奥美拉唑联合盐酸依托必利治疗胃食管反流病临床分析

目的探讨奥美拉唑联合盐酸依托必利治疗胃食管反流病的临床疗效。方法将120例胃食管反流病患者随机分为治疗组60例,采用奥美拉唑加盐酸依托必利治疗;对照组60例采用奥美拉唑治疗,8周后评价临床症状改善情况。结果治疗8周后,治疗组及对照组患者临床症状改善率分别为86.7%和70%,胃镜检查结果改善率分别为98.3%和88.3%,两组比较差异均有统计学意义。结论奥美拉唑联合盐酸依托必利治疗胃食管反流病能达到理想的临床疗效。     

奥美拉唑联合盐酸依托必利治疗胃食管反流病临床分析

目的 探讨奥美拉唑联合盐酸依托必利治疗胃食管反流病的临床疗效.方法 将120例胃食管反流病患者随机分为治疗组60例,采用奥美拉唑加盐酸依托必利治疗;对照组60例采用奥美拉唑治疗,8周后评价临床症状改善情况.结果 治疗8周后,治疗组及对照组患者临床症状改善率分别为86.7%和70%,胃镜检查结果改善率分别为98.3%和88.3%,两组比较差异均有统计学意义.结论 奥美拉唑联合盐酸依托必利治疗胃食管反流病能达到理想的临床疗效.     

2.20 胃食管反流病的呼吸系统的表现

目的为了探讨胃食管反流病(GERD)患者的呼吸系统症状与胃食管反流的关系.方法对18例以呼吸系统症状为主要表现的GERD患者进行了食管测压和24h食管pH值监测,并分析它们与症状的关系.另以92例无呼吸系统症状的GERD患者作为对照.结果 1.临床表现18例患者(100%)均有咳嗽,最常见的为夜间呛咳,其次为刺激性咳嗽;8例患者(44.4)伴有哮喘,并以夜间为主;6例患者(33.3%)伴有声音嘶哑 .平均病程2.8(1.5～6年),并都经过抗炎、止咳、解痉、平喘等长期治疗无效.所有患者无明显的反酸、嗳气、烧心、胸痛等消化系统症状.2.以呼吸系统症状为主要表现和无呼吸系统症状的GERD患者食管24h pH监测结果.由表1可见以呼吸系统症状为主要表现的GER D患者食管24h pH监测的各项指标均高于无呼吸系统症状者(P＜0.01,0.05).前者以卧位型为主,为10例(55.6%),其次为混合型6例(33.3%),立位型最少仅2例(11.1%),而后者以立位型为主37例(40.2%),其次为混合型29例(31.5%),卧位型为26例(28.3%).咳嗽和哮喘的症状指数(症状指数=pH＜4的症状数/总症状数×100%)分别为85.5±14.1(98. 3～55.4)和82.02±11.88(92.9～56.5).3.以呼吸系统症状为主要表现和无呼吸系统症状的GERD患者食管测压结果.由表2可见两组患者食管测压结果无显著性差异.结论 1.本组患者呼吸系统症状咳嗽与哮喘的症状指数均很高平均＞80%, 表明症状与酸反流密切相关.2.以呼吸系统症状为主要表现的GERD患者食管测压各项指标与无呼吸系统症状的GERD患者无显著差异,但食管24h pH监测各项反流指数均比无呼吸系统症状者严重,且反流类型以卧位型表1 两组患者食管24h pH监测结果比较和混合型为主,而患者食管症状却不明显,这可能与这类患者以夜间反流为主,加上食管粘膜对酸刺激的反应性降低,少量的酸反流不易引发食管的自发性清除,直到严重反流而引起呼吸系统症状.3.GERD患者可以呼吸系统症状为唯一临床表现,而无食管症状,因此临床上极易误诊,我们在临床治疗中要对这类患者给予高度重视.表2 两组患者食管测压结果比较     

以呼吸道症状为突出表现的胃食管反流病

以呼吸道症状为突出表现的胃食管反流病程荣墀（浙江省温州市第三人民医院内科）叶军（浙江省温州市康复医院内科）１５例以呼吸道症状为突出表现而胃肠道症状不明显的胃食管反流病患者长期发生误诊。经内镜检查及病理切片证实食道病变的存在，抗反流及抗酸剂治疗临床症状...     

