzed. Platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy was applied to both groups after cytoreductive surgery andeoverall and progression-free survival times were calculated. Results: No significant difference was observed induration of hospitalization (20.8±6.1 vs. 20.2±5.4 days, p>0.05). The operation time of neoadjuvant chemotherapygroup was shorter than the initial surgery group (3.1±0.7 vs. 3.4±0.8 h, p<0.05). There were no significantdifferences in median overall survival time between neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and surgery group (42 vs.55 months, p>0.05). Similarly, there was no difference in median progression-free survival between neoadjuvantchemotherapy group and surgery group (16 vs. 17 months, p>0.05). The surgical residual tumor size demonstratedno significant difference between initial surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy groups (p>0.05). Multivariateanalysis showed that more than 3 cycles of regimen with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with moreresistance to chemotherapy compared with patients without receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OR: 5.962,95%CI: 1.184-30.030, p<0.05). Conclusions:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can shorten the operation time. However,it does not improve survival rates of advanced ovarian cancer patients.     

Prognostic factors of overall survival for patients with FIGO stage IIIc or IVa ovarian cancer treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery: A multicenter cohort analysis from the FRANCOGYN study group

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors of overall survival in patients with FIGO stage IIIc or IVa ovarian cancer (OC) treated by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by interval debulking surgery.Materials and methodsData from 483 patients with ovarian cancer were retrospectively collected, from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2016, from the FRANCOGYN database, regrouping data from 11 centers specialized in ovarian cancer treatment. Median overall survival was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to define prognostic factors of overall survival.ResultsThe median overall survival was 52 after a median follow up of 30 months. After univariate analysis, factors significantly associated with decreased overall survival were; no pelvic and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy (p = 0.002), residual disease (CC1/CC2/CC3) after surgery (p < 0.001), positive cytology after NAC (p < 0.001), omental disease after NAC (p = 0.002), no pathologic complete response (pCR) (p = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with decreased overall survival were; residual disease after surgery (HR = 1.93; CI95% (1.16–3.21), p = 0.01) and positive cytology after NAC (HR = 1.59; CI95% (1.01–2.55), p = 0.05). Patients with no residual disease after surgery had a median overall survival of 64 months versus 35 months for patients with residual disease. Patients with negative cytology after NAC had a median overall survival of 71 months versus 43 months for patients with positive cytology after NAC.ConclusionIn this first and largest French based retrospective study, complete cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer remains the main prognostic factor of overall survival.     

Primary debulking surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery for patients with advanced ovarian cancer

Objectives:To compare the survival and perioperative morbidity between primary debulking surgery(PDS) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery(NAC/IDS) in treating patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC).Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 67 patients with stage IIIC or IV EOC treated at Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2006 to June 2009.Wherein,37 and 30 patients underwent PDS and NAC/IDS,respectively.Results:No difference in overall survival(OS) or progression-free survival(PFS) was observed between NAC/IDS group and PDS group(OS:41.2 vs.39.1 months,P=0.23;PFS:27.1 vs.24.3 months,P=0.37).The optimal debulking rate was 60% in the NAC/IDS group,which was significantly higher than that in the PDS group(32.4%)(P=0.024).The NAC/IDS group had significantly less intraoperative estimated blood loss and transfusion,lower nasogastric intubation rate,and earlier ambulation and recovery of intestinal function than the PDS group(P<0.05).Conclusions:NAC/IDS is less invasive than PDS,and offers the advantages regarding optimal cytoreduction rate,intraoperative blood loss,and postoperative recovery,without significantly impairing the survival compared with PDS in treating patients with stage IIIC or IV EOC.Therefore,NAC/IDS may be a valuable treatment alternative for EOC patients.     

