2007 - 2018年常州市食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学特征分析

目的 了解2007 - 2018年常州市食源性疾病爆发的流行特征,为预防和控制食源性疾病暴发提供资料。方法 对2007 - 2018年上报于全国食源性疾病监测系统中常州市食源性疾病暴发事件进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2007 - 2018年常州市共发生食源性疾病暴发事件59起,发病人数965人,无死亡病例。食源性疾病暴发高峰主要在6 - 8月和9 - 11月,分别占事件发生总数的44.1%（26/59）和27.1%（16/59）;场所主要为餐饮服务单位及集体食堂,分别占事件发生总数的61.0%（36/59）和32.2%（19/59）。26起食源性疾病暴发事件原因食品查明,查明率为44.1%（26/59）,其中动物类食品、植物类食品主要的原因食品,分别占事件发生总数的27.2%（16/59）、11.9%（7/59）。在动物类食品和植物类食品中,细菌是主要致病因素,分别占两类食品的81.3%和57.1%。35起暴发事件查明致病因素,查明率为59.3%（35/59）,微生物、毒素、化合物分别为50.8%（30/59）、5.1%（3/59）和3.4%（2/59）,其中副溶血性弧菌是主要致病因子,占食源性疾病爆发事件的35.6%（21/59）。食源性疾病暴发主要的引发原因是加工不当。结论 副溶血性弧菌是引起常州市食源性疾病暴发的主要致病因子,应加强致病微生物所致的食源性疾病暴发事件的监测。     

Novel Outbreak-Associated Food Vehicles,United States

Novel outbreak-associated food vehicles (i.e., foods not implicated in past outbreaks) can emerge as a result of evolving pathogens and changing consumption trends. To identify these foods, we examined data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System and found 14,216 reported outbreaks with information on implicated foods. We compared foods implicated in outbreaks during 2007–2016 with those implicated in outbreaks during 1973–2006. We identified 28 novel food vehicles, of which the most common types were fish, nuts, fruits, and vegetables; one third were imported. Compared with other outbreaks, those associated with novel food vehicles were more likely to involve illnesses in multiple states and food recalls and were larger in terms of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths. Two thirds of novel foods did not require cooking after purchase. Prevention efforts targeting novel foods cannot rely solely on consumer education but require industry preventive measures.     

2010—2019年云南省昭通市食源性疾病暴发情况分析

目的 了解2010—2019年云南省昭通市食源性疾病暴发情况,为昭通市预防和控制食源性疾病暴发提供决策依据。方法 对食源性疾病暴发监测系统中2010—2019年度报告的昭通市食源性疾病暴发进行描述性分析。结果 昭通市2010—2019年报告食源性疾病暴发82起,累计发病2 060人,死亡40人;2016年暴发数最多,共12起(14.63%)。7～10月是昭通市食源性疾病暴发的高发月份,家庭是食源性疾病暴发主要的发生场所,占63.41%。问题食品主要为野生菌,引起食源性疾病暴发39起(47.56%),食用野生菌死亡26人,占死亡人数的65.00%。误食误用是主要的致病环节,引发47起(57.31%)。结论 夏秋季是昭通市食源性疾病暴发事件的高发季节,野生菌是主要的致病食品和致病因素。误饮误食是主要致病环节,家庭是主要场所。建议加强食用野生菌的鉴别、加工方法等为主要的内容的食源性疾病健康教育,加强单位、学校、托幼机构等集体食堂和农村宴席等重点场所食品安全监管,在食源性疾病暴发高发季节及时发布预警干预等工作。     

Emerging foodborne diseases: an evolving public health challenge.

The epidemiology of foodborne disease is changing. New pathogens have emerged, and some have spread worldwide. Many, including Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, and Yersinia enterocolitica, have reservoirs in healthy food animals, from which they spread to an increasing variety of foods. These pathogens cause millions of cases of sporadic illness and chronic complications, as well as large and challenging outbreaks over many states and nations. Improved surveillance that combines rapid subtyping methods, cluster identification, and collaborative epidemiologic investigation can identify and halt large, dispersed outbreaks. Outbreak investigations and case-control studies of sporadic cases can identify sources of infection and guide the development of specific prevention strategies. Better understanding of how pathogens persist in animal reservoirs is also critical to successful long-term prevention. In the past, the central challenge of foodborne disease lay in preventing the contamination of human food with sewage or animal manure. In the future, prevention of foodborne disease will increasingly depend on controlling contamination of feed and water consumed by the animals themselves.     

