抗心肌缺血药2,6-二甲基-4-双取代苯基-1,4-二氢吡啶-3,5-二羧酸酯的合成

本文报道了9个新的2,6-二甲基-4-双取代苯基-1,4-二氢吡淀-3,5-二羧酸酯的合成。初步药理试验表明:化合物I₆具有较强的抑制KCl诱发兔主动脉条的收缩作用,增加冠脉血流量和心输出量,降低心肌耗氧量;增强小鼠抗缺氧能力;对大鼠心肌缺血有保护作用;能缩小兔缺血心肌再灌流引起的心肌梗塞范围。     

1-(2,6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯乙胺基)丙烷盐酸盐对心脏成纤维细胞胶原I,III型mRNA表达的影响

目的：研究去甲肾上腺素（NE）引起心肌肥厚与胶原I,III型mRNA表达水平之间的关系,及兼具α₁受体阻断作用及钙离子拮抗作用的1-（2,6-二甲基苯氧基）-2-（3,4-二甲氧基苯乙胺基）丙烷盐酸盐（DDPH）的影响。方法：培养的新生鼠心肌成纤维细胞,加NE孵育,胶原I,III型mRNA表达水平用RT-PCR方法测定。结果：心肌成纤维细胞,加1 μmol．L^-1 NE孵育24 h,导致胶原I,III型表达水平分别增加10, 3.1倍,但DDPH可使其表达水平显著降低。 结论：DDPH可抑制心肌成纤维细胞胶原I,III型mRNA的表达。     

1-(2,6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(3，4-二甲氧基苯乙氨基)丙烷盐酸盐对心肌肥厚大鼠左心室N- ras, P53 mRNA表达的影响

为研究1-(2，6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(3，4-二甲氧基苯乙氨基)丙烷盐酸盐(DDPH)对心肌肥厚的逆转作用，用部分狭窄腹主动脉方法造成大鼠心肌肥厚模型，从术后wk 4开始，ig DDPH 25和50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1，持续8 wk. 术后12 wk，各组大鼠体重无显著性差异，但模型组心重/体重，左心室重/全心重明显高于对照组. 模型组心肌组织N-ras mRNA表达比对照组高，而抑癌基因P53 mRNA表达明显低于对照组，DDPH可逆转上述变化. 表明DDPH可逆转腹主动脉狭窄所致心肌肥厚.     

6-(αα-二苯基乙酰哌嗪基苯基)-4,5-二氢-5-甲基-3(2H)-哒嗪酮对兔血小板聚集及TXB2,cAMP的影响

6-(αα-二苯基乙酰哌嗪基苯基)-4,5-二氢-5-甲基-3(2H)-哒嗪酮(简称DMDP)是我院新合成的哒嗪酮的衍生物。DMDP可以显著抑制由花生四烯酸(AA(?),ADP和血小板活化因子(PAF)诱导的免血小板聚集,其IC₅₀分别为1.12±0.1.4.19±0.5和2.97±0.1μmol/L。实验还表明DMDP在1～500 μmol/L浓度范围内呈剂量依赖性地抑制兔血小板内血栓素B₂含量,但升高兔血小板内环腺苷酸水平,这可能是其抑制血小板聚集的作用机理之一。     

6-(αα-二苯基乙酰哌嗪基苯基)-4,5-二氢-5-甲基-3(2H)-哒嗪酮对兔血小板聚集及TXB_2,cAMP的影响

6-(αα-二苯基乙酰哌嗪基苯基)-4,5-二氢-5-甲基-3(2H)-哒嗪酮(简称DMDP)是我院新合成的哒嗪酮的衍生物。DMDP可以显著抑制由花生四烯酸(AA(?),ADP和血小板活化因子(PAF)诱导的免血小板聚集,其IC_(50)分别为1.12±0.1.4.19±0.5和2.97±0.1μmol/L。实验还表明DMDP在1～500 μmol/L浓度范围内呈剂量依赖性地抑制兔血小板内血栓素B_2含量,但升高兔血小板内环腺苷酸水平,这可能是其抑制血小板聚集的作用机理之一。     

1-(2,6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯乙氨基)丙烷盐酸盐对肥厚心肌DNA含量和培养心肌细胞DNA合成的影响