管状胃宽度与食管癌术后抗胃食管反流的相关性研究

目的分析管状胃宽度与食管癌术后抗胃食管反流的相关性,为临床食管癌患者手术方式的选择提供参考。方法选择2015年1月至10月在我院接受食管癌根治术联合管状胃重建胃食管治疗的60例患者,根据术中管状胃的吻合途径(颈部吻合、胸腔吻合)及管状胃不同宽度(≥3 cm、3 cm)进行分组,分别为:颈部吻合+≥3 cm组(14例)、颈部吻合+3 cm组(15例)、胸腔吻合+≥3 cm组(15例)与胸腔吻合+3 cm组(16例)。所有患者均于术后第11天开始行24 h食管p H监测,连续监测3 d,指标包括:反流次数、p H4的累积时间,收集患者术后出现临床症状(烧心、胸痛、咽部异物感、咳嗽、哮喘等)的次数及出现临床症状的时间,所有患者均于术后第14天行内镜检查,观察患者食管黏膜并进行病理组织学胃黏膜炎症分级。将所有出现反流症状患者的管状胃宽度和食管黏膜炎症分级进行相关性分析。结果 4组患者出现反流症状的次数、反流临床症状发生率、p H4的累积时间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);颈部吻合+3 cm组患者出现反流症状的次数、p H4的累积时间、患者反流临床症状发生率均明显低于其他3组(P0.05),不同组间内镜下食管黏膜病理组织学炎症分级差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),颈部吻合+3 cm组患者食管黏膜炎症分级最轻。出现反流症状患者的管状胃宽度和食管黏膜炎症分级呈线性相关,管状胃宽度增加,食管黏膜炎症分级越严重,反流症状的次数、p H4的累积时间越高。结论食管癌术后采用管状胃重建胃食管,胃食管的宽度对患者术后出现胃食管反流密切相关,术中因为患者个体原因无法将管状胃宽度控制到合适范围时,应加强患者反流相关指标监测,便于及早采取措施防治胃食管反流,提高患者预后质量。     

胃食管反流病的中医证型辩证治疗分析

目的观察中医证型辩证治疗胃食管反流病的临床效果。方法随机将110例胃食管反流病患者分为两组,每组55例。对照组采用常规西药进行治疗,观察组采用中医证型辩证进行治疗,治疗2个月后,比较两组临床疗效以及复发率。结果比较两组总有效率以及复发率,发现观察组显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用中医证型辩证治疗胃食管反流病,具有调节脾胃以及降逆和胃等作用,能够明显提高患者的预后质量,缓解患者痛苦,加速患者身体康复,值得在临床推广应用。     

枳术宽中胶囊联合三联用药治疗食管运动功能障碍致胃食管反流病的疗效观察

目的探讨枳术宽中胶囊联合三联用药治疗食管运动功能障碍致胃食管反流病的疗效。方法选取2016年10月~2018年4月我院收治的食管运动功能障碍致胃食管反流病的82例患者作为研究对象,随机将其分为实验组和对照组,对照组患者接受三联用药治疗,实验组患者接受枳术宽中胶囊联合三联用药治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、症状积分及不良反应发生率。结果 (1)实验组治疗临床疗效(95.12%),明显高于对照组(73.17%)(P0.05);(2)两组患者治疗后反酸、胸痛、烧心、吞咽不适、总症状积分均较治疗前明显下降(P0.05),且实验组下降更明显(P0.05);(3)两组患者不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(X~2=0.183,P=0.096)。结论枳术宽中胶囊联合三联用药治疗食管运动功能障碍致胃食管反流病疗效显著,且安全可靠,值得在临床上推广使用。     

胃腔内黏膜缝合术治疗胃食管反流病的临床研究

目的　本文探讨胃腔内黏膜缝合术治疗胃食管反流病的临床应用效果。方法　 32例入选患者均因反酸 ,烧心 ,上腹部饱胀不适等症状就诊 ,无胃部手术 ,无全身其他系统疾病。随机分为 2组 ,手术组 12例 ,行胃腔内黏膜缝合术 ;对照组 2 0例 ,予以奥美拉唑 ,2 0mg ,每日 2次 ,治疗 2周 ,后改为每日 1次 ,再治疗 4周。以后根据个人症状缓解程度按需服药。其他治疗措施与治疗组均相同。详细记录患者每日病情变化、用药情况。在 3、6个月后对患者症状积分进行比较 ,同步监测食管 2 4小时pH变化、胆汁反流及食管下段压力变化情况。结果　胃腔内黏膜缝…     