2014年山东省食源性疾病暴发监测资料分析

目的 了解山东省食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学特征,为制定食源性疾病预防控制措施提供依据。 方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,对2014年通过国家食源性疾病暴发报告系统上报的98起食源性疾病暴发事件进行整理分析。 结果 2014年共发生食源性疾病暴发事件98起,发病人数1 238人,死亡4人。5-9月是食源性疾病暴发高峰期,事件数和患病人数分别占总数的73.47%和83.28%;不明食品引起的暴发事件数最多,占总数的36.73%,在已经查明原因的暴发事件中,微生物是引起食源性疾病暴发事件数的主要因素;发生在餐饮服务场所的事件数最多,其次为家庭;在已经查明引发环节的暴发事件中,生产加工及误食误用是引起食源性疾病暴发事件的主要因素。63起事件由食源性疾病的哨点医院发现并报告,占全年事件报告总数的64.29%。 结论 加强对高发季节、高发因素、高发污染环节的监控;加强食源性疾病暴发事件的调查处置;加大防控食源性疾病暴发事件的宣传力度等,是预防和控制食源性疾病暴发事件的有效措施。     

Recency-Weighted Statistical Modeling Approach to Attribute Illnesses Caused by 4 Pathogens to Food Sources Using Outbreak Data,United States

Foodborne illness source attribution is foundational to a risk-based food safety system. We describe a method for attributing US foodborne illnesses caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157, Listeria monocytogenes, and Campylobacter to 17 food categories using statistical modeling of outbreak data. This method adjusts for epidemiologic factors associated with outbreak size, down-weights older outbreaks, and estimates credibility intervals. On the basis of 952 reported outbreaks and 32,802 illnesses during 1998–2012, we attribute 77% of foodborne Salmonella illnesses to 7 food categories (seeded vegetables, eggs, chicken, other produce, pork, beef, and fruits), 82% of E. coli O157 illnesses to beef and vegetable row crops, 81% of L. monocytogenes illnesses to fruits and dairy, and 74% of Campylobacter illnesses to dairy and chicken. However, because Campylobacter outbreaks probably overrepresent dairy as a source of nonoutbreak campylobacteriosis, we caution against using these Campylobacter attribution estimates without further adjustment.     

Foodborne Illness,Australia, Circa 2000 and Circa 2010

Foodborne disease is a major public health problem worldwide. To examine changes in foodborne illness in Australia, we estimated the incidence, hospitalizations, and deaths attributed to contaminated food circa 2010 and recalculated estimates from circa 2000. Approximately 25% of gastroenteritis cases were caused by contaminated food; to account for uncertainty we used simulation techniques to estimate 90% credible intervals. We estimate that circa 2010, 4.1 million foodborne gastroenteritis cases occurred, and circa 2000, 4.3 million cases occurred. Circa 2010, contaminated food was estimated to be responsible for 30,840 gastroenteritis-associated hospitalizations, 76 associated deaths, and 5,140 nongastrointestinal illnesses. Cases of salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis increased from 2000 to 2010 and were the leading causes of gastroenteritis-associated hospitalizations; Listeria monocytogenes and nontyphoidal Salmonella spp. infections were the leading causes of death. Although the overall incidence of foodborne illnesses declined over time in Australia, cases of foodborne gastroenteritis are still common.Keywords: foodborne illness, foodborne disease, gastroenteritis, epidemiology, estimate, incidence, hospitalization, death, norovirus, salmonella, campylobacter, toxin, bacteria, parasites, viruses, AustraliaFoodborne illness is a major public health problem and a common cause of illness and death worldwide. Outbreaks linked to contaminated food can affect the public’s trust and financially harm implicated businesses and associated food industries. Estimates of the effects of foodborne illnesses and individual pathogens provide evidence for policy interventions and food safety regulation. In addition, estimates of changes in the incidence of foodborne illnesses and hospitalizations over time provide information on the effectiveness of changes to food safety standards and regulation.Many agents can cause foodborne illness; some of these agents are transmitted to humans by other routes as well as by food. Most foodborne illnesses manifest as gastroenteritis, but other presentations, such as meningitis and hepatitis may also result from infection, and sequelae may occur weeks after the acute infection.Many countries have estimated the incidence of foodborne diseases (1–5). In Australia in 2000, foodborne incidence, hospitalizations, and deaths were estimated to cost 1.25 billion Australian dollars annually (6,7). However, since 2000, surveillance has substantially improved, data availability has increased, and methods have been refined. To inform current public health decisions and policies in Australia, we used new methods and datasets to estimate the incidence of infectious gastroenteritis and associated hospitalizations and deaths in Australia circa 2010. We then applied these refined methods to circa 2000 data so that estimates from the 2 periods could be directly compared.     

