鼻内镜下鼻-鼻中隔整形术治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形

目的总结鼻内镜下治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形的经验.方法选择外伤性歪鼻畸形患者42例,其中"C"型偏曲15例,"O"型(偏斜型)偏曲17例,"S"型偏曲10例,分别在术前、术后测量其偏离值("S"型两个偏曲,暂未进行统计),在鼻内镜下行鼻-鼻中隔整形术,术后进行随访.结果 32例"C"型偏曲、"O"型偏曲术前测量偏离值为(5.68±2.03) mm, 术后测量偏离值为(2.17±1.09) mm,经配对t检验,手术前后歪鼻的偏离值差异有显著性意义(t=6.877,P＜0.001),临床治愈率占62.5%、有效率占87.5%.结论鼻内镜下鼻-鼻中隔整形术是治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形有效的术式,能同时解决鼻腔美学和鼻腔功能的问题,并具有精确、微创、复发率低等优点.     

鼻内窥镜下鼻-鼻中隔整形术治疗歪鼻

目的探索鼻内窥镜下行鼻-鼻中隔整形术治疗歪鼻疗效,并介绍手术方法。方法对16例歪鼻畸形患者:“C”型9例,“S”型4例,偏斜型3例。分别在鼻内窥镜下行矫正手术,针对不同的偏曲类型在内窥镜下分别采取偏曲中隔局部矫正、回位、划线以及配合鼻骨手法复位。结果16例患者按分级标准治愈14例,好转2例。治愈率为88%,有效率100%,随访0.5~1年,无并发症发生。结论选择部分“C”型,“S”型,偏斜型歪鼻患者均可在鼻内窥镜下行鼻-鼻中隔整形手术,手术疗效确切,并且符合微创手术原理。     

应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下歪鼻矫正术

目的 探讨应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形的手术治疗方法.方法 对66例歪鼻畸形患者术前行螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态,了解歪鼻畸形的局部形成状况.先在鼻内镜下行鼻中隔偏曲的矫正术,后经鼻前庭前小切口在鼻内镜辅助下行歪鼻畸形矫正.结果 术后1周、1个月、3个月及半年后随访,观察外鼻形状,并测量其偏离值.66例歪鼻中矫正效果优为53例,良好为11例,不满意2例.结论 螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态可在术前充分了解歪鼻畸形局部及周围情况;采用鼻内镜能充分暴露骨折畸形愈合部位,避免破坏整体框架,使得手术创伤小,手术时间短,术后反应轻,皮肤坏死可能性减小等,因此应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形效果更具优势.     

应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下歪鼻矫正术

目的 探讨应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形的手术治疗方法.方法 对66例歪鼻畸形患者术前行螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态,了解歪鼻畸形的局部形成状况.先在鼻内镜下行鼻中隔偏曲的矫正术,后经鼻前庭前小切口在鼻内镜辅助下行歪鼻畸形矫正.结果 术后1周、1个月、3个月及半年后随访,观察外鼻形状,并测量其偏离值.66例歪鼻中矫正效果优为53例,良好为11例,不满意2例.结论 螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态可在术前充分了解歪鼻畸形局部及周围情况;采用鼻内镜能充分暴露骨折畸形愈合部位,避免破坏整体框架,使得手术创伤小,手术时间短,术后反应轻,皮肤坏死可能性减小等,因此应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形效果更具优势.     

鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术同期歪鼻整形的治疗效果分析

目的:探讨鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术同期歪鼻整形的治疗方法及效果。方法:对34例鼻中隔偏曲并歪鼻患者行鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术联合歪鼻整形术,观察手术治疗效果。结果:随访8～20个月,34例患者均有不同程度的改善,32例治愈(94.12%),偏曲值均在3mm以下,患者满意率为100%,且均未发生鼻中隔穿孔、鼻腔粘连等并发症。结论:鼻中隔偏曲并歪鼻可经鼻内窥镜同时行鼻中隔偏曲矫正术及歪鼻整容术,具有微创、术野清晰、患者痛苦小、恢复快、并发症少、疗效确切的优点,值得临床推广与应用。     

