大蒜对香烟诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核的抑制作用

目的　探讨大蒜对香烟诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核的抑制作用。方法　利用蚕豆根尖微核技术 ,对不同浓度香烟烟雾水溶物诱发蚕豆根尖微核进行了研究 ,并进一步研究了大蒜对诱变剂的抗诱变作用。结果　香烟烟雾水溶物 (0 .5～ 4支 10 0ml)能显著诱发蚕豆根尖微核的形成 (P <0 .0 1) ,并呈明显的剂量效应 ;香烟烟雾水溶物加入大蒜蒜汁处理蚕豆根尖 ,微核率显著降低 ,与阳性组比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　大蒜蒜汁具有良好的抗香烟诱变能力。     

茶多酚表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯对红细胞膜的促氧化作用

目的：研究表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯（Epigal-locatechin gallate,EGCG）对人红细胞膜的促氧化作用及其分子机制.方法：采用人红细胞膜作为体外实验模型,观察经EGCG处理后细胞形态、膜巯基含量及膜蛋白电泳谱的变化,并与对苯醌的作用进行比较.结果：EGCG可诱导红细胞产生形变和聚集,但这种作用与其促氧化作用无关.在对分离的红细胞膜作用时,EGCG和对苯醌均表现出明显的促氧化作用,降低膜蛋白巯基含量水平,并诱导膜蛋白聚集.结论：EGCG可对红细胞膜产生促氧化作用,这种作用与其在氧化过程中产生的醌式中间体有关.     

综合征简介

酒精中毒高脂血症溶血综合征(Zieves'Syndrome) 本征系指慢性酒精中毒患者出现黄疸、高脂血症和溶血性贫血三大主征的一组病征而言的。本征病因机理目前尚未完全明了,仅能就三大主征分述如下——黄疸:与酒精中毒损害肝细胞有关,致使胆汁瘀滞,甚有明显梗阻性黄疸。高脂血症:反映出胆汁阻滞的特征,即脂质分布显示磷脂质和胆固醇的比率明显增高。溶血性贫血:本征患者的红细胞对渗透压抵抗力减低。溶血的原因是血清脂质异常导致红细胞膜的脂质组成发生改变,使膜功能发生缺陷,于是脆     

抗氧化剂对皂苷溶血作用的影响

目的 研究麦冬总皂苷、人参总皂苷和生脉散的溶血作用及抗氧化剂对溶血的影响。方法 以氰化高铁血红蛋白法测定血红蛋白含量结合红细胞形态学观察。结果 人参总皂苷不溶血,麦冬总皂苷和生脉散溶,血溶血强度与皂苷浓度呈剂量依赖性,加入皂苷后红细胞有形态学改变。葡萄糖及抗氧化剂甘露醇和VitE能减轻皂苷的溶血作用。结论 皂苷溶血作用强弱与其所含皂苷的种类有关,并部分与增强红细胞膜的脂质过氧化有关。     

香烟烟雾对气道糖皮质激素受体表达及黏液分泌的影响

目的：探讨香烟烟雾及提取物对大鼠肺及A549细胞糖皮质激素受体（ GR）表达和黏液分泌的影响。方法采用香烟和香烟提取物（CSE）分别诱导大鼠动物模型和A549细胞模型。运用HE染色观察正常大鼠（正常对照组）和熏烟大鼠（模型组）肺组织病理改变,运用Western blot 法检测大鼠肺组织细胞核和细胞质内GR及HDAC2的表达情况,运用MTT法观察CSE对A549细胞存活率的影响,荧光定量PCR检测细胞内MUC5AC和HDAC2的mRNA含量,免疫荧光法观察细胞内GR的分布和表达。结果 HE染色提示模型组较正常对照组肺泡壁毛细血管扩张、充血,泡腔内充盈大量浆液性渗出物;模型组肺组织细胞核和细胞质中GR表达量明显减少（ P＜0.05）,HDAC2表达明显减少（P＜0.05）。 CSE对A549细胞活性的影响呈时间－浓度依赖的趋势,且10％CSE作用24 h可显著降低A549细胞存活率（P＜0.01）;5％CSE作用A549细胞8 h可明显减少HDAC2和MUC5AC的mRNA表达量（ P＜0.01）。免疫荧光结果提示5％CSE可导致A549细胞GR表达减少,且细胞核中变化更加明显。结论香烟烟雾可减少肺组织及肺上皮细胞内GR的表达,并增加黏蛋白MUC5AC的分泌,其机制可能与香烟烟雾减少GR对MUC5AC的转录抑制机制有关。     