Major foodborne illness causing viruses and current status of vaccines against the diseases

Even though viruses, unlike bacteria, cannot grow in or on foods, foodborne illnesses are associated with viruses due to contamination of the fresh produce or processed food by virus-containing fecal material. The commonly reported major foodborne illnesses are due to Noroviruses, hepatitis A and E viruses, rotaviruses, and astroviruses. Among all illnesses caused by foodborne pathogens, recent estimates of as high as 67% have been attributed to viruses alone, and an upward trend in the of transmission of viruses by food and water has been recently acknowledged. Due to the highly infectious nature of these viruses and their survival under drastic conditions such as high acidic pH and low temperatures, it has long been recognized that immunization against such pathogens is the ideal solution to provide protection against the illness and disease outbreaks associated with these viruses. With an increased recognition of the clinical significance and impact of acute viral illness associated with food and water in humans of all ages, there has been a recent surge in developing prophylactic vaccines against such viruses. So far, except for hepatitis A virus, there are no vaccines available to prevent illness associated with foodborne viruses. Outbreaks of hepatitis A have been significantly reduced due to widespread immunization of some risk groups. It is clear from the literature that novel strategies currently in development may lead to vaccines against noroviruses and rotaviruses in the near future, offering hope that such vaccines will significantly reduce the burden associated with foodborne illnesses associated with these viruses.     

Monitoring the incidence and causes of diseases potentially transmitted by food in Australia: annual report of the OzFoodNet Network, 2009

In 2009, OzFoodNet sites reported 27,037 notifications of 9 diseases or conditions that are commonly transmitted by food. The most frequently notified infections were Campylobacter (15,973 notifications) and Salmonella (9,533 notifications). Public health authorities provided complete serotype and phage type information on 92% of all Salmonella infections in 2009. The most common Salmonella serotype notified in Australia during 2009 was Salmonella Typhimurium, and the most common phage type was S. Typhimurium 170/108. During 2009, OzFoodNet sites reported 1,820 outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness, which affected 36,426 people and resulted in 1240 people being hospitalised. There were 118 deaths during these outbreaks. The majority (82%, 1496/1820) of outbreaks were due to person-to-person spread, 9% (163/1820) were suspected or confirmed to have been transmitted by contaminated food and 9% (161/1820) were due to either waterborne transmission or outbreaks with an unknown mode of transmission. Foodborne outbreaks affected 2679 persons including 342 hospitalisations. Eight deaths were reported during these foodborne outbreaks. Salmonella was the most common aetiological agent in foodborne outbreaks and restaurants were the most common setting where foods were prepared. Eighteen outbreaks were related to dishes containing raw or undercooked eggs; the majority (n=14) due to various phage types of S. Typhimurium. This report summarises the incidence of disease potentially transmitted by food in Australia and details outbreaks associated with various food vehicles in 2009. These data assist agencies to identify emerging sources of disease, develop food safety policies, and prevent foodborne illness.     

Risk-based estimate of effect of foodborne diseases on public health, Greece

The public health effects of illness caused by foodborne pathogens in Greece during 1996-2006 was quantified by using publicly available surveillance data, hospital statistics, and literature. Results were expressed as the incidence of different disease outcomes and as disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a health indicator combining illness and death estimates into a single metric. It has been estimated that each year ≈370,000 illnesses/million inhabitants are likely caused because of eating contaminated food; 900 of these illnesses are severe and 3 fatal, corresponding to 896 DALY/million inhabitants. Ill-defined intestinal infections accounted for the greatest part of reported cases and 27% of the DALY. Brucellosis, echinococcosis, salmonellosis, and toxoplasmosis were found to be the most common known causes of foodborne illnesses, being responsible for 70% of the DALY. Overall, the DALY metric provided a quantitative perspective on the impact of foodborne illness that may be useful for prioritizing food safety management targets.     