歪鼻畸形的整形及通气功能恢复

目的 探讨治疗伴或不伴鼻中隔偏曲的歪鼻畸形的手术方法,观察外观效果和功能恢复情况.方法 对59例陈旧外伤性和先天性歪鼻畸形患者,经鼻和鼻中隔整形手术矫正,术前经鼻声反射测量法检查,术后进行复查及随访.结果 所有病例伤口均一期愈合,治疗效果满意,经3个月～2年随访,无复发和并发症.结论 鼻和鼻中隔整形术均为治疗歪鼻畸形的有效术式,鼻声反射测量法适用于手术前后通气功能的对比评估.     

鼻内镜下鼻中隔-歪鼻整形术后疗效评估方法的综合应用

目的：探讨鼻内镜下鼻中隔-歪鼻整形术后疗效的综合评估方法。方法：选择2006年12月～2011年12月入住我院整形科和耳鼻喉科需手术治疗的176例歪鼻并鼻中隔偏曲患者,应用VAS主观评估鼻外形满意度及鼻塞情况、鼻外形分度、鼻阻力测定、外鼻相关指标测量的方法对该组患者进行疗效评估。结果：176例患者术后鼻外形满意度为96.02%,100%患者鼻塞改善。从鼻外形分度来看,92.04%患者鼻外形恢复正常,100%的患者治疗有效。鼻阻力测定术后鼻腔0～5cm容积较术前明显增大;术后阻塞侧鼻腔的鼻气道阻力较术前也明显降低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。外鼻相关指标的测量,鼻长、鼻深术后较术前有所增加,鼻背坡长、鼻面角、鼻额角、鼻翼角术后较术前有所缩小,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：对于鼻内镜下鼻中隔-歪鼻整形术后疗效的评估,建议运用综合的评估方法,包括主观鼻外形满意度、鼻塞改善程度,鼻外形分度,鼻阻力测定,外鼻相关指标测量。     

外伤性歪鼻鼻内镜下成形术

中隔偏曲-鼻骨骨折是面部创伤中较常见的一种损伤,伤后未及时处理或处理不当,可造成各种鼻畸形.其中歪鼻是常见的外伤性鼻畸形,分为软骨部畸形和骨部的畸形两种.然而,在临床中我们发现歪鼻多为软骨部和骨部的复合畸形,且多伴有鼻中隔偏曲.我们自1999年12月至2005年12月,利用鼻内镜辅助行鼻中隔-鼻骨矫正,自体中隔软骨移植修复外伤性歪鼻畸形60例,效果满意.     

同期鼻中隔和鼻整形术

目的：探讨同期鼻中隔和鼻整形术治疗伴有鼻中隔偏曲的歪鼻、驼峰鼻、鹰嘴鼻等外鼻畸形的手术方法和效果。方法：采用鼻侧软骨与大翼软骨间切口，单面一边骨膜蒂骨瓣截骨法处理骨锥畸形，联合“转门法”矫正鼻中隔偏曲。结果：36例均获满意效果，随访32例受术者1～15年，无复发和并发症。结论：本手术方法既避免了鼻骨及鼻中隔软骨的游离移位和鼻黏膜损伤，又保证了鼻骨和鼻中隔软骨的血供，在矫正了外鼻畸形的同时，又矫正了偏曲的鼻中隔，收到外鼻美容与恢复鼻腔通气功能的双重功效。     

内镜辅助下歪鼻的形态与通气功能一期矫正

目的探讨利用内窥镜行歪鼻鼻中隔偏曲矫正、骨性矫正术,达到歪鼻与通气障碍的形态与功能的一期矫正的治疗方法及效果。方法自2015年9月至2017年6月,对60例骨性歪鼻并鼻中隔偏曲患者行鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术联合骨性歪鼻整形术,观察手术治疗效果。结果随访8~15个月,60例患者58例治愈(96.67%),偏曲值均在2 mm以下,患者满意率为99%,鼻腔通气功能改善。结论鼻中隔偏曲并骨性歪鼻可经鼻内镜同时行鼻中隔偏曲矫正术及骨性歪鼻整容术,达到歪鼻与通气障碍的形态与功能的一期矫正的目的,具有疗效微创、术野清晰、患者痛苦小、恢复快、并发症少、确切的优点,值得临床推广与应用。     