晚期上皮性卵巢癌术前新辅助化疗的临床总结

探讨晚期卵巢癌能否行手术治疗的预测因素及新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢癌中的临床价值。方法:回顾性分析了大连医科大学附属第一医院1996年1月至2008年12月收治的Ⅲ～Ⅳ期晚期卵巢癌病例92例,其中18例接受新辅助化疗（NAC组）,74例接受初次手术（PCS组）。结果:使初次肿瘤细胞减灭术满意率降低的因素:伴有合并症（P=0.022）;初次治疗时存在胸腔积液（P=0.011）;CA125>1 000 U/L（P=0.030）;有肝、肺转移的Ⅳ期患者（P=0.031）。新辅助化疗的总有效率为66.7%。新辅助化疗可以提高肿瘤细胞减灭术的满意率（P=0.022）,缩短引流管置留天数（P=0.011）,减少腹水量（P=0.005）、术中出血量（P=0.048）,但在手术时间、输血量、平均住院天数、患者生存时间方面,NAC组与PCS组的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论:伴有合并症、胸腔积液、CA125>1 000 U/L、临床分期为Ⅳ期、表现为肝、肺转移的患者适合新辅助化疗。新辅助化疗可以提高肿瘤细胞减灭术的满意率,减少术中、术后并发症,可能会改善患者预后。      

肝脏部分切除术在复发性上皮性卵巢癌肝实质转移治疗中的价值

目的 探讨复发性上皮性卵巢癌肝实质转移患者行肝脏部分切除术的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析39例复发性上皮性卵巢癌肝实质转移患者的临床病理资料.结果 39例患者中,10例进行了肝脏部分切除术,29例仅行挽救性化疗.手术组患者的病变均为单叶,且病灶＜3个,与化疗组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),在年龄、初次手术病理类型及病理分级、初次减瘤手术结果、初次治疗后的无瘤生存时间、肝转移瘤大小及肝转移时CA125水平等方面,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).10例手术患者中,单纯行肝脏手术6例,同时行其他部位肿瘤细胞减灭术4例,其中7例减瘤手术满意.3例发生手术并发症,无手术死亡病例.8例肝脏病理切缘为阴性的患者中,局部复发6例,中位复发时间为术后12个月.减瘤手术满意的患者与行挽救性化疗的患者,肝转移后的中位总生存时间分别为26个月和9个月,肝转移后3年累积生存率分别为60.0%和16.8%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 对存在肝实质转移的复发性上皮性卵巢癌患者施行包括肝脏部分切除术在内的满意肿瘤细胞减灭术,术后辅以化疗,有可能改善患者的预后.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the validity of hepatic resection as a treatment option for hepatic parenchymal metastasis in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods A retrospective review of the clinicopathological and follow up data of 39 patients treated in our hospital from 1996 to 2008was conducted. Results Ten patients underwent partial hepatic resection for metastatic ovarian cancer.All the 10 patients underwent surgery were with unilobar metastasis and the number of tumors was lower than 3 (P ＜0.05).No significant difference existed in patient age,the primary pathology type and tumor grade,the rate of optimal primary cytoreductive surgery,the disease free survival after the primary therapy and the serum CA125 level at the liver metastasis when compared with the 29 patients accepted salvage chemotherapy(P ＞0.05).There were 7 patients who achieved optional surgery.The operation complication was 3/10 andthere was no perioperative mortality.There were 2 patients without postoperative chemotherapy in the 8 recurrent patients with microscopic negative margins.The median recurrence time was 12(5-24) months after the hepatic resection.The overall median survival periods after hepatic metastasis were 26 and 9 months and the 3-years cumulative survival rates were 60.0% and 16.8% for the optimal surgery patients including hepatic surgery and the salvage chemotherapy patients,respectively(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Hepatic resection for liver metastatic epithelial ovarian cancer is safe and may achieve long-term survival in patients after optimal second cytoreductive surgery.     