为研究1-(2,6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯乙氨基) 丙烷盐酸盐(DDPH)对心肌肥厚大鼠左室组织 DNA 含量有无逆转作用, 用部分狭窄腹主动脉的方法建 立心肌肥厚的模型. 术后wk4开始给药, 连续8 wk, 左室心肌切片并进行 Feulgen染色, 用 TJTY-300 图像分析系统对DNA进行相对定量, 发现肥厚组平均吸光度为0.089, 是对照组的1.43倍,而二个给药组分别为0.079和0.071, 明显低于肥厚组, 但仍高于对照组(P<0.05), 说明DDPH对肥厚心肌的 DNA 含量有一定的逆转作用. 为进一步研 究 DDPH 能否抑制去甲肾上腺素 (NE) 致培养乳鼠心肌细胞DNA合成的作用, 体外培养乳鼠心肌细胞, 实验分 6 组: (1) 对照组; (2) NE组; (3) DDPH 1.0 μmol·L^-1组; (4) DDPH 10 μmol·L^-1组; (5) 哌唑嗪(Pra) 1.0 μmol·L^-1组; 6) Pra 10 μmol·L^-1组. 每孔加［³H］TdR 37 Bq, 3 h后测 cpm 值, 发现 NE 组为对照组的3.1倍,而 DDPH 及 Pra 组均减少 cpm 值 (P<0.01), 且 Pra 组作用更明显, 二个高剂量组与对照组无显著差异, 结果说明 DDPH 可以抑制 NE 诱导的乳鼠心肌细胞 DNA 合成的增加.     

1，6-二磷酸果糖对幼兔离体心脏的保护作用

目的 研究1,6-二磷酸果糖(FDP)对幼兔离体心脏缺血一再灌注损伤的影响。方法建立幼兔离体灌流左心室顺灌做功模型,行缺血一再灌注试验。于缺血期间多次施加含5mmol／LFDP的St．ThomasⅡ号停搏液,经过120分钟缺血、30分钟再灌注,观察心功能、冠脉液肌酸激酶(CK)含量和心肌超微结构的变化。结果FDP组的心功能恢复情况优于对照组,心肌CK漏出量显著低于对照组．心肌超微结构损伤比对照组显著减轻。结论FDP对幼兔离体心脏缺血一再灌注损伤有保护作用。     

呋喃二氢吡啶Ⅰ对离体兔心局部缺血的保护作用

呋喃二氢吡啶Ⅰ20μmol╱L能使离体兔心局部缺血心肌肌酸磷酸激酶(CPK)和α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(HBD)的释放量明显减少;冠脉阻力下降,流量增加;并能降低血浆及心肌中钙、钠含量,预防缺血性心律失常的发生。提示该药对离体兔心缺血心肌的保护作用,与降低缺血心肌细胞钙、钠含量有关。     

4-((4-((2-取代苯氧基)乙基)-1-哌嗪)-甲基)-1,2-二氢喹啉-2-酮类化合物的合成及体外α-受体拮抗活性

目的研究DDPH类似物1,2-二氢喹啉-2-酮类化合物的合成及其体外α-受体拮抗活性。方法通过酰化、溴代、环合和取代反应等合成目的物;推测了异常中间体3-溴-4-溴甲基-1,2-二氢喹啉-2-酮(5)和3-溴-4-甲基-1,2-二氢喹啉-2-酮(6)的生成机理;测定目的物的体外α-受体拮抗活性。 结果设计、合成了12个新化合物II_1～6和IV_1～6,其中6个目的物1,2-二氢喹啉-2-酮类(IV_1～6)的结构经IR,¹HNMR,MS和HRMS确证;IV₃,IV₄和IV₆对兔主动脉环抑制作用较明显。结论化合物IV₃,IV₄和IV₆显示了一定的抑制活性,值得进一步研究。     

家兔鼻腔给药冰片-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物的药动学研究

目的研究冰片-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物经鼻腔给药后在兔体内的药动学。方法包合物经鼻腔给药后,采用GC法测定兔血浆中冰片浓度,以DAS 2.1.1软件拟合,计算相关药动学参数。结果冰片-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物经兔鼻腔给药后的体内过程符合二室模型,Cmax为8.162 mg/L,达峰时间tmax为1 min。结论明确了冰片-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物经鼻腔给药后在兔体内的药动学特征,为进一步制剂研究提供了参考。     

1-乙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧-7-(4-对硝基苯甲酰基-1-哌嗪基)喹啉-3-羧酸及其类似物的合成

氟哌酸(norfloxacin)是吡酮酸类药物的优秀代表之一,其特点是抗菌谱广,抗菌作用强,该药对绿脓杆菌的作用较庆大霉素强,并远优于萘啶酸和吡哌酸,但美中不足的是易于代谢和体内生物利用度及血浓度较低,从而影响了实际效果。为了改善疗效,根据药物在体内作用和代谢以及口服给药的特点,设计合成了系列氟哌酸的新类似物,以期通过改造化合物结构来改变化合物的理化性质,体内代谢途径,获得血浓度和活性高、毒副作用小,疗效更好的抗菌药物。合成路线如下:     

