血清降钙素原浓度在败血症早期诊断中的临床应用价值

目的分析血清降钙素原在败血症早期诊断中的临床应用价值。方法选取东莞市厚街医院2012年1月至2014年10月收治的40例败血症患者作为观察组,同时选取20例非败血症患者作为对照组,分别取两组患者外周血清样本,检测血清降钙素原浓度,分析其在败血症早期诊断中的应用价值。结果败血症患者血清降钙素原(PCT)浓度均高于2.0 ng/ml,其中2.1~5.0 ng/ml者30例,5.1~10.0 ng/ml者8例,10.0 ng/ml者2例,败血症患者血清PCT浓度水平明显高于对照组(P0.05);本研究60例患者中血培养阳性组38例,阴性22例,阳性组血清PCT浓度水平均2.0 ng/ml,其整体血清浓度水平明显高于血培养阴性组(P0.05)。结论在败血症患者的早期诊断中,采取血清降钙素原检测方案兼具较高的敏感度与特异性,可为患者的早期治疗提供指导,值得推广。     

新生儿细菌感染患者的血降钙素原测定

目的：评价血清降钙素原（PCT）对新生儿细菌感染诊断的诊断价值。方法：用半定量固相免疫层析测定法检测39例足月健康新生儿及39例细菌感染新生儿血清降钙素原水平。结果：39例细菌感染组新生儿中血清PCT有26例〉0．5n ng/ml，7例〉2．0ng/ml，3例〉10ng／ml，3例〈0．5ng／ml，阳性率达92．3％。39例足月健康新生儿血清PET仅有1例〉0．5ng／ml，阳性率2．5％。细菌感染组与足月健康新生儿血清PCT有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：血清降钙素原测定可以作为新生儿细菌感染快速诊断的有效指标。     

血清降钙素原测定对感染性疾病的观察

目的探讨感染性疾病患者血清降钙素(PCT)原指标变化.方法运用B.R.A.H.M.SPCT-Q免疫胶体金半定量快速实验方法,检测310例感染性患者及50例健康者血清PCT水平.结果PCT水平按＜0.5ng/ml、0.5～2.0ng/ml、2.0～10.0ng/ml和＞10ng/ml 4个等级.设PCT＞0.5ng/ml为阳性值.在病毒感染性疾病组中,阳性为8.7%,其浓度以0.5～2.0ng/ml为主,细菌性感染组阳性为77.0%,其浓度以0.5～2.0ng/ml、2.0～10ng/ml为主,重度感染组(脓毒血症、MODS、全身炎性反应综合征等)阳性为97.6%,其浓度显著增高.与正常对照组及病毒感染组比较,细菌感染组及重度感染组血清PCT水平具有显著性差异(P＜0.001).结论病毒性感染疾病患者血清PCT水平不升高或轻度升高,而细菌性感染患者及重度感染患者血清PCT水平则明显升高,尤其以重度感染组患者为甚.     

降钙素原、C反应蛋白联合检测在新生儿败血症早期诊断中的价值

目的探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)联合血浆C反应蛋白(CRP)检测在早期诊断新生儿败血症中的临床意义。方法选取收治的58例新生儿败血症患儿(败血症组)和20例同期产科出生的足月健康新生儿(对照组)。采用散射比浊法和化学发光免疫法分别测定2组新生儿血浆CRP水平和血清PCT浓度。结果败血症组PCT[(24.13±20.37)vs(0.40±0.17)ng/ml,P<0.01]和CRP水平[(23.60±19.70)vs(3.70±1.60)mg/L,P<0.01]明显高于对照组;对新生儿败血症诊断的阳性预测值(69.24%vs46.75%,P<0.05)、特异性(60.03%vs50.08%,P<0.05)PCT高于CRP。二者联合检测诊断新生儿败血症的敏感性和特异性则是95.47%和71.23%。结论对于新生儿败血症,血清PCT联合CRP检测可作为早期诊断的重要指标。     

