CyclinD_1、CDK_4蛋白在食管癌中的表达及意义

目的为探讨ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＣＤＫ４基因及蛋白在食管癌发生中的意义及其相互间的作用。方法采用ＬＳＡＢ免疫组化染色法,对４３例食管癌手术标本的ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＣＤＫ４蛋白进行标记。结果在鳞癌组织中,两种抗体的阳性物质存在于细胞核中和／或胞浆中,在正常鳞状上皮主要存在于核中,且从正常鳞状上皮→癌旁不典型增生→鳞癌组织,ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＣＤＫ４的阳性率逐渐上升,统计学处理：正常上皮与癌组织之间的阳性率有差异显著性（ＰＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１＜０．０５,ＰＣＤＫ４＜０．０５）;但未检出ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＣＤＫ４与癌分化的关系。另外,在正常鳞状上皮中,ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＣＤＫ４则多集中在基底层的增殖带。结论ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＣＤＫ４蛋白表达的变化是食管癌发生中的早期事件,并且在正常细胞周期中起正调控作用。     

CyclinD1和P21^WAFI／CIP1在喉癌变过程中的表达及？…

为探讨喉癌过程中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１和Ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦＩ／ＣＩＰ１表达的临床病理学意义,用免疫组化检测２０例正常粘膜,４０例不典型增生和６０例喉癌组织中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１和Ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦＩ／ＣＩＰ１的表达,结果是：（１）ＣｃｌｉｎＤ１和Ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦＩ／ＣＩＰ１阳性率表达定位于细胞核;（２）在喉癌变过程中,喉正常粘膜,不典型增生病变和喉癌中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１阳性表达率分别为５．０％,３０．０％,５３．３％;     

肺癌组织中细胞周期蛋白D1的表达

目的　观察细胞周期蛋白Ｄ１（Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１）在肺癌发生中的作用及其与生物学行为的关系。方法　收集肺癌及癌前病变和正常肺组织,采用免疫组化ＳＰ法检测Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１的表达。结果　正常肺组织和鳞状化生的支气管上皮未见Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１表达;在轻→中→重度不典型增生、原位癌、浸润癌,Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１表达的阳性率逐渐升高,阳性细胞数也增多,低分化癌的阳性率高于中高分化癌（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１阳性组的增殖活性高于阴性组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５） ;肺鳞癌有淋巴结转移组Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１的阳性率高于无转移组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５） 。结论　Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１表达与肺癌的发生和增殖有关,而且Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１表达是支气管粘膜上皮癌变的早期表现。Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１表达与肺鳞癌分化不良及淋巴结转移有关,可能是预后不良的标志。     

食管鳞癌CyclinD1p16 cdk4表达与临床病理相关性研究

目的 研究食管鳞癌中细胞周期调控基因ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１，ｐ１６，ｃｄｋ４表达。结合与临床病理关系，探讨其在食管癌发生发展中的作用。方法 用免疫组化染色方法测定４７例食管癌标本，１７例邻近组织及２０例正常食管组织的ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１，ｐ１６，ｃｄｋ４的表达。结果 食管鳞癌ｐ１６阳性表达４４．７％，ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１５５．３％，ｃｄｋ４５９．６％，其中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１表达明显高于癌旁及正常组织中，ｐ１６阳性     

喉癌癌变过程中CyclinD1表达及临床病理学意义

目的 探讨喉癌癌变过程中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１表达的临床病理学意义。方法 用免疫组化检测２０例正常粘膜、４０例不典型增生病变和６０例喉癌组织中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１的表达。结果 ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１阳性表达定位于细胞核。在喉癌变过程中,喉正常粘膜、不典型增生病变和喉癌中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１阳性表达率分别为５．０％、３０．０％、５３．３％（Ｐ〈０．００１）。淋巴结转移级ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１阳性表达率明显高于非淋巴结转移给（     

胆囊上皮病变PCNA,CyclinD1表达意义的研究

目的：研究胆囊良恶性上皮病变中增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）、周期蛋白Ｄ１（ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１）的表达情况,探讨胆囊癌的发生与胆囊腺瘤及胆囊结石的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学ＳＰ法,对６４例胆囊上皮病变进行检测。结果：在胆囊炎上皮中,ＰＣＮＡ、ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１的表达与腺瘤大小、结石存在与否、结石的大小有关。结论：较大的胆囊腺瘤（直径≥１．０ｃｍ）及合并结石的腺瘤具有较强的癌变倾向;胆囊结石对胆囊粘膜的长期刺激具有潜在的致癌倾向。     

Cyclin D1蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

为探讨周期素Ｄ１（Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１）蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义,作者采用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法对１１０例乳腺癌标本进行了Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１蛋白的检测。结果显示：本组病例的Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１蛋白表达阳性率为７４．５５％（８２／１１０）;生存时间≤５年及≥１０年者,其Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１蛋白表达阳性率分别为９６．２２％（５１／５３）和４０．５４％（１５／３７）;Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１蛋白过度表达与乳腺癌的临床分期、组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结转移有关。由此揭示Ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１蛋白的过度表达是判断乳腺癌患者预后的一项重要指标。     

细胞周期G1／S转换调控因子在喉癌发生过程中作用的研究

目的 探讨癌癌变过程中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＥ、ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ、Ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦ１／ＣＩＰ１和Ｐ５３表达的临床病理学意义。方法 用免疫组化检测２０例正常粘膜、４０例不典型增生病变和６０例喉癌组织中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＥ、ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、Ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦ１／ＣＩＰ１和Ｐ５３的表达。结果 ①ＣｙｃｌｉｎＥ、ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、Ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦ１／ＣＩＰ１和Ｐ５３阳性表达定位于细胞核。②在喉癌癌变过程中,喉正常粘膜、不典型增生     

大肠癌、大肠腺瘤Cyclin D1、P16和PCNA蛋白表达及其意义

探讨细胞周期调控因子蛋白表达在大肠癌发生发展中的作用及其对预后影响。方法采用免疫组化染色对１１３例大肠癌、１４例大肠腺瘤、１１例腺瘤癌变化组织中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１,Ｐ１６和ＰＣＮＡ进行了检测。结果大肠癌、腺癌和癌变ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１,Ｐ１６以ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达率与大肠粘膜相比均相差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）腺瘤癌变ＣｈＣｌｉｎＤ１表达明显增高,大肠癌Ｐ１６表达明显降低,大肠癌、腺癌癌变的ＰＣＮ较腺癌组显著增     

原癌基因蛋白CyclinD1在喉癌中的表达

目的：探讨ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１基因表达与喉癌发生发展的关系。方法：应用Ｓ－Ｐ免疫组化方法检测１０例声带息肉组织及４４例喉鳞癌组织中ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１蛋白的表达。结果：ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１在喉癌组织中的阳性表达率为６８．３％（３０／４４），在声带息肉组织中的阳性率为３０．０％（３／１０），是者差别有统计学意义，Ｐ〈０．０５，而在癌旁正常组织中未见表达。ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１蛋白表达与喉癌患者年龄、淋巴结合转移无明显     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.