合并鼻中隔偏曲的C形歪鼻矫治体会

目的:总结鼻中隔—鼻骨整复矫正术的治疗经验,探讨对C形歪鼻并鼻中隔偏曲有效的手术方式,以提高临床治疗效果.方法:选择13例C形歪鼻患者,采用开放式入路,施行鼻中隔—鼻骨整复矫正术.结果:13例患者术后均Ⅰ期愈合.所有患者术后随访3～12个月,鼻外形及鼻腔通气功能均恢复良好,未出现并发症.结论:鼻骨—鼻中隔联合整复矫正术可有效矫治C形歪鼻并鼻中隔偏曲,同时可改善鼻腔通气功能.     

应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下歪鼻矫正术

目的 探讨应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形的手术治疗方法.方法 对66例歪鼻畸形患者术前行螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态,了解歪鼻畸形的局部形成状况.先在鼻内镜下行鼻中隔偏曲的矫正术,后经鼻前庭前小切口在鼻内镜辅助下行歪鼻畸形矫正.结果 术后1周、1个月、3个月及半年后随访,观察外鼻形状,并测量其偏离值.66例歪鼻中矫正效果优为53例,良好为11例,不满意2例.结论 螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态可在术前充分了解歪鼻畸形局部及周围情况;采用鼻内镜能充分暴露骨折畸形愈合部位,避免破坏整体框架,使得手术创伤小,手术时间短,术后反应轻,皮肤坏死可能性减小等,因此应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形效果更具优势.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the endoscopy-assisted surgery for deviated nose with the preoperative 3-D CT reconstruction. Methods Sixty-six cases with deviated nose deformities underwent preoperative 3-D CT reconstruction. The deformities were showed in detail. The deviated nasal septum and deviated nose were corrected with the assistance of nasal endoscopy. Results The patients were visited after operation at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. The nose shape and nose deviation were measured. Among the 66 cases, satisfactory result was achieved in 53 cases, good in 11 cases,unsatisfactory in 2 cases. Conclusions Preoperative CT reconstruction is very help in understanding the deviated nose deformity. The rhinoplasty with nasal endoscopy has good exposure of the fracture deformity with less morbidity and side effect. The intraoperative time can be decreased also.     

Z-shaped asymmetric hump resection and unilateral osteotomy for treatment of deviated noses

Numerous techniques have been described to correct deviated nose deformities. This article discussed the Z-shaped asymmetric hump resection combined with unilateral osteotomy. Fifty-eight cases that we operated between 2003 and 2009 for deviated nose deformity were included in the study. In this study, septoplasty was performed in all patients, and hump was resected Z-shaped whereas osteotomy was carried out in a unilateral low to low fashion. Edema and periorbital ecchymosis were minimal on the nonosteotomy side in early postoperative period in all cases, and deviation was noted to be satisfactorily corrected in the late postoperative period. Three cases were reoperated in late stage for mucosal synechiae and 1 case for a new postoperative trauma (6.8% revision). Z-shaped asymmetric hump resection combined with unilateral osteotomy is one of the minimally traumatic methods that can safely be used to correct deviated nose.     

内窥镜下鼻-鼻中隔成形术治疗外伤性歪鼻

目的：探讨内窥镜下鼻-鼻中隔成形术治疗外伤性歪鼻。方法：自2003年8月～2008年5月,共收治外伤性歪鼻患者26例,男23例,女3例,年龄20～48岁,平均年龄31岁。应用内窥镜下鼻-鼻中隔成形术治疗外伤性歪鼻。结果：19例外形恢复正常,7例外形改善,总有效率100％。结论：内窥镜下鼻-鼻中隔成形术具有可视性,精确,微创,出血少,并发症少和疗效好等优点,具有广泛的临床应用前景。     