降钙素原在新生儿感染性疾病中的诊断价值分析

目的 了解降钙素原(PCT)在新生儿感染性疾病中的诊断价值,为临床诊治提供依据.方法 选择2005年1月～2007年1月收住院新生儿病房的168例新生儿为研究对象.并根据临床表现分为全身感染组、局部感染组、非感染组.所有患儿检测PCT,并作血培养.比较各组PCT水平.并以血培养结果为诊断全身感染的金标准,分析以PCT>0.5 ng/ml和>2 ng/ml为诊断标准时,对全身感染诊断的灵敏度与特异度.结果 ①严重感染组为41.12±12.89ng/ml,局部感染组为0.87±0.34 ng/ml,非感染组为0.28±0.13 ng/ml,三者经两两比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②分别以PCT＞0.5 ng/ml和＞2 ng/ml为诊断标准,二者的灵敏度均为100%,但是特异度分别为42.45%和90.57%.结论 PCT在全身感染新生儿中明显升高,以PCT＞2ng/ml为诊断标准时,诊断的灵敏度与特异度均较高.     

联合检测降钙素原和超敏C反应蛋白对新生儿败血症早期诊断的临床价值

目的:评价联合检测降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)和超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitiveC-reactive protein,hs-CRP)对新生儿败血症的早期诊断价值,并探讨血清含量与新生儿败血症疾病严重程度的相关性.方法:选取37例败血症新生儿(败血症组)、52例局部感染新生儿(局部感染组)和30例非感染新生儿(非感染组),分别采用免疫荧光法和散射免疫比浊法测定其血清中PCT和hs-CRP的含量.结果:败血症组患儿的hs-CRP和PCT血清水平均高于局部感染组患儿以及非感染组患儿(P<0.05),局部感染组患儿的PCT血清水平也显著高于非感染组患儿(P<0.05).分别以PCT≥2 ng/mL和hs-CRP≥10 mg/L为阳性标准,诊断新生儿败血症的敏感性和特异性分别为86.42%、60.02%和62.16%、50.07%,联合检测诊断新生儿败血症的敏感性和特异性则是95.62%和71.20%.败血症组患儿血清PCT水平与感染相关的器官衰竭评分呈正相关(P<0.05),与小儿危重病例评分呈负相关(P<0.05).结论:PCT和hs-CRP的联合检测能够提高对新生儿败血症早期诊断的临床应用价值,PCT值与新生儿败血症的严重程度呈正相关,动态监测PCT水平有助于评估疾病的治疗效果.     

超敏CRP和降钙素原联合检测在诊断儿童上呼吸道感染中的价值

收集186例上呼吸道感染的儿童血样,同时检测超敏CRP和降钙素原,同时采集120例正常儿童血样进行比较和统计学分析。结果病毒感染组hs-CRP结果为0.7±0.49ng/ml,阳性率为6.1%。PCT结果为0.61±0.23ng/ml,阳性率为10.1%。细菌感染组hs-CRP结果为5.1±4.3ng/ml,阳性率为94.8%,PCT结果为0.96±0.52ng/ml,阳性率为87.4%。细菌感染组的hs-CRP、PCT水平和阳性率与正常对照组相比明显升高,疾病感染组的hs-CRP和PCT水平与正常对照组比较升高不明显。二者联合检测可提高早期诊断水平。     

降钙素原、超敏C反应蛋白在新生儿败血症早期诊断中的意义

目的探讨血清降钙素原（PCT）和超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）检测在新生儿败血症早期诊断中的意义。方法分别采用半定量固相免疫层析法和免疫散射比浊法检测败血症新生儿及无并发症的母乳性黄疸的新生儿血液中PCT和hs-CRP水平。结果 58例败血症组新生儿中,PCT阳性53例,其阳性率为91.4%,hs-CRP阳性49例,阳性率为84.5%;与对照组相比,PCT和hs-CRP均升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 PCT、hs-CRP是诊断新生儿败血症快速而灵敏的检测指标,两者联合可用于新生儿败血症的早期诊断。     

