肺癌患者卡氏肺孢子虫感染情况初步观察

<正>卡氏肺孢子虫是一种机会致病性原虫,其所致的卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（Pneumocystis carinii　pneumonia,PCP）常见于艾滋病患者、恶性肿瘤晚期患者、器官移植者等免疫功能低下者。肺癌因与卡氏肺孢子虫的感染出现在相同的部位,其与PCP     

卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的治疗策略进展

卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（pneumocystis carini ipneu-monia,PCP）是由机会性致病病原体卡氏肺孢子虫（pneumocystis carinii,PC）寄生于人体,引起的一种威胁人类健康的机会感染性肺炎。它是机体免疫功能低下时极易诱发的常见并发症和致死的主要原因．主要见于HIV感染后、器官移植后、营养不良、肿瘤化疗期间等^[1]。     

艾滋病肺部合并卡氏肺囊虫肺炎的影像学表现(附2例报告)

卡氏肺囊虫肺炎（pneufocystis carinii pneumonia．PCP）称为卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎，又称间质性浆细胞肺炎，是一种严重的机会感染性疾病，也是艾滋病患者常见的致死原因。代院于2003年收治2例PCP，现报道如下。     

肺孢子菌肺炎实验室诊断方法进展

肺孢子菌(Pneumocystis)是一种机会致病性病原体,于1909年被Chagas首次在豚鼠体内发现的,曾被命名为卡氏肺孢子虫(Pneumocystis carinii ) [1]简称肺孢子虫.随着分子水平的研究,20世纪80年代以后,此虫被更名为肺孢子菌[2],由其引起的肺炎仍称为肺孢子菌肺炎(Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, PCP).随着AIDS的出现、恶性肿瘤患者放、化疗及器官移植的广泛开展,PCP发病率呈明显上升趋势,引起国内外广泛的关注.本文就PCP的实验室诊断现状展开综述.     

艾滋病伴卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎5例并文献复习

获得性免疫缺陷综合征（aquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS）患者由于细胞免疫功能低下而极易并发各种机会性感染,卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（Pneumocytis carinii pneumonia,PCP）是其最常见的并发症,也是最重要的机会性感染和致死原因之一。     

肺癌患者伴卡氏肺孢子虫感染情况初步观察

<正>卡氏肺孢子虫是一种机会致病性原虫,其所致的卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（Pneumocystis cariniipneumonia,PCP）常见于艾滋病患者、恶性肿瘤晚期患者、器官移植者等免疫功能低下者。肺癌因与卡氏肺孢子虫的感染出现在相同的部位,其与PCP的关系有重要的意义。对于包括肺癌在内的一些癌     

卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎研究若干进展

卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎(pneumocystis carinii pneumonia,PCP),又称间质性浆细胞肺炎(interstitial plasmacell pneumonia),是一种人兽共患病,主要发生于免疫力低下的儿童。1951年Vanek首次报告,在早产婴儿间质性浆细胞肺炎病例中查见此种卡氏肺孢子虫。由于最近数十年来广泛应用免疫抑制剂以及对恶性肿瘤病人进行化疗,本病较过去为多见,已成为艾滋病患者和其他免疫缺陷者最常见的、严重的呼吸系统机会性感染疾病。近10年来,PCP更受到广泛关注。     

系统性红斑狼疮合并卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎1例的观察护理

卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（pneumocystis carinii pneumonia，PCP）又称间质性浆细胞肺炎（interstitial plasm cell pneumonia），是由卡氏肺囊虫感染引起肺部非化脓间质性肺炎。临床表现为：显著气短、咳嗽、无痰或少痰。在非艾滋病病毒感染中PCP平均在3～6d便会出现急骤的状态．主要为干咳、进行性呼吸困难。本病起病急、进展快．因此早期严密观察病情和全面系统的护理极为重要闭。     

卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎肺泡微环境的改变及其在发病中的作用

<正>卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎(Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumo-nia,PCP)是免疫抑制宿主主要的呼吸系统感染性并发症和死亡原因.其发病和预后取决于卡氏肺孢子虫(PC)毒力及宿主防御之间的平衡.近年来,PCP发病机制的研究揭示了宿主与病原体之间复杂的相互作用,而肺泡微环境的改变在PCP的发病中具有较大的作用和影响.1 PCP肺泡微环境的结构改变PCP特征性病理改变表现为肺泡内大量泡沫状渗出物.在糖皮质激素诱导的大鼠PCP模型中,渗出物的量随PC负荷增加而增加.渗出物中含有表面活性磷脂、血清蛋白质、粘蛋白、表面活性蛋白.近年,用兔多克     