2016—2020年河南省家庭内食源性疾病暴发事件分析

目的 了解河南省家庭内食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学特征,为预防控制措施和政策制定提供依据。方法 通过食源性疾病暴发事件上报系统收集2016—2020年河南省报告的家庭内暴发事件的数据进行统计分析。结果 2016—2020年河南省共报告发生在家庭内的食源性疾病事件144起,发病人数597人,住院人数304人,死亡人数6人。5-8月份是家庭食源性疾病事件的高发期。导致家庭食源性疾病事件的主要原因食品为植物类,合计占总上报事件数的56.25%。在查明致病因素的事件中,引发家庭内食源性疾病事件最多的致病因素为毒蘑菇,占总事件数的20.14%。引发死亡人数最多的致病因素是亚硝酸盐,占总死亡人数的50%。引发家庭食源性疾病事件最多的原因环节因素是误食误用,占总事件数的34.72%。对查明原因的主要食品与致病因素的事件进行分析,以菌类及其制品中因毒蘑菇引起的事件数最多,占45.31%,其次是粮食类食品-亚硝酸盐,占9.38%。结论 建议进一步加强食品安全宣传教育,提高人们对毒蘑菇和亚硝酸盐危害的认识,相关部门要加强市场上该类别食品的监督检查,提高食源性疾病的医疗救治能力。     

2006年中国食源性疾病暴发的监测资料分析

目的分析2006年中国食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学特征。方法对全国食源性疾病监测网收集的2006年食源性疾病资料进行统计分析。结果2006年,18个监测地区共上报594起食源性疾病暴发事件,累计发病13849人,死亡67人。在病因清楚的事件中,微生物引起的食源性疾病暴发事件数和患者数最多,分别占48.3%和63.3%;化学物引起的暴发事件数和患者数分别占24.8%和15.5%;动植物引起的暴发事件数和患者数分别占23.5%和17.7%。结论全国食源性疾病监测网发现,微生物性食源性疾病是中国重要的公共卫生问题,今后仍然需要强化食源性疾病的报告意识。     

2016—2020年滨州市食源性疾病暴发事件监测分析

目的 分析滨州市2016—2020年食源性疾病暴发事件发生的流行病学特征,为发现食源性疾病的预警和防控提供理论依据。方法 收集食源性疾病暴发监测系统中2016—2020年滨州市食源性疾病暴发事件数据,并对监测到的事件进行描述性流行病学特征分析。结果 2016—2020年滨州市共发生食源性疾病暴发事件234起,共暴露11 299人,发病1 276人,无死亡病例。食源性疾病暴发事件每年的发生高峰期均为第三季度,占总起数的55.13% (129/234);家庭是食源性疾病暴发的主要发生场所,占总起数的50.43% (118/234)。报告明确或可疑致病因素的55起事件中由有毒动植物及其毒素类引起的占43.64%(24/55);在查明原因食品的221起事件中,可以明确的暴露食品主要归为动物类食品87起(39.37%)。导致暴发的污染环节多是由两种或三种以上因素混合引起的,单纯引发因素以加工不当为主。结论 滨州市食源性疾病暴发事件集中在夏秋季节,高发场所为家庭,重点防控因素为有毒动植物及其毒素类。针对本市食源性疾病暴发流行病学特征,针对性地开展食品安全知识宣教工作,提高监测预警能力,降低食源性疾病事件的发生。     

