系统解剖学实验课教学与学生能力培养

系统解剖学作为医学教育的主干基础课程,是医学生最先接触的医学课程之一,是基础的基础。因此,医学生对解剖学知识的掌握如何,对其后续的其它基础医学和临床医学课程的学习有着举足轻重的影响。解剖学与其它学科不同,其直观性、实验性较强,教学效果和质量主要体现在实验教学上,可以说实验课教学是系统解剖学教学环节中最重要的组成部分。     

开设人体断层解剖学的教学体会

人体断层解剖学(Sectional anatomy)是用断层方法研究人体形态结构及相关功能的科学。开设断层解剖学课程的目的，在于使医学生掌握断层解剖学的基本知识，为学好临床医学课程奠定形态学基础，满足临床CT、MRI及超声等诊断的需要，以及促进学科的建设和发展。本室于1990年开设断层解剖学课程，共30学时，并自编《断层解剖学》教材，主要为相关学科     

浅谈局部解剖学教学体会

人体解剖学是一门古老的形态学科和重要的医学基础课程。扎实的人体解剖学知识是医学生学好临床课程及迅速熟悉和掌握临床应用技术的重要基础。局部解剖学属解剖学分科,它是在系统解剖学的基础上,对正常人体各个局部区域内结构和器官的位置、毗邻、层次关系及其临床应用进行了详细阐述。通过对局部解剖学的学习,能够加深学生对人体结构的理解及与临床实际的联系,是基础医学与临床医学之间的桥梁学科。然而这样重要的一门医学基础课程由于时间紧、内容多、条件艰苦等原因,在实际教学工作中存在着很多的困难。如何更好地完成教学工作,笔者在长…     

中等卫校《人体解剖学》教学方法浅谈

《人体解剖学》是大中专医药院校学生必须要学习而且必须要学好的一门学科，该门学科不仅是其它医学基础学科的基础，也是各门临床学科的基础，对该门学科理解掌握的程度将直接影响到他们对其它各门后续学科的学习，乃至以后的临床工作能力。而教学方法是否科学合理对学生能否学好该门学科至关重要，传统的《人体解剖学》教学方法基本上是“一     

外科手术切口在局解实验教学中的应用

局部解剖学是一门医学理论与实践结合的技巧性学科,是医学学科的桥梁课程,将解剖学实验与外科手术学两者紧密结合,注重培养理论知识在实践中应用的能力,为进一步学习外科学及相关临床医学课程奠定基础,对培养医学生掌握进入临床必备的基础知识和基本技能具有重要作用。作者在解剖学教学中探索新的教学方法,将局部解剖知识与临床需要结合,将局部解剖学教学和临床手术结合,教学效果获得教师和学生的肯定。     

医学检验专业解剖学双语教学实践

人体解剖学是研究人体正常形态结构的科学,是一门非常重要的医学基础课,是各医学学科的先导课程,医学名词中有1／3以上来源于解剖学。因此熟练掌握解剖学英文名词是学好医学专业英语的重要基础,掌握了解剖学的英文专业名词,对学习后续基础医学课程和临床医学课程的英文专业名词,常常起到事半功倍的效果。本文研究对医学检验本科专业的系统解剖学试行双语教学,观察双语教学对解剖学教学的影响。     

人体断层解剖学教学的探讨

人体断层解剖学是用断层方法研究人体形态结构及其相关功能的科学 ,其主要特点是在保持人体器官于原位状态下 ,准确地显示各结构的形态、位置及毗邻关系。掌握人体断层解剖学的结构特征 ,为医学影像专业的学生学好其它影像学奠定坚实的形态学基础。但是对于初学人体断层解剖学的学生来讲 ,学习人体断层解剖学的思维方式与学习系统解剖学、局部解剖学的思维方式存在很大的差异。因此 ,学习断层解剖学有一定的难度 ,为了帮助学生更快更好的掌握这门学科 ,笔者从以下几方面进行了探索 ,在教学实践中收到了较好的效果。1　要学好断层解剖学 ,必…     

人体解剖学与医学影像解剖学在教学中如何有效结合的探讨

人体解剖学是基础医学科学中最重要的学科,是所有医学生的必修课.医学影像解剖学是利用影像成像技术研究正常人体形态、结构、位置及相互关系的科学,是医学影像专业基础课程,也是医学影像诊断学和影像介入治疗学的基础学科.随着CT及MRI等影像设备的普及,医学影像解剖学的重要性日渐显得突出,是医学影像专业学生必须掌握的一门学科.我教研室在人体解剖学与医学影像解剖学的教学中该如何有效的结合做了初步的探索.怎样改变传统的灌输式教学模式和方法,探索一种新型的模式去培养学生的影像思维,激发学生对学好解剖学的兴趣,有效提高教学质量.     