非小细胞肺癌术后辅助化疗随机研究

目的评价非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）根治术后辅助化疗疗效。方法７０例Ⅰ～Ⅲ期ＮＳＣＬＣ患者在根治术后被随机分为两组。一组为辅助化疗组,于手术后３～４周开始接受辅助化疗：环磷酰胺３００ｍｇ／ｍ２;长春新碱１．４ｇ／ｍ２;阿霉素５０ｍｇ／ｍ２,第１天;顺铂２０ｍｇ／ｍ２,第１～５天;环己亚硝脲５０ｍｇ／ｍ２,第１天（ＣＯＡＰＣ方案）。每４～６周重复疗程,共４疗程。此后开始口服喃氟啶２００～３００ｍｇ,每天３次,连用１年或至肿瘤复发止。另一组为单纯手术组。结果辅助化疗组和手术组总的（Ⅰ～Ⅲ期）５年生存率分别为４８．６％和３１．４％,差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）;Ⅲ期病例的５年生存率分别为４４．０％和２０．８％,差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０２５）。Ⅰ～Ⅱ期病例分别为６０．０％和５４．５％（Ｐ＞０．７５）。结论ＮＳＣＬＣ根治术后辅助化疗,其５年生存率有一定提高,其中Ⅲ期病例的５年生存率,辅助化疗组优于单纯手术组。     

Significance of postoperative CA-125 decline after cytoreductive surgery in stage IIIC/IV ovarian cancer

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the decline in serum CA-125 levels following primary cytoreductive surgery prior to starting adjuvant chemotherapy has a prognostic value in patients with stage IIIC/IV ovarian carcinoma.

Methods

A retrospective review was conducted of all patients with stage IIIC/IV ovarian carcinoma who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy from 1994 to 2007. Demographic, pathologic, treatment, and survival data were collected. Patients were included if serum CA-125 levels were drawn preoperatively and within one week prior to their first chemotherapy cycle, and whose postoperative CA-125 level declined. Percentage decline was calculated, and was compared with standard statistical tests in groups by 25% declination intervals.

Results

Of the 112 stage IIIC/IV patients, 81 (72.3%) met the above inclusion criteria. The median time from surgery to postoperative CA-125 sampling was 16 days (range: 7-42). A ≥75% decline was associated with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 25 months (95% CI=0-63). This was significantly longer when compared with each of the other 25% interval groups. After multivariate analysis, independent prognostic factors included a ≥75% decline in CA-125 levels after surgery and the presence of residual tumor. Age, grade, histology, and preoperative CA-125 levels were not statistically significant factors.

Conclusion

A ≥75% decline in serum CA-125 serum levels from primary cytoreductive surgery to the start of adjuvant chemotherapy has independent prognostic value for PFS in patients with stage IIIC/IV ovarian carcinoma.     

The role of secondary cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma

BACKGROUND: This study examined the impact of secondary cytoreductive surgery on survival of patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma. METHODS: One hundred six patients with a disease free interval (DFI) > 6 months after primary treatment underwent secondary cytoreductive surgery. Multivariate analysis determined which variables influenced the cytoreductive outcome and survival. RESULTS: Eighty-seven patients (82.1%) underwent removal of all visible tumor. The median and estimated 5-year survival for the entire cohort after recurrence was 35.9 months and 28%, respectively. The probability of complete cytoreduction was influenced by the largest size of recurrent tumor (< 10 cm ?90.0% vs. > 10 cm ?66.7%; P = 0.003), use of salvage chemotherapy before secondary surgery (chemotherapy given ?64.3% vs. chemotherapy not given ?93.8%; P = 0.001), and preoperative Gynecologic Oncology Group performance status (0 ?100%, 1 ?91.4%, 2 ?82.4%, and 3 ?47.4%; P = 0.001). Survival was influenced by the DFI after primary treatment (6-12 months ?median, 25.0 months vs. 13-36 months ?median, 44.4 months vs. > 36 months ?median, 56.8 months; P = 0.005), the completeness of cytoreduction (visibly disease free ?median, 44.4 months vs. any residual disease ?median, 19.3 months; P = 0.007), the use of salvage chemotherapy before secondary surgery (chemotherapy given ?median, 24.9 months vs. chemotherapy not given ?median, 48.4 months; P = 0.005), and the largest size of recurrent tumor (< 10 cm ?median, 37.3 months vs. > 10 cm ?median, 35.6 months; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Complete cytoreduction is possible for the majority of patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma and maximizes survival if undertaken before salvage chemotherapy. The authors believe a randomized trial should be initiated to confirm these findings.     