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏红细胞膜唾液酸含量的改变

目的 :测定葡萄糖 - 6 -磷酸脱氢酶 (G6PD)缺乏时红细胞膜唾液酸的含量 ,以进一步了解G6PD缺乏溶血的机理 .方法 :以G6PD缺乏红细胞为研究对象 ,按常规方法分离红细胞膜 ,酸水解得到膜唾液酸 .利用反相高效液相色谱 -荧光法测定G6PD缺乏红细胞膜唾液酸的含量 .结果 :G6PD缺乏红细胞膜唾液酸含量明显低于正常红细胞 ,P <0 0 1.结论 :随着膜脂质过氧化作用和非酶糖基化的发展 ,唾液酸含量下降 ,从而导致膜表面负电荷减少 ,红细胞聚集 ,诱导红细胞形成缗线状红细胞簇 ,变形能力下降 ,并且使膜糖蛋白和糖脂次末端的半乳糖残基暴露 ,红细胞易被巨噬细胞识别并吞噬 .因此 ,红细胞膜唾液酸含量下降 ,可能是G6PD缺乏红细胞溶血的原因之一 .     

血清磷脂和β-脂蛋白的测定方法介绍

<正> 血清中包含多种磷脂:卵磷脂占总量60～70%,(神经)鞘磷脂占15～20%,脑磷脂占5～8%,此外还有少量的溶血卵磷脂等。同位素研究证明,血清磷脂来源于肝脏。一般认为磷脂是组成脂蛋白的一种重要组分,对肝脏合成的甘油三酯和胆固醇的转运起着重要的作用.因此,血清中胆固醇含量增加会导致磷脂含量的升高。如果磷脂水平降低,则胆固醇可贮存于网状内皮细胞,     

麝香的药理研究：Ⅲ.麝香抗炎作用原理

麝香水溶物可降低大鼠肾上腺内丙种维生素(VC)含量、提高外周血皮质酮含量,切除肾上腺其抗炎作用消失,但切除垂体其抗炎作用依然存在,说明肾上腺与麝香水溶物的抗炎作用密切相关。麝香水溶物能抑制血小板聚集。提高血浆cAMP水平的这些作用与非甾体抗炎药相似;但麝香水溶物能增强615小鼠免疫溶血反应的作用,提示其可能通过免疫调节而发挥抗炎作用。     

香烟烟雾提取物致小鼠骨髓细胞微核作用研究

我们以前的研究已证实香烟烟雾二甲基亚砜(DMSO)提取物可致小鼠生殖细胞染色体损伤[1],同时小鼠体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平升高[2],认为香烟烟雾提取物可加剧小鼠体内的过氧化过程,并因此导致生殖细胞突变,对其后代的健康带来可能的威胁.香烟烟雾DMSO提取物加剧过氧化作用也可能作用于体细胞的遗传物质,并导致其损伤.因此,我们对香烟烟雾DMSO提取物致小鼠骨髓细胞微核的产生情况进行了研究,报告如下.     

腺病毒介导MnSOD基因转染对香烟烟雾提取物致内皮细胞氧化损伤及凋亡的影响

目的探讨香烟烟雾提取物(CSE)对内皮细胞氧化损伤及凋亡的影响,腺病毒介导锰超氧化物岐化酶(MnSOD)基因转染内皮细胞后,能否部分抑制CSE致内皮细胞的氧化损伤及凋亡。方法体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞株(ECV304),质粒转染MnSOD基因后将内皮细胞分为3组:对照组、空质粒组及MnSOD组,同时分别给予0%、5%及10%CSE刺激。收集不同CSE浓度刺激后的培养上清液和细胞爬片,TBA法检测上清丙二醛(MDA)浓度,TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡率。结果(1)CSE刺激对照组内皮细胞,可致MDA浓度增加和细胞凋亡,存在CSE浓度和时间依赖性。(2)与空质粒组比较,CSE刺激后MnSOD组MDA含量和凋亡减少,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论(1)CSE能导致内皮细胞氧化损伤及凋亡。(2)腺病毒介导MnSOD基因可以部分抑制香烟烟雾提取物致内皮细胞氧化损伤及凋亡。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.