探讨胃食管反流病维持治疗方式的影响因素

目的　评估胃食管反流病不同维持治疗方式的影响因素。方法　调查 15 6例GERD病人 ,根据治疗后的症状及生活质量改善情况 ,分为间断治疗组 ,连续治疗组。探讨两种维持治疗方式与病程、反流症状积分、食管动力功能、2 4小时食管pH检测结果及内镜下炎症程度之间的关系。并对同期接受内镜、食管动力以及 2 4小时食管pH检测的 86例患者 ,进行影响因素的Logistic分析。结果　 1 96 7% (15 1/ 15 6 )GERD患者对抑酸药物治疗有效 ,其中按需治疗组 92例 ,连续治疗组5 9例 ,6 0 9% (92 / 15 1)GERD的患者经正规治疗后能达到按需应用抑酸药物 …     

胃功能三项指标及其联合分析对胃食管反流病的诊断价值研究

目的 研究胃功能三项指标及其联合分析对胃食管反流病的诊断和预警价值.方法 选取2019年7月至2019年10月在火箭军特色医学中心收治的具有胃食管反流症状且经临床诊断确诊的患者60例为实验A组,具有胃食管反流症状但经临床诊断检查排除确诊的患者65例为实验B组,同时选取健康体检者60例为对照组.比较3组血清PGI、PGII、G-17水平.建立ROC曲线分别评估PGI、PGII、G-17三项指标及其联合分析对胃食管反流病的诊断价值及预警价值.结果 两个实验组PGI、PGII、G-17水平均高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义;两个实验组PGI、PGII、G-17水平差异无统计学意义.ROC曲线分析显示,PGI、PGII和G-17指标对于胃食管反流病具有诊断及预警价值.指标联合分析显示,PGI和PGII联合、PGI和G-17联合、PGII和G-17联合以及三项指标联合对于胃食管反流病亦具有较好的诊断及预警价值.结论 将PGI和G-17指标联合分析,对于胃食管反流病的诊断和预警具有较好的效果,可以在胃食管反流病筛查中推广应用,为临床诊断提供参考.     

A Case of Chronic Cough Caused by Achalasia Misconceived as Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Cough is one of the most common symptoms that causes patients to seek outpatient medical care. If cough persists longer than 8 weeks, common causes of chronic cough, such as upper airway cough syndrome, asthma, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), should be considered. Although not a common cause of chronic cough, achalasia may cause symptoms very similar to reflux that can lead to its misdiagnosis as GERD. In this report, a 40-year-old woman presenting with chronic cough was initially diagnosed with GERD; however, her symptoms were refractory to conventional GERD treatment. Finally, she was diagnosed with achalasia. Her cough improved completely after pneumatic dilatation. Achalasia is a rare disease accompanied by dysphagia or regurgitation. If cough presumably due to GERD does not respond to treatment, or if the cause of chronic cough is uncertain, physicians should suspect achalasia.     

Gastroesophageal reflux disease in preschool children with asthma]

BACKGROUND: In pediatric intractable asthma, there is occasionally an association with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). It is not clear in which cases GERD should be suspected or how effective the GERD therapy is in treating the asthma. METHODS: Twenty-seven preschool children (<6 years of age) suffering from recurrent asthma attack in spite of asthma therapy underwent 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. We examined retrospectively the incidence of GERD and the effectiveness of famotidine in GERD positive patients. RESULTS: 18 of the 27 patients (66.7%) had positive results (GERD positive group). In 12 of the 15 patients (80%) who underwent GERD therapy (famotidine), respiratory symptoms were decreased. In the GERD positive group, the incidence of acid reflux during waking hours was more frequent than during sleeping hours. In 8 of 12 patients (66.7%) in whom famotidine was effective, cough and wheeze often occurred during the daytime and corresponded with the time when acid reflux must commonly occurred. CONCLUSION: We conclude that children suffering from recurrent asthma attack in spite of asthma therapy must be examined for the presence of GERD.     

Gastroesophageal reflux disease in bronchial asthma and the response to omeprazole

The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in bronchial asthma and the role of omeprazole for asthmatics with symptoms of GERD. Seventy asthmatics were screened for GERD by questionnaire. Patients with a history suggestive of GERD were confirmed by Bernstein test and further investigated for airway responsiveness to instillation of HCl in the esophagus. Symptom score, drug score and spirometric values were recorded initially and after four weeks of treatment with omeprazole. It was found that 74.28% of asthmatics had a history of GERD. Forty patients tested positive by Bernstein test and also showed airway responsiveness to instillation of HCl in the esophagus. There was a significant improvement in symptom scores (p < 0.001), drug scores (p < 0.001) and spirometric values (p < 0.001) after adding omeprazole to their treatment regimen. It was concluded that bronchial asthma and GERD are associated in the majority of patients (57.14%) and such patients are likely to improve with omeprazole.     