血清降钙素原对社区获得性肺炎病原学检测及治疗的临床价值

目的:研究血清降钙素原(PCT)在社区获得性肺炎(CAP)病原学检测及治疗中的临床意义。方法:我院确诊CAP的病人共157例,所有病人入组时全部进行PCT检测以及细菌培养,分析血清PCT与细菌培养结果及与重症肺炎的关系。结果:PCT0.5 ng/ml组细菌培养阳性率明显高于PCT0.5 ng/ml组(67.4%29.2%,P0.05);重症肺炎组PCT值明显高于非重症肺炎组(2.2±0.6 ng/ml0.78±0.2 ng/ml,P0.05);重症肺炎组细菌培养阳性率明显高于非重症肺炎组(76.1%41.4%,P0.05)。结论:血清PCT水平有助于判断CAP的感染性质和指导抗生素的治疗,有利于评估病情的严重程度及预测预后。     

血清降钙素原的测定在儿童感染性疾病中的应用

目的探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)检测在儿童感染性疾病中的诊断价值。方法应用免疫荧光法检测40例细菌感染性疾病和40例病毒性感染性疾病患者血清中PCT的含量。并进行PCT水平等级分布卡方分析和比较。结果(1)细菌组病例的PCT水平高于病毒组病例的PCT水平。(2)两组PCT在等级水平<0.5ng/ml,≥2 ng/ml,≥10 ng/ml分布卡方检验都具有明显的统计学意义(P<0.001)。(3)在≥0.5和≤2 ng/ml等级水平,细菌性感染与病毒性感染PCT分布差异无统计学意义,表明在此等级水平,二者鉴别要慎重。结论PCT的检测有助于儿童患细菌感染性疾病和病毒性感染性疾疾病的鉴别诊断,值得临床推广应用。     

Comparison of procalcitonin with C-reactive protein and serum amyloid for the early diagnosis of bacterial sepsis in critically ill neonates and children

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate procalcitonin (PCT) as a diagnostic marker of bacterial sepsis in critically ill neonates and children and to compare the results of PCT with those of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid (SAA). DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective, observational study in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. PATIENTS: A total of 116 divided into four groups according to age and diagnosis: neonates (aged 3-30 days) with sepsis (n = 20), neonates without sepsis (n = 26), children (aged 2-12 years) with sepsis (n = 32), and children without sepsis (n = 38). INTERVENTIONS: Serum PCT, CRP, and SAA were measured on admission or when a bacterial sepsis was suspected. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, optimum predictive values, and optimum diagnostic cut off values were evaluated. RESULTS: Admission PCT was significantly higher in neonates and children with sepsis than in the other groups. In the neonates the area under the ROC curve was 0.99 for PCT, 0.95 for CRP, and 0.98 for SAA; in the children it was 1 for PCT, 0.93 for CRP, and 0.96 for SAA. Cutoff concentrations for optimum prediction of sepsis in the neonates were PCT > 6.1 ng/ml (diagnostic efficiency: 93.8%), CRP > 23.0 mg/l (89.7%), and SAA > 41.3 mg/l (95.3%); in the children they were PCT > 8.1 ng/ml (100%), CRP > 22.1 mg/l (89.8%), and SAA > 67.2 mg/l (94.4%). CONCLUSION: In critically ill children PCT concentration is a better diagnostic marker of sepsis than CRP and SAA. In critically ill neonates, however, PCT, CRP, and SAA are similar diagnostic markers of sepsis. A PCT concentration higher than 8.1 ng/ml identified all children with bacterial sepsis.     