Impact of interval debulking surgery on clinical outcome in primary unresectable FIGO stage IIIc ovarian cancer patients

OBJECTIVES: To report the results of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and the impact of interval debulking surgery (IDS) on clinical outcomes of patients considered unresectable at primary surgery. METHODS: Retrospective analysis was carried out on 73 consecutive stage IIIc ovarian cancer patients treated with platinum-based NACT followed by IDS. Their clinical outcomes were compared with those of 111 consecutive stage IIIc ovarian cancer patients treated with primary cytoreduction followed by platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: Patients who underwent successful IDS had a more favorable prognosis than those who did not in terms of time to progression (TTP) (p = 0.00001), and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.0001). On the other hand, in the group of patients that underwent successful IDS, no differences in survival outcomes were observed between patients with no residual disease and patients with macroscopic residual disease <2 cm after IDS (p = n.s.). CONCLUSIONS: NACT followed by successful IDS can achieve good results in terms of survival outcomes in a high percentage of chemoresponsive IIIc ovarian cancer patients classified as unresectable at primary surgery. These results are in fact inferior to those achievable with optimal primary cytoreduction; however, they were quite similar to those seen with suboptimal primary cytoreduction.     

CRS对比CRS+IP与CRS+HIPEC治疗上皮性卵巢癌辅助化疗时间及预后的前瞻性观察研究

  目的  完全肿瘤细胞减灭术（cytoreductive surgery,CRS）及术后辅助化疗,是晚期原发性上皮性卵巢癌（epithelial ovarian cancer,EOC）的重要预后因素。然而,EOC患者接受辅助化疗开始时机及其与预后的关系尚不明确,值得深入探讨。  方法  本研究选取2010年1月至2017年12月在印度班加罗尔马尼帕尔综合癌症中心接受完全细胞减灭术的185例晚期原发性EOC患者,其中部分患者接受腹腔化疗或辅助化疗,部分患者未接受腹腔化疗和辅助化疗。分别记录并分析术后开始进行辅助化疗的时间及其对预后的影响。  结果  接受单纯CRS、CRS联合经腹腔港的腹腔内化疗（intraperitoneal chemotherapy,IP）或腹腔热灌注化疗（hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,HIPEC）的患者分别为50例、60例和75例。CRS组术后开始接受辅助化疗的平均时间为32天,CRS+IP组为34天,CRS+HIPEC组为41天。CRS组中,术后化疗间隔时间>42天对无复发生存（relapse-free survival,RFS）期有显著影响（36个月 vs. 17个月:P=0.02）;在CRS+IP组中,患者RFS差异无统计学意义（35个月vs. 28个月;P=0.78）;CRS+HIPEC组,RFS差异无统计学意义（35个月 vs. 32个月;P=0.17）。如期行辅助化疗患者生存期较延迟化疗更好（88个月 vs. 71个月,P=0.49）。  结论  化疗时间延迟是单纯接受完全CRS患者RFS的不良预后因素。与非HIPEC组相比,化疗时间延迟对HIPEC组患者并未产生显著影响,其原因可能在于术中单次HIPEC弥补了化疗时间延迟带来的不利影响。      

新辅助化疗158例晚期卵巢癌治疗应用

[目的]探讨术前新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢癌治疗中的应用价值。[方法]1987—1998年初次治疗的Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期卵巢癌患者303例，Ⅲ期251例，Ⅳ期52例。145例直接手术减瘤（直接手术组），其中Ⅲ期136例，Ⅳ期9例；158例术前行新辅助化疗（新辅助化疗组），其中Ⅲ期115例，Ⅳ期43例。[结果]无残存肿瘤、残存肿瘤≤2cm、2．1～5cm、〉5cm中位生存时间，Ⅲ期分别为54、33、24、16个月，Ⅳ期为42、30、17、16个月（P〈0．05）。5年生存率：Ⅲa期、Ⅲb期为36．7％，Ⅲc期20．8％，Ⅳ期为22．4％。有、无新辅助化疗总的中位生存时间21.3个月比27．0个月，两组之间无统计学差异（P=-0．062）。术后化疗疗程数〈6个疗程与≥6个疗程相比中位生存时间17个月与39个月（P〈0．001）。术前新辅助化疗疗程数对生存率无影响，增加疗程数并不能提高生存率。[结论]术前新辅助化疗手术满意减瘤率高，总的生存期与常规手术组无差异。     

