辛伐他汀预处理减轻缺血再灌注心肌损伤的实验研究

Objective To investigate the effects of pretreatment with simvastatin on iscbemia reperfusion induced myocardial injury, and to further explore related mechanism with respect to inflammation modulation. Methods The rat myocardial ischemia reperfusion model was established by the method of coronary artery ligation. The animals were divided into 3 groups: the sham group, the control group and the simvastatin group. In the simvastatin group, the animals were pretreated with simvastatin (5 mg/kg) one week before by intragastric administration. Ventricular arrhythmia was monitored and scored, infarct size and area at risk of myocardium were determined, and uhrastructural changes were observed. The serum levels of myocardial enzymes and lipids were measured. The content of myocardial inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α、interleukin(IL) -6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP) - 1]were also evaluated. Results When compared with those of the control group, the amount and duration of ventricular arrhythmia in simvastatin group were less and score of ventricular arrhythmia was significantly lower. When pretreated with simvastatin, the serum levels of CK-MB and LDH in simvastatin group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The infarct size/area at risk ratio of the simvastatin treated group was significantly less than those of the control group. The uhrastructures of myocardial cells were better maintained in simvastatin group. No significant differences were observed in the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein when comparisons were made each other among the three groups. However, the levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and MCP-1 in heart tissue of the treated animals were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusions Pretreatment with simvastatin ameliorates ischemia reperfusion induced myocardial injury, which is partly related with the down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines expression in heart tissue but independent of its role of lipids modulation.     

阿托伐他汀钙片对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清C反应蛋白、白介素-6及肺功能的影响

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of atorvastatin calcium tablets on C reactive protein（CRP）, IL-6 and pulmonary function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients of stationary phase. MethodsSixty patients in stationary phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Patients in the control group (n=30) were treated with conventional therapy, and those in the treatment group were given oral atorvastatin calcium tablets 20 mg on the basis of routine treatment, once per night. The course of treatment was 1 year. The levels of CRP, interleukin （IL）-6 and the CAT scores and pulmonary function were measured before and after treatment, continuously followed for 2 years. ResultsThe difference in the levels of of CRP, IL 6 and the CAT scores between the two group before treatment were not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 1 year of treatment, levels of CRP, IL-6 in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). CAT scores of the treatment group was significantly better than the control group (P<005). ConclusionAtor vastatin calcium tablets can reduce levels of CRP, IL 6 in COPD patients of stationary phase and improve the quality of life.     

胸部开放伤后海水浸泡对犬肺损伤程度的影响及肺表面活性蛋白A、B的变化

Objective To compare the extent of acute lung injury (ALl) and changes in surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and B (SP-B) induced by seawater and freshwater immersion following open chest injury in dogs. Methods The animal model was established by seawater and freshwater injection into the thoracic cavity after open chest injury. All the experimental animals were observed for 6 hours, during which blood gas analysis, levels of TNF-α and IL-8, contents of SP-A and SP-B in the lung and blood serum were measured at different time points. Pulmonary histopathology and SP-B immuno-histochemistry were measured after the animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. Results Both seawater immersion and freshwater immersion could induce hypoxemia, with the extent of hypoxemia for the seawater immersion group (SG) being obviously much severer than that of the freshwater immersion group (FG) (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in blood serum and BALF of both experimental groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (CG) (P<0.05). Pulmonary pathological lesion was noted in both SG and FG, with that of SG being severer than that of FG. The levels of SP-A and SP-B in BALF in SG and FG all decreased significantly(P <0.05) ,while the levels of SP-A and SP-B in blood serum increased gradually (P < 0.05). Type Ⅱ alveolarepithelial cells with SP-B positive in the lung decreased in both experimental groups, with grey scale values being significantly lower than that of CG. And significant deviation was observed between SG and FG (P <0.05). Conclusions Pulmonary lesion induced by seawater immersion after open chest injury was severer than that induced by freshwater immersion.     