降钙素原对脓毒症的早期诊断价值

目的　评价血清降钙素原 (PCT)在脓毒症 (Sepsis)病人早期诊断和治疗中的意义。方法　对重症监护病房 (ICU )内 160例危重病人进行前瞻性研究 ,按照全身炎症反应综合症 (SIRS)的定义 (ACCP/SCCM ) ,将病人分为四组 :对照组2 0例、SIRS组 5 0例、血培养阴性脓毒症组 46例、血培养阳性脓毒症组 44例。在入院第 1天记录每例病人的急性生理与慢性健康评分 (APACHE Ⅱscore)、临床和生理指标及血清PCT和C 反应蛋白 (CRP)浓度。结果　血清PCT浓度在脓毒症组与非脓毒症组之间存在显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 0 1) ,在血培养阳性脓毒症组与血培养阴性脓毒症组之间亦存在显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。而在对照组与SIRS组之间无显著性差异 (P >0 .5 )。血清PCT >2 .0ng/ml即可诊断脓毒症 ,其灵敏度和特异性分别为 93 .3 %和 10 0 % ,血清PCT >10ng/ml即可诊断菌血症 ,其灵敏度和特异性分别为 88.9%和85 .6%。结论　PCT是诊断脓毒症的一个新的主要指标之一。对ICU危重病人常规检测PCT有助于脓毒症的早期诊断和合理治疗。     

载酯蛋白A-I与急性呼吸道感染的关系

目的 探讨急性呼吸道感染患者血清载酯蛋白A-I(ApoA-I)变化及临床意义.方法 2006年12月至2007年7月入住上海交通大学附属第一人民医院急诊ICU及急诊观察室急性呼吸道感染患者为试验组(44例),根据降钙素原(PCT)的质量浓度进行分组,分为PCT＜0.5 ng/ml组,0.5ng/ml∧≤PCT＜2 ng/ml组,PCT≥2 ng/ml组.41例健康体检者为对照组.试验组和对照组均在入院24h内测定静脉血中ApoA-I、PCT、C反应蛋白(CRP)和白蛋白水平.统计学方法计量资料用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,应用SPSS 12.0软件进行统计学分析,计量资料的比较采用t检验及方差分析,相关性分析采用直线相关分析,P＜0.05为差异具有统计学意义.结果 随着PCT质量浓度增加,ApoA-I和血清白蛋白值越低而CRP值越高(P＜0.05).结论 ApoA-I与呼吸道感染的严重程度呈正相关,在较严重的呼吸道感染ApoA-I具有一定的诊断价值,表明这类患者存在脂质代谢紊乱.     

Diagnostic and prognostic value of procalcitonin in patients with septic shock

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether procalcitonin is a reliable diagnostic and prognostic marker in septic shock compared with nonseptic shock. DESIGN: Prospective controlled trial. SETTING: Intensive care unit of the Avicenne Teaching Hospital, Bobigny, France. PATIENTS: All patients admitted to our intensive care unit over a 12-month period with clinical evidence of shock. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Echocardiography or pulmonary artery flotation catheter measurements were used to assess hemodynamics, and multiple specimens were obtained for microbiological studies. Standard criteria were used to diagnose septic shock. Serum concentrations of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and lactate were determined on the day of shock onset (day 1) and on days 3, 7, and 10. Seventy-five patients were included, 62 in the septic shock group and 13 in the cardiogenic shock group. Serum procalcitonin on day 1 was significantly higher in patients with than without septic shock (median, 14 [0.3-767] ng/mL vs. 1 [0.5-36] ng/mL, p < .01). A cutoff value of 1 ng/mL had 95% sensitivity and 54% specificity for separating patients with and without sepsis. C-reactive protein failed to discriminate between these two groups. Among patients with sepsis, procalcitonin concentrations were significantly higher in those who died than in the survivors, at all four measurement time points (median, 16 [0.15-767] ng/mL vs. 6 [0.2-123] ng/mL, p = .045 on day 1; 6.5 [0.3-135] ng/mL vs. 1.05 [0.11-53] ng/mL, p = .02 on day 10). A cutoff value of 6 ng/mL on day 1 separated patients who died from those who survived with 87.5% sensitivity and 45% specificity. C-reactive protein was not helpful for predicting mortality. Serum lactate was a nonspecific prognostic marker. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that procalcitonin may be a valuable early diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with septic shock.     