Effect of cytoreductive surgery on survival of patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The value of secondary cytoreductive surgery is still controversial, especially in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. In this retrospective study, we investigated the effect on survival of secondary cytoreduction for recurrent disease and variables influencing redebulking surgical outcome. METHODS: Between 1986 and 1997, 60 patients who received primary cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy for stage III and IV epithelial ovarian cancer experienced disease recurrence at least 6 months after completion of primary therapy, and secondary surgical cytoreduction was performed. The optimal residual disease cutoff was 1.0 cm. The Cox proportional regression model and Logistic stepwise regression were used in statistical processing of the data. RESULTS: The median progression-free interval between the two operations was 13 months (range, 6-56 months). Optimal secondary cytoreduction was achieved in 23 patients (38.33%). There was a significant difference in survival between patients who were optimally cytoreduced compared to those suboptimally cytoreduced, with an estimated median survival in the optimal group of 19 months vs. 8 months in the suboptimal group (chi(2) = 22.04, P = 0.0000). Prognosis of survival for individuals with progression-free interval >12 months was better than that of those with the interval 1.0 cm after primary operation should be considered prudently.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer

Between May 1981 and January 1986, 130 consecutive patients with advanced untreated head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with two or three courses of the CABO combination (methotrexate 40 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15; CDDP 50 mg/m2 IV on day 4; bleomycin 10 mg IV on days 1, 8, and 15; and vincristine 2 mg IV on days 1, 8, and 15 every 3 weeks) prior to surgery and/or radiotherapy. Of the 123 patients evaluable for response to chemotherapy, 19 (15.4%) had a complete remission and 59 (48%) a partial response, yielding a 63.4% overall response rate. Response rate was significantly correlated with the performance status (PS) (P = 0.001), the stage (P = 0.005), and the T class (P = 0.02); 107 patients completed subsequent local treatment (87 with radiotherapy and 20 with surgery +/- radiotherapy). The median survival of the 124 patients evaluable for survival was 14.7 months and the overall survival rate at 3 years was 24%. The median survival and the overall survival at 3 years for the surgical subgroup were 24.7 months and 38% and for the radiotherapy subgroup were 14.3 months and 22%. These results were compared with those obtained in a historical control group of 79 patients treated in our institute with short courses of chemotherapy regimens, which did not include cisplatin, followed by radiotherapy (29 patients) or local treatments alone (26 patients with radiotherapy and 24 patients with surgery +/- radiotherapy) between January 1976 and December 1980. Most of the patient characteristics were evenly distributed (age, sex, and primary sites) except that more advanced lesions were included in the NAC group (Stage IV: 85% versus 62%; T4: 65% versus 42%; N2-3: 48% versus 29%). The overall survival was significantly higher in patients receiving NAC than in the historical control group, comparing both the groups taken as a whole (P less than 0.05) and the surgery +/- radiotherapy (P less than 0.05) and the radiotherapy (P less than 0.02) subgroups. This experience suggests a positive role of NAC on survival. However, this improvement in outcome compared with a historical control group cannot be regarded as definitive evidence for benefit to patients. Randomized studies using active regimens are required to confirm these data.     