胸部开放伤后海水浸泡对犬肺损伤程度的影响及肺表面活性蛋白A、B的变化

Objective To compare the extent of acute lung injury (ALl) and changes in surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and B (SP-B) induced by seawater and freshwater immersion following open chest injury in dogs. Methods The animal model was established by seawater and freshwater injection into the thoracic cavity after open chest injury. All the experimental animals were observed for 6 hours, during which blood gas analysis, levels of TNF-α and IL-8, contents of SP-A and SP-B in the lung and blood serum were measured at different time points. Pulmonary histopathology and SP-B immuno-histochemistry were measured after the animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. Results Both seawater immersion and freshwater immersion could induce hypoxemia, with the extent of hypoxemia for the seawater immersion group (SG) being obviously much severer than that of the freshwater immersion group (FG) (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in blood serum and BALF of both experimental groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (CG) (P<0.05). Pulmonary pathological lesion was noted in both SG and FG, with that of SG being severer than that of FG. The levels of SP-A and SP-B in BALF in SG and FG all decreased significantly(P <0.05) ,while the levels of SP-A and SP-B in blood serum increased gradually (P < 0.05). Type Ⅱ alveolarepithelial cells with SP-B positive in the lung decreased in both experimental groups, with grey scale values being significantly lower than that of CG. And significant deviation was observed between SG and FG (P <0.05). Conclusions Pulmonary lesion induced by seawater immersion after open chest injury was severer than that induced by freshwater immersion.     

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on TF、TNF-α in the rabbit model of steroid-induced avascular osteonecrosis of femoral head

Objective To investigate dynamic changes in serum TF and TNF-α in the rabbit model of steroid-induced avascular osteonecrosis of femoral head ( SANFH) and also to explore the mechanism of SANFH, as well as effects of hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO) on SANFH. Methods Seventy-eight New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups:the normal control (group N) (7 animals), the model group (group M) (41 animals) and the HBO group (group H) (30 animals). The model group was subdivided into the immediate model group (the M0 group) (10 animals), the two-week model group (the M2 group) (10 animals), the four-week model group (the M4 group) (10 animals) and the six-week model group (the M6 group) (11 animals). The HBO group was further divided into the 2-week HBO therapy group (HBO2) (7 animals), the 4-week HBO therapy group (HBO4) (11 animals) and the 6-week HBO therapy group (HBO6) (12 animals). Through injection of endotoxin and methyl-prednisolone, rabbits in the group HBO2, HBO4 and HBO6 received HBO therapy 1 hour daily from the second day of the experiment. The durations of HBO therapy were 2 weeks ( HBO2), and 4 weeks respectively. The animals were sacrificed after blood samples were taken at respective blood collection time. Then, levels of TF, TNF-α in the serum were measured and the histological changes in the femoral heads were observed. Results Levels of TF and TNF-α in group M0 increased significantly, when compared with those of group N (P ＜0. 05 or P ＜0.01), while for the HBO subgroups the expression of TF and TNF-α measured at the same time points all decreased, when compared with that of the model subgroups (P＜0. 05 or P ＜0.01). To elaborate, TF levels in group M2 and M4 were much higher than those in group HBO2 and HBO4 ( P＜0. 01 ). TF level in group M6 was higher than that in group HB06 ( P ＜ 0.05). TNF-α in group M0 also increased significantly, when compared with that in group N( P ＜0.01). TNF-α levels in group M2 and M6 were also much higher than those in group HBO2 and HBO6 ( both P ＜0. 01 ). TNF-α in group M4 was higher than that in group HBO4 (P＜0.01). Histological examination revealed that tissues of the femoral heads in group N were normal, osteonecrosis and thrombus could be noted in group M2 and M4, hyperplasia fibrosis could be found in group M6, and osteonecrosis in HBO2 and HB04 groups seemed less severer than that in M2 and M4 groups, no thrombi in HBO2, HBO4 groups were noted, and growth of new bones were detected in HBO4 and HBO6. Conclusions The levels of TF and TNF-α levels increased in the rabbit model of SANFH, inducing blood coagulation. Thrombosis at the femoral heads was one of the causes of SANFH. HBO therapy could inhibit the release of TF and TNF-α, thus improving the abnormality of blood coagulation and enhancing treatment of osteonecrosis.     