降钙素原在典型病原菌及非典型病原菌致社区获得性肺炎的鉴别诊断研究

目的：通过测定典型病原菌及非典型病原菌致社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患者的血清降钙素原（PCT）水平,探讨其鉴别诊断的价值。方法回顾性分析222例CAP患者,根据病原菌的不同,分为典型病原菌组（139例）及非典型病原菌组（83例）两组,比较两组患者的PCT、CRP 及WBC,并绘制PCT和CRP的ROC曲线,根据曲线下面积评价其对上述两组病原菌所致CAP的鉴别诊断价值。结果典型病原菌组患者PCT水平为0.31 ng/ml（四分位数间距：0.10 ng/ml,2.58 ng/ml）,明显高于非典型病原菌组0.17 ng/ml（四分位数间距：0.08 ng/ml,0.66 ng/ml）（P＜0.05）;且两组患者PCT的阳性率比较有统计学意义（0.96比0.67）（P＜0.05）。绘制PCT鉴别CAP病原菌的ROC曲线,曲线下面积（AUC）为0.783,在临界值为0.95 ng/ml时,其敏感度为0.932,特异度为0.894。结论血清PCT测定有助于CAP病原菌的鉴别诊断,可作为初始选择抗生素治疗的依据。     

氯沙坦对兔颈动脉球囊损伤后血IL-1β和IL-10的影响

目的探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体（AT1）和拮抗剂（ARB）对抑制内膜增生的可能机制。方法12只新西兰白兔随机分为实验组和对照组,每组6只。实验组给予氯沙坦处理,采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）和放射免疫法检测两组颈动脉球囊损伤后的血清白细胞介素（IL-1β、IL-10）水平,并比较相关关系。结果血清IL-1β水平两组均于术后6h开始升高,48h达高峰,随后逐渐降至基线水平;但在6、24、48h及1周时对照组显著高于实验组。血清IL-10水平在整个实验过程中实验组均显著高于对照组（P均〈0.01）。血清IL-1β水平与IL-10水平无论在实验组还是对照组均无相关关系（r=-0.15,P=0.37;r=-0.28,P=0.10）。结论在动脉损伤后氯沙坦可以通过降低IL-1β和升高IL-10的血清水平来发挥抗炎作用,这可能是ARB抑制内膜增生的机制之一。     

Circulating 3,3', 5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3) in the human newborn.

Serum concentrations of 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3 rT3), 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T), and thyroxine (T4) were measured in cord blood and invenous blood samples obtained between 2 h and 30 days of postnatal life from healthy full-term newborn infants. The mean serum rT3 concentration of (mean plus or minus SE) 151 plus or minus 12 ng per 100 ml in 18 cord blood samples was significantly higher than the level (41 plus or minus 2 ng per 100 ml) in 27 normal adult sera; the corresponding mean serum T4 of 12.7 plus or minus 0.8 mug per 100 ml in cord blood also was significantly higher than that (8.6 plus or minus 1.9 mug per 100 ml) in 108 normal adults. By contrast, the mean serum T3 concentration in 15 cord blood samples, 24 plus or minus 3 mg per 100 ml, was significantly lower than the value of 126 plus or minus 3.2 ng per 100 ml measured in 108 normal adults. At 4 h of age the mean serum rT3 concentration (165 plus or minus 13 ng per 100 ml) in six newborns was 4ot significantly different from that in paired cord blood samples (194 plus or minus 25 ng per 100 ml); on the other hand, whenever, studied, the mean serum T3 and T4 levels were significantly higher at 4 h than at birth. The failure of serum rT3 concentrations to rise after delivery in response to the early neonatal thyrotropin (TSH) surge and at a time when serum T3 and T4 levels increase significantly prompted a study of the rT3 response to 10 IU of intramuscular TSH in three healthy adult subjects. Just as in the newborns, serum rT3 failed to rise appreciably in these subjects, even though serum T3 and T4 showed the expected increments. Serum rT3 concentrations in 1-4 day-old newborn infants did not differ significantly from values in the cord blood but were significantly lower in older neonates. The mean serum rT3 level in 5-7-day-old infants was higher than that in normal adults, but in 9-11 day and 20-30-day-old infants, mean rT3 values were statistically similar to the adult value. The mean serum T3 concentrations in neonates between 1-30 days old were either higher than or comparable to the values of normal adults. The mean serum T4 concentrations in neonates between birth and 30 days of age were significantly higher than the mean adult level. The mean serum rT3 to T4 ratios (rT3/T4) were elevated in 1-4-day-old neonates; the values in older neonates were similar to those in adults. These results suggest that (a) factors other than TSH are important modulators of serum rT3 in man; (b) high serum rT3 concentration in the newborn becomes comparable to that in the normal adult by 9-11 days of neonatal life.     