新辅助化疗联合中间性肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗晚期上皮性卵巢癌的疗效及对HE4、VEGF、CA125水平的影响

目的 探讨新辅助化疗联合中间性肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗晚期上皮性卵巢癌的疗效及其对血清人附睾蛋白4(HE4)、血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、糖类抗原125(CA125)水平的影响.方法 回顾性分析68例晚期上皮性卵巢癌患者的病历资料,根据治疗方法不同将患者分为联合组与对照组,每组34例.联合组患者采用新辅助化疗联合中间性肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗,对照组患者仅接受卵巢肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗.观察并比较两组患者的近期疗效,手术相关指标,血清HE4、VEGF、CA125水平及预后情况.结果 联合组患者的治疗总有效率为79.4%,高于对照组的52.9%(P﹤0.05);联合组患者的手术时间明显短于对照组(P﹤0.01);联合组患者的术中失血量、腹腔积液量均明显低于对照组(P﹤0.01);治疗后,联合组患者的血清HE4、VEGF、CA125水平均明显低于对照组(P﹤0.01);治疗后,两组患者的1年、2年、3年生存率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).联合组和对照组患者的中位生存时间分别为32.0个月(95%CI:25.3~35.6)和28.0个月(95%CI:22.1~33.9),两组患者的生存情况比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.96,P﹥0.05).结论 新辅助化疗联合中间性肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗晚期上皮性卵巢癌可以缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量,降低血清肿瘤相关标志物水平,但该方法对改善患者的远期生存意义不大.     

影响卵巢上皮性癌手术加紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗疗效的相关临床病理因素分析

目的:探讨影响卵巢上皮性癌手术加紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗疗效的相关临床病理因素。方法:选取2014年1月至2016年3月于我院行手术治疗加紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗的296例卵巢上皮性癌患者进行资料分析,对所有患者进行3~24个月的随访,采用Logistic回归方程计算,观察影响卵巢上皮性癌手术加紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗疗效的相关临床病理因素。结果:本组296例患者客观缓解率（objective response rate,ORR）为70.95%,疾病控制率达到86.15%,本组296例患者随访6个月时,生存率为82.77%（245/296）,随访1年生存率为71.96%（213/296）,随访2年生存率为58.78%（174/296）。本次将ORR视为有效,PD+SD为无效,对比两组间的临床资料发现,两组在组织学分级、手术病理分期、大网膜切除、肿瘤细胞减瘤术的理想程度方面差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,将上述有差异资料带入Logistic回归方程计算,发现组织学分级、手术病理分期、大网膜切除、肿瘤细胞减瘤术均是影响卵巢上皮性癌的危险因素。结论:影响卵巢上皮性癌手术加紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗疗效的相关临床病理因素较多,临床应根据患者的实际情况采取个体化治疗,手术过程中应尽可能做到彻底除瘤,延长患者生存期限。     

新辅助化疗联合肿瘤细胞减灭术后热灌注化疗治疗晚期卵巢癌疗效观察

目的探讨新辅助化疗联合肿瘤细胞减灭术后热灌注治疗晚期卵巢癌的临床疗效。方法选取2009年4月至2012年7月间收治的60例晚期卵巢癌患者,按收治时间顺序分为两组,观察组患者术前采取新辅助化疗,术后联合腹腔内热灌注辅助化疗1次(顺铂80mg),术后给予TC/TP方案化疗;对照组患者采取常规肿瘤细胞减灭术+术后TC/TP方案化疗,比较两组患者在手术时间、出血量、腹水量、术后化疗疗程、疗效、复发与死亡、生存率等方面的差异。结果观察组患者手术时间为(215.34±32.76)min,腹水量为(678.35±32.32)ml,失血量为(502.89±118.53)ml,对照组患者手术时间为(275.35±42.98)min,腹水量为(1242.24±204.3)ml,失血量为(759.64±153.45)ml,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后化疗疗程较对照组明显减少(P<0.05)。观察组患者总有效率为83.3%,对照组为33.3%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组和对照组患者1年生存率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论晚期卵巢癌患者采取术前新辅助化疗联合肿瘤细胞减灭术、术后热灌注辅助化疗,对患者预后和疗效较常规的方法有较大提高,值得在临床上进行推广。     

Cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer: a multi-institutional study.