肺孢子虫肺炎的诊断

<正>肺孢子虫(Pneumocystis Carinii)是一种重要的机会致病性病原体。肺孢子虫引起的肺孢子虫肺炎(Pneumocystis CariniiPneumonia,PCP)是艾滋病(AIDS)患者最常见和最严重的呼吸系统机会性感染,约占艾滋病患者肺部感染性疾病的60%～85%,也是艾滋病患者最主要的致死原因之一[1]。近年来,由于     

Pulmonary coinfection by Pneumocystis jiroveci and Cryptococcus neoformans

We communicate the diagnosis by microscopy of a pulmonary coinfection produced by Cryptococcus neoformans and Pneumocystis jiroveci, from a respiratory secretion obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage of an AIDS patient. Our review of literature identified this coinfection as unusual presentation. Opportunistic infections associated with HIV infection are increasingly recognized. It may occur at an early stage of HIV-infection. Whereas concurrent opportunistic infections may occur, coexisting Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) and disseminated cryptococcosis with cryptococcal pneumonia is uncommon. The lungs of individuals infected with HIV are often affected by opportunistic infections and tumours and over two-thirds of patients have at least one respiratory episode during the course of their disease. Pneumonia is the leading HIV-associated infection. We present the case of a man who presented dual Pneumocystis jiroveci and cryptococcal pneumonia in a patient with HIV. Definitive diagnosis of PCP and Cryptococcus requires demonstration of these organisms in pulmonary tissues or fluid. In patients with < 200/microliter CD4-lymphocytes, a bronchoalveolar lavage should be performed. This patient was successfully treated with amphotericin B and trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole. After 1 week the patient showed clinical and radiologic improvement and was discharged 3 weeks later.     

Spontaneous remission of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in 2 non-AIDS immunocompromised patients

Pneumocystis jiroveci (P.jiroveci) pneumonia (PCP)in non-AIDS immunocompromised patients is much more critical than that in AIDS patients.1 Without treatment,mortality of PCP in immunocompromised patients approaches 100 percent,and there were no reports of spontaneous remissions of PCP without anti-PCP therapy.2 Here we report 2 non-AIDS immunocompromised patients in whom PCP developed and remitted without treatment. Case 1 A 31-year-old man was admitted to hospital because of mild cough and fever for 14 days (the maximum temperature of 37.8℃) and a little breathless for 2 days.     

人类免疫缺陷病毒阴性病人Jiroveci氏肺孢子菌感染

对人类免疫缺陷病毒阴性病人Jiroveci氏肺孢子菌（基诺威茨肺孢菌或基瓦肺孢菌）感染的流行病学、临床表现、诊断、治疗和预防进行了简要回顾。     

A case report of pulmonary coinfection of Strongyloides stercoralis and Pneumocystis jiroveci

A case of pulmonary coinfection by Strongyloides stercoralis and Pneumocystis jiroveci has been detected in an AIDS patient treated in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit of the Muñiz Hospital. At diagnosis, the patient presented cough with mucopurulent expectoration, dyspnea, fever, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on the chest X-ray, negative bacilloscopy for acid fast bacteria and a CD4⁺ T lymphocytes count of 52 cells/µL. The microbiological diagnosis was achieved by microscopic observation of the respiratory secretions obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage, while the wet mount examination revealed rhabditiform and filariform larvae of the nematode and foamy exudates, pathognomonic of the pulmonary pneumocystosis. It was the unique case of this association among about 3 000 samples performed in our laboratory in the last 10 years and diagnosed by microscopy. Other complementary stains (a rapid modification of Grocott, Kinyoun and Giemsa) were applied to the smears after the diagnosis of mycotic and parasitary infections achieved by fresh microscopy. Both physicians and microbiologists should take into account the possible coexistence of respiratory pathogens in immunocompromised patients, such as those with AIDS.     

Clinical parameters and outcomes of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in non-HIV/AIDS patients

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia （PCP） is one of the most serious and potentially fatal infectionsencountered in immonosuppressed patients. It remains the most common cause of pulmonary morbidity and mortality in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）.     

肺奴卡菌病合并肺孢子菌感染1例并文献复习

目的探讨肺奴卡菌合并肺孢子菌感染的临床表现、诊断和治疗。方法对1例肺奴卡菌肺炎合并孢子菌感染患者的临床资料进行分析并复习相关文献。结果患者存在糖尿病,存在免疫功能低下。肺部影像呈现浸润坏死改变;气管镜下见化脓坏死及肉芽增生;组织病理和痰液六胺银染色证实肺奴卡菌和孢子菌;经SMZ-CO治疗肺部病灶明显吸收好转。结论对存在免疫功能低下的患者,出现肺部化脓性病变,一般抗菌药物治疗无效的情况下,需警惕奴卡菌感染的可能。早期细菌学检查,有利于疾病早期诊断、早期治疗,达到最佳预后。