2016—2020年江苏省副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病事件流行病学分析

目的 分析2016—2020年江苏省副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病事件流行病学特征,提出相关建议。方法 通过国家食源性疾病暴发监测系统,收集汇总2016—2020年江苏省副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病事件数据,并进行描述性流行病学特征分析。结果 2016—2020年江苏省共发生267起副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病事件,发病4807人,死亡0人,总罹患率为7.46%,5年罹患率为6.38%～8.39%,差异有统计学意义（x²=56.412,P＜0.010）。1月份和12月份未出现食源性疾病事件,第三季度高发,主要以8月份最明显,第三季度暴发事件数为180起（占67.42%）,发病人数为2955人（占61.47%）,罹患率为8.45%,大于1、2、4季度的平均罹患率（7.29%）,差异有统计学意义（x²=49.096,P＜0.010）;事件数最多的地区依次为苏州市、无锡市和南京市;暴发场所分布主要集中在宾馆饭店共114起（占42.70%）,其次集中在农村宴席和单位食堂,事件数分别为78起（占29.21%）和23起（占8.61%）;动物类食品是食源性疾病事件的主要原因食品（占45.69%）,其中以水产品为主（占31.09%）,其次为肉与肉制品（占14.23%）;加工不当是引发事件主要原因因素,事件数为108起（占40.45%）,其次分别为原料（辅料）污染或变质和交叉污染,事件数分别为37起（占13.86%）和35起（13.11%）。结论 全年中第三季度是副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病事件高发时间,水产品中副溶血性弧菌检出率高,为副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病事件的高风险食品,应加强对该类食品的日常监测与管理,进一步加强食源性疾病监测,增进群众食品安全方面知识的宣传教育,从而有效预防或减少副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病事件的发生。     

Foodborne illness acquired in the United States--unspecified agents

Each year, 31 major known pathogens acquired in the United States caused an estimated 9.4 million episodes of foodborne illness. Additional episodes of illness were caused by unspecified agents, including known agents with insufficient data to estimate agent-specific illness, known agents not yet recognized as causing foodborne illness, substances known to be in food but of unproven pathogenicity, and unknown agents. To estimate these additional illnesses, we used data from surveys, hospital records, and death certificates to estimate illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths from acute gastroenteritis and subtracted illnesses caused by known gastroenteritis pathogens. If the proportions acquired by domestic foodborne transmission were similar to those for known gastroenteritis pathogens, then an estimated 38.4 million (90% credible interval [CrI] 19.8-61.2 million) episodes of domestically acquired foodborne illness were caused by unspecified agents, resulting in 71,878 hospitalizations (90% CrI 9,924-157,340) and 1,686 deaths (90% CrI 369-3,338).     

Seafood-associated disease outbreaks in New York, 1980-1994.

BACKGROUND: Seafood-associated disease outbreaks in New York were examined to describe their epidemiology and to identify areas for prevention and control efforts. METHODS: We reviewed reports submitted to the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) of seafood-associated outbreaks occurring from January 1, 1980, through December 31, 1994. RESULTS: During 1980-1994, 339 seafood-associated outbreaks were reported, resulting in 3959 illnesses, 76 hospitalizations, and 4 deaths. During this period, seafood-associated outbreaks accounted for 19% of all reported foodborne outbreaks and 10% of foodborne illnesses. Shellfish, the most frequently implicated seafood item, accounted for 64% of seafood outbreaks, followed by finfish (31% of outbreaks). Of the 148 seafood-associated outbreaks with a confirmed etiologic agent, Norwalk virus and scombrotoxin were the most frequently identified agents: Norwalk virus accounted for 42% of outbreaks and 42% of illnesses, and scombrotoxin accounted for 44% of outbreaks and 19% of illnesses. Three of the 4 seafood-associated deaths were caused by Clostridium botulinum; the remaining death was caused by Vibrio vulnificus. CONCLUSIONS: Reducing the number of seafood outbreaks will require continued and coordinated efforts by many different agencies, including those involved with water quality; disease surveillance; consumer education; and seafood harvesting, processing, and marketing. New York's foodborne disease surveillance data highlight potential areas on which to focus prevention efforts, including: (1) commodities and associated pathogens causing the largest number of seafood-associated outbreaks and illnesses, namely shellfish-associated viral gastroenteritis and finfish-associated scombroid fish poisoning, and (2) venues at which seafood were most frequently consumed in reported outbreaks, such as commercial food establishments and catered events.     