塞来昔布对人肺腺癌细胞株A549的放射增敏效应及细胞迁移力的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of radiosensitivity enhancement and inhibition of migration ability of human lung adenocarcinoma cells by celecoxib,a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor.Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma cells of the line A549 were cultured and then inoculated into six-well plates and randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,celecoxib group administered with celecoxib at the subtoxic doses 30 and 50 μmol/L,irradiated group exposed to 0,1,2,4,6,or 8 Gy by linear accelerator,and combined treatment (celecoxib + irradiation) group.The radiosensitizing effect of celecoxib was assessed by clonogenic cell survival test.The migration ability of the A549 cells was measured by scratch-wound test and the content of metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in culture supernatant was detected with ELISA.Results The sensitization enhancement ratio of the celexib group was increased dosedependently.The values of D0 ,Dq,SF2 and D0.01 of the celecoxib + irradiation group were all significantly lower than those of the irradiated group.Scratch-wound test showed that the no-scratch area of the celecoxib + irradiation group and celecoxib group were all significantly wider than those of the mere irradiation and control groups and there was a dose-dependent manner,and the no-scratch area of the celecoxib + irradiation group was wlider than that of the celecoxib group.ELISA showed that the MMP-2 levels in the supernatant of the celecoxib group and celecoxib + irradiation group were respectively significantly lower than those of the control group and mere irradiated group (t = 3.78,5.79、3.15,P ＜ 0.05),however,there was not significant difference between the mere irradiation and control groups (t = 2.73,2.38,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Celecoxib enhances concentration-dependently the radiosensitivity of human lung carcinoma cell and inhibits the secretion of MMP-2 of the carcinoma cells,thus inhibiting their migration ability.     

Clotting mechanism in beagles irradiated by 4.5 Gy γ-rays

Objective To explore the clotting mechanism in beagles irradiated by 4.5 Gy γ-rays after treatment with supportive care,or supportive care and combined cytokines.Methods Sixteen beagles were divided into irradiation control group,Supportive care group and combined cytokines treatment group.Platelet aggregation test,thrombelagtography (TEG) and the time measurement were analyzed in vitro.Results In irradiation group and supportive care group,the platelet aggregation rates in beagles were decreased markedly and the k value of TEG was increased 7 d post-irradiation,while those indexes in combined cytokines treatment group changed little.At 14 d post-irradiation,each parameter of TEG in irradiated group changed obviously.The values of r,k,r+k and M were elevated significantly,clotting time and the maximum coagulation time of thrombus delayed,the Ma value was decreased markedly,and the maximum elasticity amplitude of thrombus was diminished.All parameters in combined cytokines treatment group were better than those in supportive care group.The thrombin time was prolonged obviously in irradiated group 14 d post-irradiation,while the thrombin time was the longest at 2-3 weeks post irradiation in supportive care group and combined cytokines treatment group(P>0.05).Conclusions Cytokines could improve the platelet aggregation and the blood clotting functions of beagles suffering from acute radiation sickness.     

Clotting mechanism in beagles irradiated by 4.5 Gy γ-rays

Objective To explore the clotting mechanism in beagles irradiated by 4.5 Gy γ-rays after treatment with supportive care,or supportive care and combined cytokines.Methods Sixteen beagles were divided into irradiation control group,Supportive care group and combined cytokines treatment group.Platelet aggregation test,thrombelagtography (TEG) and the time measurement were analyzed in vitro.Results In irradiation group and supportive care group,the platelet aggregation rates in beagles were decreased markedly and the k value of TEG was increased 7 d post-irradiation,while those indexes in combined cytokines treatment group changed little.At 14 d post-irradiation,each parameter of TEG in irradiated group changed obviously.The values of r,k,r+k and M were elevated significantly,clotting time and the maximum coagulation time of thrombus delayed,the Ma value was decreased markedly,and the maximum elasticity amplitude of thrombus was diminished.All parameters in combined cytokines treatment group were better than those in supportive care group.The thrombin time was prolonged obviously in irradiated group 14 d post-irradiation,while the thrombin time was the longest at 2-3 weeks post irradiation in supportive care group and combined cytokines treatment group(P>0.05).Conclusions Cytokines could improve the platelet aggregation and the blood clotting functions of beagles suffering from acute radiation sickness.     