浅谈药学专业解剖学教学

药学专业是一门独立的学科,具有较强的专业性,所以就要求学生要为学好专业课打下坚实的基础。解剖学对于药学专业来说是一门必修的基础课程。这就要求教师教好,使学生牢固掌握人体解剖学知识,为后续课程的学习打好基础。以下是我们教授药学专业解剖学课程的几点体会。 一、提高教师自身素质 1.树立责任心:在教学过程中,教师起到主导作用,学生是学习和发展的主体,教师的责任在于教书育人,为医疗卫生系     

护理专业解剖学实验教学的改革与实践

<正>护理学是实践性很强的学科,人体解剖学作为护理专业基础课程的主干课,在整个医学学习中占有非常重要的地位。解剖实验课是解剖教学重要的环节,调动学生的学习热情,积极参与到解剖实验课的学习中,不仅有利于解剖学内容的掌握,更会为护理专业课的学习以及护理实践操作打下牢固的基础。为适应高职高专教育发展与改革的需要,体现专业特点和层次特点,我校解剖教研室按照"淡化学科、突出能力、形成特色"的课程改革思路,对护理专业     

雷公藤甲素抗肿瘤血管新生的研究进展（英文）

雷公藤甲素(triptolide,TPL)是从中草药雷公藤中提取的一种有效活性物质,已被用来治疗多种疾病,包括系统性红斑狼疮,类风湿性关节炎,肾病综合征等,TPL甚至有很强的抑制肿瘤的活性。近些年的研究显示,TPL具有抗血管新生的能力,TPL不仅可以抑制肿瘤的增殖,诱导细胞的凋亡,还可以抑制肿瘤的转移,可以增加其它化疗药物的抗肿瘤活性。本综述将讨论TPL在抗肿瘤血管新生方面的研究进展,以及初步探讨其潜在的作用机制。     

Changes in activity of neutral proteases in tissues of ground squirrels in the dynamics of hibernation

Total activities of neutral proteases in the cerebral, hepatic, and myocardial tissues of ground squirrel vary during hibernation: in autumn (before hibernation) activities of the enzymes in the brain and myocardium start increasing, while in the liver they do not change. A common feature for all tissues is minimum activity of active neutral proteases in the middle of hibernation month 1 bout, while the maximum activity is recorded before awakening. Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 146, No. 9, pp. 278–280, September, 2008     

Kinetics of decline of maternal measles virus-neutralizing antibodies in sera of infants in France in 2006

The optimal age for measles vaccination is an important health issue, since maternal antibodies may neutralize the vaccine antigen before a specific immune response develops, while delaying vaccination may increase the risk of complicated diseases in infants. However, measles vaccination impacts the duration of protection afforded by transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies: vaccination-induced maternal antibodies disappear faster than disease-induced antibodies. In order to maintain protection against measles in infants, it is important to monitor the dynamics of this phenomenon in vaccinated populations. To assess the current situation in France, a multicenter, prospective seroepidemiological study was conducted in seven French hospitals between October 2005 and January 2007. Maternal measles antibody concentrations from 348 infants 0 to 15 months old were measured using the plaque reduction neutralization assay. Geometric mean concentrations and the percentage of infants with maternal measles antibody concentrations above the protection threshold (≥120 mIU/ml) were assessed according to age. Results show that after more than 20 years of routine measles vaccination in France, maternal measles-neutralizing antibodies decrease dramatically in French infants by 6 months of age, from 1,740 mIU/ml for infants 0 to 1 month old to 223 mIU/ml for infants 5 to 6 months old, and that 90% of infants are not protected against measles after 6 months of age. Infant protection against measles could be optimized both by increasing herd immunity through an increased vaccine coverage and by lowering the age of routine vaccination from 12 to 9 months.     

Effect of vitamin C in reducing the toxicity of endosulfan in liver in rabbits

In this study, the effect of endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, and the ameliorating effect of vitamin C on the livers of New Zealand white rabbits were studied. Livers of the rabbits were examined grossly and histopathologically, and caspase-3 activity was detected by immunohistochemical methods. A total of twenty-four rabbits were divided into four groups (n=6). Rabbits in Group I (END) were daily given a sublethal dose of endosulfan (1 mg/kg bw) in corn oil by oral gavage for 6 weeks. Group II (END+C) received the same dose of endosulfan and additionally Vit C (20 mg/kg bw) every other day during this period. Group III (OIL+C) received corn oil daily by oral gavage and vitamin C every other day for 6 weeks. Group IV (OIL), the control group, received only corn oil daily, by oral gavage throughout the experiment. The concentration of α-endosulfan in the END group was higher in livers (0.102±0.012 ppb) than the β-endosulfan (0.072±0.001 ppb). Decreased accumulation of α and β endosulfan was observed in the END+C group (0.025±0.003 and 0.016±0.002 ppb, respectively) (p<0.0001). The most prominent gross findings at the necropsy were seen in the END group, in which swollen and pale livers were commonly observed. Hemorrhages, degenerations, necrosis, and in some rabbits bile duct hyperplasia were the marked histopathological findings of the END group. Caspase-3 positive reaction was more severe in this group than in the others. An ameliorating effect of Vit C on gross, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings was observed in the END+C group. The results revealed that endosulfan is highly toxic for rabbit livers. However, toxicity was decreased by Vit C treatment, which reduced the accumulation of endosulfan in livers four-fold.