Food safety: Review and Implications for Dietitians and Dietetic Technicians

Section 103 (d) of the Americans with Disabilities Act directs the secretary of health and human services to identify, publish, and annually review a list of pathogens transmitted via food contaminated by infected food handlers. The secretary is also directed to publish means by which diseases on the list are transmitted. The intent of the list is to protect disabled food handlers when they become ill and to provide managers with information for determining when to remove or reassign disabled food handlers who have infectious or communicable diseases to jobs that do not involve handling food. Pathogens often transmitted via food contaminated by infected food handlers are Salmonella lyphi, Shigella species, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, hepatitis A virus, and the Norwalk and Norwalk-like viruses. This article discusses section 103 (d) and for each of the six pathogens describes characteristics and growth requirements, types of foods involved in outbreaks, factors that contribute to foodborne outbreaks, and prevention and control measures. Human beings are the only reservoir of Sal typhi. The source of Shigella species is the intestinal tract of human beings and other primates. Human beings are the common reservoir of Staph aureus and Strep pyogenes. Staph aureus is frequently found in the nose and on the skin of healthy people, whereas Strep pyogenes is carried in the throat of infected or asymptomatic carriers. Foodborne viruses of public health concern originate in the human intestine. Foods that favor the multiplication of Sal typhi are often foods that require no cooking. Many outbreaks of foodborne disease attributed to Shigella species and viruses have been associated with salads. Moist, high-protein, and salty foods that have been cooked are most often involved in outbreaks of staphylococcal foodborne illness. Foods usually implicated in Strep pyogenes outbreaks are predominately composed of milk, eggs, or meat. Dietitians and dietetic technicians can use three approaches to reduce the incidence of foodborne disease attributed to food handlers: conducting training and education programs, implementing a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points system, and supporting certification of foodservice managers. J Am Diet Assoc. 1996; 96:163–168,171.     

FilmArray GI-panel performance for the rapid and multiple detection of gastrointestinal microorganisms in foodborne illness outbreaks in Shenzhen during 2018–2019

Foodborne illness outbreaks can be caused by a great many of gastrointestinal microorganisms including bacteria, viruses and parasites. Acute gastroenteritis is most commonly found in such patients infected with at least one pathogen through food intake. The stool culture has been conventionally used to guide a single diagnosis and therapy. However, traditional methods for identification of a pathogen are time-consuming and have limited sensitivity, leading to false negatives and co-infection omission. The aim of this study was to characterize the multiple etiology of each foodborne illness outbreak in Shenzhen during 2018–2019 by the FilmArray GI panel, and to reveal the seasonality of each causative organism incurring outbreaks. All patients included had a FilmArray GI panel performance and the seasonal characteristics were recorded. A total of 173 patients suffered from foodborne illnesses in 32 outbreaks in Nanshan District of Shenzhen. In total, 365 microorganisms were detected of which 83.8% (306/365) corresponded to bacteria and 16.2% (59/365) to viruses. Co-infections with more than one microorganism were detected in 81.3% (26/32) of the outbreaks. In 153 (88.4%) of 173 patients at least two pathogens were identified. The most common diarrheal pathogen related to outbreaks was EPEC (56%), followed by ETEC (38%), Norovirus (34%), EAEC (28%), Vibrio (25%), Salmonella (22%), P. shigelloides (22%), C. difficile (16%), STEC (3%) and Sapovirus (3%). Bacterial outbreaks occurred with a seasonal distribution with the exception of C. difficile whereas Norovirus outbreaks predominated during the autumn–winter months. The use of the FilmArray GI panel has given us worthy information regarding the epidemiology of pathogens detected in patients with acute diarrhea. It also highlights the importance of multi-pathogen infections and the frequency of diarrheogenic E. coli in foodborne disease outbreaks. More significantly, the rapid and multiple findings may help quickly taking an appropriate precaution, control and treatment.     

Preliminary FoodNet data on the incidence of foodborne illnesses--selected sites,United States, 2002

In the United States, an estimated 76 million persons contract foodborne illnesses each year. CDC's Emerging Infections Program Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) collects data on 10 foodborne diseases in nine U.S. sites. FoodNet follows trends in foodborne infections by using laboratory-based surveillance for culture-confirmed illness caused by several enteric pathogens commonly transmitted through food. This report describes preliminary surveillance data for 2002 and compares them with 1996-2001 data. The data indicate a sustained decrease in major bacterial foodborne illnesses such as Campylobacter and Listeria, indicating progress toward meeting the national health objectives of reducing the incidence of foodborne infections by 2010 (objectives 10-1a to 10-1d). However, the data do not indicate a sustained decline in other major foodborne infections such as Escherichia coli O157 and Salmonella, indicating that increased efforts are needed to reduce further the incidence of foodborne illnesses.