广州市海珠区76例婴儿麻疹病例分析

目的对广州市海珠区76例婴儿麻疹病例进行分析,以了解其不断增多的原因,制定防制策略。方法将国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统中上报的该区婴儿麻疹病例采集静脉血测麻疹IgM抗体,并问卷调查,然后进行分析。结果76例病例中,有55例麻疹抗体阳性,21例抗体阴性。阳性病例中,小于8月龄26例（47．3％）,而≥8月龄（麻疹免初月龄）的29例病例中有麻疹疫苗（MV）接种史的占31．0％,其中本地病例接种率为63．6％,外地病例为11．1％,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=6．518,P〈0．05）。病例调查前后的诊断一致率为81．6％（χ^2=25．47,P〈0．05）;医院未抽血检验的达19例（25．0％）,其误诊率达31．6％。结论抽血送检率低、误诊率较高、外地儿童增多且其MV及时接种率低、存在免疫失败、母传抗体低使未到MV初免月龄的婴儿发病增多等是导致该区婴儿麻疹病例不断增多的原因。     

幽门螺杆菌在胃食管反流病发病中的作用

目的 探讨幽门螺杆菌（Hp）在胃食管反流病（GERD）发病中的作用,为临床诊治GERD提供参考。方法 选取2016年 2月~2018年12月我院收治的胃食管反流病患者85例,设为GERD组,另选同期我院体检健康者30人为对照组,14C呼气试验法进行Hp检测,比较两组Hp感染阳性率、GERD不同症状程度者Hp感染阳性率以及反流性食管炎（RE）不同程度者Hp感染阳性率。结果 GERD组Hp感染阳性率（54.12%）高于对照组（46.67%）,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;GERD轻度症状组、中度症状组、重度症状组及极重度症状组Hp感染阳性率分别为55.00%、52.00%、54.55%、55.56%,组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;RE患者LA-A组、LA-B组、LA-C组及LA-D组Hp感染阳性率分别是57.14%、55.56%、47.06%、46.15%,组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 幽门螺杆菌感染在胃食管反流病发生和发展过程中可能无相关性,但对于Hp阳性的GERD患者也应根据实际情况实施根除Hp治疗,以减少恶变几率。     

温州地区儿童慢性咳嗽病因构成比研究

目的分析温州地区慢性咳嗽患儿的常见病因分布,为临床诊治提供依据。方法选取2008年1月至2010年12月温州医学院附属育英儿童医院呼吸科门诊就诊的慢性咳嗽初诊患儿,依据年龄分为-3岁、-6岁和-14岁组,在初诊后2周、1个月和3个月门诊或电话随访,根据随访治疗效果得出最终诊断结果。分析各病因的构成比,初诊和最终诊断的符合率。结果研究期间共纳入739例慢性咳嗽患儿,年龄8个月至14岁,其中-3岁组174例（23.5%）,-6岁组288例（39.0%）,-14岁组277例（37.5%）。咳嗽病程4周至5年。1-4季度分别纳入103例（13.9%）、247例（33.4%）、96例（13.0%）和293例（39.7%）。①739例慢性咳嗽患儿中,单病因680例（92.0%）,单病因依次为上气道咳嗽综合征237例（32.1%）,咳嗽变异性哮喘219例（29.6%）,感染后咳嗽109例（14.8%）,变应性咳嗽76例（10.3%）,心因性咳嗽25例（3.4%）,胃食管反流性咳嗽9例（1.2%）,其他5例（0.7%）;双病因45例（6.1%）;病因不明14例（1.9%）。②-3岁组最常见病因为感染后咳嗽（58例,33.3%）,-6岁组为上气道咳嗽综合征（114例,39.6%）,-14岁组为咳嗽变异性哮喘（103例,37.2%）,上述3种主要病因的各年龄组构成比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。③上气道咳嗽综合征、咳嗽变异性哮喘、感染后咳嗽、变应性咳嗽、心因性咳嗽和胃食管反流性咳嗽所致慢性咳嗽共675例,其中496例初诊和最终诊断相符,初诊准确率为73.5%。结论温州地区儿童慢性咳嗽主要病因为上气道咳嗽综合征、咳嗽变异性哮喘、感染后咳嗽和变应性咳嗽;不同年龄组儿童慢性咳嗽的病因构成比有所不同。     

Reflux gastritis in gastroesophageal reflux disease: A histopathological study.