Procalcitonin as a marker of nosocomial infections in the neonatal intensive care unit

Objective To determine accuracy of procalcitonin concentrations for diagnosing nosocomial infections in critically ill neonates. Design Case-control study. Setting Neonatal intensive care unit of a teaching hospital. Patients Twenty-three neonates with nosocomial infection. Four controls matched for duration of hospital stay and birth date were chosen for each case patient. Measurements and results PCT concentrations were measured by the LUMItest procalcitonin kit at onset of signs of infection and after recovery. Range of PCT concentrations (ng/ml) was 2.0 to 249.1 in case patients and 0.08 to 1.0 in controls (sensitivity and specificity, 100%). PCT values returned to normal (<1.0 ng/ml) by day 3 to 7 of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Conclusions Measurement of PCT concentrations may be useful for early diagnosis and monitoring of infectious complications in neonates during their stay in the neonatal intensive care unit.     

Procalcitonin levels in patients with Lyme borreliosis

BACKGROUND: Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) procalcitonin levels were assessed and compared for different groups of patients with Lyme borreliosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 50 adult patients with Lyme borreliosis, referred to our department from March to June 2001, were included in this prospective study. Patients were divided into three groups. The first group consisted of 20 consecutive patients with typical solitary erythema migrans, representing early localised Lyme borreliosis, the second group comprised 20 patients with early disseminated Lyme borreliosis (10 with multiple erythema migrans and 10 with neuroborreliosis), and 10 patients with acrodermatitis chronica athrophicans represented the group with chronic Lyme borreliosis. Blood specimens were taken from all patients included in the study, but CSF samples were restricted to those with disseminated and chronic Lyme borreliosis. The serum and CSF procalcitonin levels were determined utilizing the LUMI PCT (an immunoluminometric assay using two antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies). RESULTS: Serum and CSF procalcitonin levels were in normal range in the large majority of patients. The levels of serum procalcitonin did not differ in the three groups of patients with Lyme borreliosis (p = 0.5006). The corresponding values for patients with solitary erythema migrans (early localised Lyme borreliosis), early disseminated Lyme borreliosis, and chronic Lyme borreliosis were 0.26 (0.11-0.43), 0.22 (0.10-0.67), and 0.28 (0.13-0.66) microgram/ml, respectively. Moreover, procalcitonin levels in CSF were also low and comparable for patients with multiple erythema migrans (median 0.38, range 0.24-0.54 microgram/ml), neuroborreliosis (median 0.16, range 0.10-0.47 microgram/ml), and acrodermatitis chronica athrophicans (median 0.30, range 0.15-0.45 microgram/ml). The differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.7579). CONCLUSIONS: In the large majority of patients with Lyme borreliosis procalcitonin values are within normal range. Serum and CSF procalcitonin levels are of no value for differentiation between early localised, early disseminated and chronic Lyme borreliosis.