高压氧对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠紧密连接蛋白及血脑屏障通透性的影响

Objective To investigate effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the occludin and ZO-1 in the brain tissues and permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB) after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice. Methods Male Wistar mice were randomly divided into 4 groups; the sham group, the ischemia-reperfusion group (IR) , the HBO group and the IR + HBO group. Following development of the cerebral ischemia reperfusion model, 5 sessions of HBO at 0.25 Mpa were applied during the reperfusion period, and 2% Evens blue (EB) was injected into the tail veins an hour before the animals were executed. Following ischemia reperfusion, changes in the permeability of BBB were monitored with the EB method. Following ischemia reperfusion, the distributions of occludin and ZO-1 in the brain tissue were observed with immunohistochemical method, and the expressions of occludin, ZO-1, and the contents of EB were determined by Western Blot and spectrophotometer. Results When compared with that of the sham group, the levels of EB in the brain tissue for the IR group increased significantly, reaching peak at 4 h following IR injury (P＜0. 01). In the IR + HBO group, EB contents in the brain tissue decreased significantly, when compared with those of the IR group ( P＜ 0.01). However, no significant changes in the expression of occludin, ZO-1 and the content of EB in the brain tissue could be noted in the HBO, when compared with those of the sham group (P＞0.05). In the IR group, the expressions of occludin and ZO-1 at 4, 12, 24, 48, 72 h after reperfusion decreased significantly, when compared with those at 0 h( P＜0. 01). However, for the IR + HBO group, the expressions of occludin and ZO-1 at 72 h after reperfusion increased markedly (P＜0. 01). No obvious changes in the expression of occludin and ZO-1 could be noted in the brain tissue in the animals in the HBO group, when compared with those in the sham group (P＞0. 05). Conclusions HBO intervention could increase markedly the expressions of occludin and ZO-1 in the ischemia-reperfusion brain tissue, thus decreasing permeability of BBB.     

预先心理应激对干舱模拟快速上浮脱险大鼠应激反应的作用

Objective To observe the effects of psychological pretreatment on the stress reaction of simulated fast buoyancy ascent escape in rats. Methods Forty healthy rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the control group, the psychological stress group, the fast compression and decompression group, and the psychological stress pretreatment plus fast compression and decompression group. By developing the fast buoyancy ascent escape rat model with fast compression and decompression in a closed cabin, the effects of psychological pretreatment on the stress reaction were observed in the course of ascent. Results Hear t rate of the animals in the psychological pretreatment stress group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0. 05), and the expression of serum TNF-α was significantly lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Psychological factor seemed to have positive effects on the stress reaction of the simulated fast buoyancy ascent escape in rats.     

基于复杂性的说话人识别技术探讨

目的 用非线性方法中的复杂性特征来分析非平稳的语音信号。方法 采用51位被试者讲同一段话的语音数据，语音样本包括两类：同一被试者在不同时刻讲同一段话及不同被试者讲同一段话，分别从复杂性特征曲线和复杂性特征曲线重构的嵌入空间分析处理。结果 同一被试者不同时刻讲同一段话的复杂性曲线间的差异，明显地低于不同被试者讲同一段话的复杂性曲线间的差异。另外，从复杂性特征曲线重构的嵌入空间可以看出，同一说话人的复杂性曲线离散点相对集中于在此嵌入空间中同一区域，而与其他人的特征离散点存在统计学上的明显差异。结论 复杂性分析方法能够用于语音特征分析．具有很广泛的前景．     

医科大学生考试作弊心理分析

目的分析医科大学生考试作弊的心理。方法问卷调查学生是否有过侥幸作弊行为;如果考试不及格允许重修,是否还会作弊;作弊的原因等。结果9.0%的学生经常设法作弊;如果考试不及格允许重修,80.5%的学生表示不会作弊;作弊的原因主要是担心考试不及格(62.5%)。结论 改革考试制度、严肃考风考纪势在必行。     

Studies on the electrodeposition of uranium on aluminium

The electrodeposition method has been used to prepare thick sources of uranium on aluminium. By applying high current density in the ammonium oxalate solution (0.2 M, pH 9.0), containing ²³³U, strongly adherent layers of uranium (0.8 mg/cm²) are deposited. The electrodeposited species is found to be U(IV)-oxalate complex.     

大鼠脑内3H-MK-801结合位点受体放射自显影

目的研究大鼠脑内(第29层面)N-甲基-D-门冬氨酸(NMDA)受体的分布特征。方法采用     

医院船手术台合理配置研究

目的预计不同规模医院船手术台昼夜伤员通过量，提高医院船手术能力的组织指挥方法。方法运用随机服务系统理论对医院船手术台利用排队系统进行研究。结果模拟了不同手术台昼夜伤员通过量，提出了不同床位医院船手术台配置理论值，指出了提高医院船手术伤员通过量的措施。结论排队论理论在医院船手术台配置与利用中的运用，创新了手术台昼夜伤员通过量传统理论值，丰富了卫勤组织指挥理论。