PURPOSE: The three principal studies dedicated to the natural history of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal cancer consistently showed median survival ranging between 6 and 8 months. New approaches combining cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy suggest improved survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective multicenter study was performed to evaluate the international experience with this combined treatment and to identify the principal prognostic indicators. All patients had cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia and/or immediate postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy). PC from appendiceal origin was excluded. RESULTS: The study included 506 patients from 28 institutions operated between May 1987 and December 2002. Their median age was 51 years. The median follow-up was 53 months. The morbidity and mortality rates were 22.9% and 4%, respectively. The overall median survival was 19.2 months. Patients in whom cytoreductive surgery was complete had a median survival of 32.4 months, compared with 8.4 months for patients in whom complete cytoreductive surgery was not possible (P <.001). Positive independent prognostic indicators by multivariate analysis were complete cytoreduction, treatment by a second procedure, limited extent of PC, age less than 65 years, and use of adjuvant chemotherapy. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, lymph node involvement, presence of liver metastasis, and poor histologic differentiation were negative independent prognostic indicators. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic approach combining cytoreductive surgery with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy achieved long-term survival in a selected group of patients with PC from colorectal origin with acceptable morbidity and mortality. The complete cytoreductive surgery was the most important prognostic indicator.     

Primary surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery in advanced ovarian cancer

Advanced ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis. De-bulking surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy are the cornerstones of the treatment. Primary debulking surgery has been the standard of care in advanced ovarian cancer. Recently a new strategy with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery has been developed. In a recently published randomised trial of the EORTC-NCIC (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - National Cancer Institute Canada) in patients with extensive stage IIIc and IV ovarian cancer it was shown that the survival was similar for patients randomised to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking compared to primary debulking surgery, followed by chemotherapy. The post-operative complications and mortality rates were lower after interval debulking than after primary debulking surgery. The most important independent prognostic factor for overall survival was no residual tumour after primary or interval debulking surgery. In some patients obtaining the goal of no residual tumour at interval debulking is difficult due to chemotherapy-induced fibrosis. On the other hand the patients randomised had very extensive stage IIIc and IV disease and in patients with metastases smaller than 5 cm the survival tended to be better after primary debulking surgery. Hence, selection of the correct patients with stage IIIc or IV ovarian cancer for primary debulking or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery is important. Besides imaging with CT, diffusion MRI and/or PET-CT, also laparoscopy can play an important role in the selection of patients. It should be emphasised that the group of patients included in this study had extensive stage IIIc or IV disease. Surgical skills, especially in the upper abdomen, remain pivotal in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. However, very aggressive surgery should be tailored according to the general condition and extent of the disease of the patients. Otherwise, this type of aggressive surgery will result in unnecessary postoperative morbidity and mortality without improving survival. Hence, neoadjuvant chemotherapy should not be an easy way out, but is in some patients with stage IIIc or IV ovarian cancer a better alternative treatment option than primary debulking. According to the current treatment algorithm at the University Hospitals Leuven about 50% of the patients with stage IIIc or IV ovarian cancer are selected for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.     

卵巢原发性肺型小细胞癌8例临床病理分析并文献复习

目的:探讨卵巢原发性肺型小细胞癌（small cell ovarian carcinoma of the pulmonary type，SCCOPT）的临床病理特点、诊断、治疗及预后。方法:对2010年01月至2021年12月在我院手术并病理确诊的8例SCCOPT患者资料进行回顾性分析。结果:8例患者平均发病年龄54.25岁（35～68岁）。临床表现主要为腹痛或伴阴道流血。8例患者中，7例患者为Ⅱ-Ⅳb期。除1例Ⅳb期外，其余7例患者均接受了满意的肿瘤细胞减灭术并辅助4~8疗程紫杉醇+顺铂/卡铂方案化疗。其中7例已死亡，中位生存时间16.5月（6~49月）；即使经过积极手术并规律足量化疗的7例患者中6例死亡，但经过积极治疗患者最短生存时间为10个月，4例患者生存时间近2年或以上，1例患者在33个月后出现全身多器官转移，经再次化疗后病情缓解仍生存。结论:SCCOPT发病罕见，恶性程度高，病死率高，预后欠佳。满意的肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗并辅助足量规律化疗是主要的治疗手段。