Increased intragastric alkaline reflux has been documented in patients with reflux esophagitis; however, the effect on gastric histology has not been investigated in this population. We examined gastric biopsies from 72 non-acid-suppressed patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) for changes of reflux gastritis or other forms of gastritis. In the Helicobacter pylori-negative GERD patients (n = 52) using the Dixon scoring system for reflux gastritis with a threshold score of >/=11, reflux gastritis was found in 15% (three of 20) of GERD patients with erosions and in no GERD patients without erosions. When the reflux gastropathy threshold score was changed to more than 8, 90% (18 of 20) of GERD patients with erosions and 19% (six of 32) of GERD patients without erosions were classified as having reflux gastritis. Regardless of the reflux gastritis threshold used, only 14% (seven of 52) of the H pylori-negative GERD patients exhibited normal gastric histology. Inactive chronic gastritis or nonspecific reactive changes were histologic findings in those gastric biopsies not classified as reflux gastritis or normal. All H pylori-positive GERD patients (n = 20) had active chronic gastritis. We conclude that most GERD patients will exhibit some form of gastric pathology: either reflux gastritis, chronic gastritis, or nonspecific reactive changes, depending on what reflux threshold score is applied and the presence of H pylori. Studies to define the intragastric alkaline content in conjunction with gastric histopathology need to be performed to further define those reflux esophagitis patients with reflux gastritis.     

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Physiological gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is the passage of gastric contents into the esophagus and occurs up 2/3 of normal infants; and, it resolves spontaneously around 9-12 months of age. When GER causes symptoms or complications is considered gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and it is associated to growth impairment, anemia, apnea, wheezing or other chronic respiratory symptoms, asthma, recurrent pneumonia or sleeping problems. Diagnosis of GERD implies studies as upper gastrointestinal series, upper endoscopy and 24 h esophageal pH monitoring; special cases may require motility and nuclear medicine studies. GER may be successfully treated with prone elevated position (30-45 degrees), shortening the feeding intervals to 3 h and anti-GER high-viscosity formulas. The regular use of prokinetic drugs is not recommended. The efficacy of proton pump inhibitors and H2 histamine receptor antagonists in the treatment of GERD has been demonstrated in children by diminishing de acid secretion of parietal cells, lowering the gastric contents and decreasing its ability to cause peptic-acid damage to the esophagus or to the respiratory tract. Surgical treatment is indicated in chronic recurrent GERD, usually in children 5 years or older with dependent proton pump inhibitor erosive esophagitis, chronic respiratory disease and in risk-selected cases.     

Antireflux surgery and esophageal mucosal DNA damage.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by reflux of gastroduodenal contents, esophagitis and oxidative tissue damage in the distal esophagus. It may ultimately lead to the development of a pre-malignant Barrett's esophagus and subsequently to carcinoma. Antireflux surgery is an effective therapeutic tool to relieve GERD symptoms and to normalize the reflux to the distal esophagus. However, antireflux surgery may be insufficient to restore oxidative insult, which can promote DNA adduct formation and subsequent initiation of carcinogenesis. Controversy exists whether antireflux surgery can reverse the development of carcinoma in the mucosa. We aimed to test the effect of antireflux surgery on DNA adduct formation in the esophagus. Patients (n = 19) with objectively confirmed GERD underwent antireflux surgery and were followed up for 6 months after which a symptom evaluation, control endoscopy, biopsy and pH-measurements were performed. The amounts of DNA adducts in the proximal and distal mucosa of the esophagus were measured using the 32-P-postlabelling method. After the surgery, esophageal acid exposure was normalized in all the patients and symptoms were relieved in all but one patient. Endoscopic examinations showed that erosive esophagitis had healed in all the cases 6 months after the surgery. Barrett's esophagus was found in six cases in preoperative biopsies. The amount of DNA adducts in the distal esophagus was higher than in the proximal esophagus both pre- and postoperatively. Antireflux surgery did not change this pattern and was thus not capable of reducing DNA adduct formation. The level of DNA damage was similar in the patients having Barrett's esophagus compared to the rest of the patients. Antireflux surgery is insufficient to normalize DNA damage due to GERD. Our observations suggest that antireflux surgery is perhaps not effective in the prevention of carcinogenesis because of the persisting DNA damage.