创伤性膈疝25例临床诊治体会

目的总结创伤性膈疝的临床诊断和早期治疗的经验,为减少误诊、漏诊及提高治愈率提供参考。方法对25例创伤性膈疝患者的临床资料与治疗经验进行总结分析,21例于伤后24 h内就诊,3例于伤后48h就诊;1例CT检查发现空腔脏器疝入胸腔,追问病史,2年前有外伤史。术前均完善胸片、胸腹部CT和胸腹部B超检查,术前均获确诊,确诊率100%。采用经胸手术14例,经腹手术8例,胸腹联合切口3例。疝内容物为肝3例,脾6例,胃7例,大网膜4例,结肠2例,其他3例。同时行肝修补术3例,行脾切除术6例,行胃肠破裂修补术13例。结果术中发现左侧膈疝23例,右侧膈疝2例。膈肌呈线性破裂20例,呈不规则破裂5例。膈肌破裂长度平均为7.6(4～16)cm。治愈23例,死亡2例,病死率8%。23例均获随访,平均随访时间28.5(6～40)个月,未见膈疝复发。结论创伤性膈疝多发生于严重胸腹部损伤,缺乏特异性临床表现,一经确诊应尽早手术治疗。修补膈肌裂口,及时正确地处理合并脏器伤是提高治愈率,降低死亡率的关键。     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: A Different Approach to the Reconstruction of the Stubborn Crooked Nose with a Different Spreader Graft: Nasal Bone Grafts Harvested from the Removed Nasal Hump

Background Correction of a crooked or deviated nose is a complex cosmetic and functional problem as well as a big challenge for the rhinoplasty surgeon. Although corrections using a wide range of surgical techniques to straighten the nose and maximize nasal function have been proposed, recurrence is very common because of cartilage memory and scar contracture. Therefore, to prevent recurrence and maintain the correction of the septum, a permanent support that is stable and strong with the ability to maintain its given shape after placement on one or both sides of the septum is needed. Methods The author used a nasal bone graft. In this study, the concept and technique for correction of the crooked nose and the author’s experience using it are presented. Results This graft material was used for 12 patients with crooked noses (8 with C-type and 4 with S-type noses). During a mean follow-up period of 20 months (range, 12–36 months), there were no complications, recurrences, or extrusions. Functional evaluations were performed using a visual analog scale before surgery and 6 months after surgery. Patients were asked to score their nasal breathing on a scale ranging from 0 to 100. The mean preoperative value was 17.67% ± 1.22% (range, 15–25%), and the postoperative value was 89.88% ± 1.24% (range, 85–95%). Conclusion Use of nasal bone grafts as the spreader graft is a safe, effective, reliable, and permanent method for correction of the crooked nose. The author advises using this technique with nasal bone grafts for functional recovery and increased strength against further trauma or forces of scar contracture. This technique may prevent recurrence attributable to cartilage memory.     

耳甲腔软骨联合膨体聚四氟乙烯矫治短鼻畸形

目的:探究耳甲腔软骨联合膨体聚四氟乙烯(Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene,e-PTFE)矫治短鼻畸形对鼻部外形的影响。方法:以2016年3月-2018年3月笔者医院收治的40例短鼻畸形患者为研究对象。所有患者均利用耳甲腔软骨联合e-PTFE进行手术矫正,术后随访半年。比较治疗前后患者鼻长度、鼻尖突出度、鼻面角、鼻唇角、鼻尖后旋角、随访结果及不同时间满意度。结果:患者术后鼻长度和鼻尖突出度均显著高于手术前,患者术后鼻面角显著高于手术前,鼻唇角和鼻尖后旋角均显著低于手术前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。40例患者术后6个月手术效果满意度达97.50%,无1例出现假体外露、皮肤破损、感染,1例出现鼻孔不对称,1例出现轻微鼻倾斜,术后第4个月给予矫正;另有1例出现鼻尖轻微肥大。结论:耳甲腔软骨联合e-PTFE可有效改善短鼻畸形患者鼻部外形,患者满意度较高,不良反应少,值得临床推广应用。