5-HT_4受体激动剂兼5-HT_3受体阻断剂2-[1-(4-piperonyl)piperazinyl]-benzothiazole致心律失常机制探析

目的观察5-HT4受体激动剂兼5-HT3受体阻断剂2-[1-(4-piperonyl)piperazinyl]benzothiazole对大鼠离体心脏心律的影响,并探析其电生理学机制。方法采用成年健康SD大鼠建立离体心脏Langendorff主动脉逆行灌流系统,观察0.1～10μmol·L-12-[1-(4-piperonyl)piperazinyl]benzothiazole对离体心脏节律的影响,全程记录心电图的变化。应用全细胞膜片钳技术观察2-[1-(4-piperonyl)piperazinyl]benzothiazole对胶原酶分解的大鼠心室肌细胞膜内向整流钾电流(IK1)、瞬时外向钾电流(Ito)、静息膜电位(RMP)及动作电位(AP)的影响。结果在大鼠离体心脏,0.1～10μmol·L-12-[1-(4-piperonyl)piperazinyl]benzothiazole可诱发明显的心律失常。给药15min内,药物(10μmol.L-1)诱发期前收缩(PVB)236±37个,室速(VT)和室颤(VF)发生率分别达到87.5%和62.5%(n=8,P<0.01)。膜片钳记录结果显示,0.1～10μmol·L-12-[1-(4-piperonyl)piperazi-nyl]benzothiazole可浓度依赖性抑制大鼠心室肌IK1(EC50=0.74μmol·L-1)和Ito(EC50=2.16μmol·L-1),降低膜电位,并明显延长动作电位时程(n=6,P<0.01)。结论作为5-HT4受体激动剂和5-HT3受体阻断剂2-[1-(4-pipero-nyl)piperazinyl]benzothiazole致大鼠心律失常风险的电生理学机制为抑制IK1和Ito,降低膜电位,延长动作电位时程。     

胺碘酮对大鼠心肌梗死后重构心肌细胞钾电流的作用

目的观察胺碘酮对大鼠心肌梗死后重构心肌钾通道的作用,探讨胺碘酮对心肌梗死后电重构的影响。方法采用脂肪乳灌胃方法建立大鼠高脂血症模型后结扎冠状动脉左前降支建立急性心肌梗死动物模型,应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录急性心肌梗死模型大鼠胺碘酮灌胃1wk后重构区心室肌细胞内向整流钾电流(Ik1)、瞬时外向钾电流(Ito)的变化。结果在实验电压-120mV时,模型组大鼠心室肌细胞Ik1为(-15.66±1.40)PA/PF,较正常组(-21.02±1.95)PA/PF降低(n=4,P<0.01),胺碘酮组(-11.07±1.11)PA/PF,较模型组明显降低(n=4,P<0.05)。在实验电压+50mV时,模型组大鼠心室肌细胞内Ito为(7.29±1.02)PA/PF,较正常组(13.24±1.16)PA/PF降低(n=4,P<0.01),胺碘酮组(4.12±1.01)PA/PF,较模型组降低(n=4,P<0.05)。结论胺碘酮抑制心梗后重构心肌细胞的Ik1、Ito,影响动作电位的复极过程。     

2,4-二氨基-5-甲基-6-(N-甲基取代苄氨基)喹唑啉的合成及其抗肿瘤和抗菌作用

作者曾报道2,4-二氨基-5-甲基-6-取代苄氨基喹唑啉衍生物有较好的抗疟和抗肿瘤作用。鉴于在2,4-二氨基-6-取代苄氨基喹唑啉的6位侧链氨基上引入甲基,可使抗肿瘤活性明显增强,因此设计合成了一系列2,4-二氨基-5-甲基-6-(N-甲基取     

Effects of the new dihydropyridine derivative 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid methyl 6-(5-phenyl-3-pyrazolyloxy)hexyl ester on the cardiohemodynamics and the energy metabolism of ischemic myocardium

To characterize the effects of a new calcium antagonist of the dihydropyridine type, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic++ + acid methyl 6-(5-phenyl-3-pyrazolyloxy) hexyl ester (CV-159) on the cardiovascular system, experiments were performed in the anesthetized open-chest dogs and in the heart-lung preparation with a support dog in comparison with those of nicardipine. In the anesthetized dog CV-159 (1-30 micrograms/kg) produced a dose-related decrease in mean blood pressure with a decrease in total peripheral resistance, and an increase in coronary flow. There was a reflex increase in heart rate, aortic flow and left ventricular dP/dtmax. Nicardipine (1-30 micrograms/kg) produced qualitatively similar changes in these parameters, although the onset of action was quicker and the duration shorter. Hypotensive effects of CV-159 were approximately three times less potent than those of nicardipine. In doses above 3 micrograms CV-159 produced a long-lasting increase in coronary flow and slight negative inotropic and chronotropic effects in the heart-lung preparation. In doses above 1 microgram nicardipine produced an increase in coronary flow without producing any change in the cardiac functions. The increase in coronary flow produced by these two compounds was not associated with an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption. Studies conducted with 31P-NMR in the isolated perfused heart preparation of the rat demonstrated no improvement of the ischemic derangement of the myocardial energy metabolism with doses of CV-159 and nicardipine producing an increase in coronary flow rate, but no change in myocardial oxygen demand as assessed by heart rate X left ventricular pressure.     

舒必利致心律失常的电生理研究

目的：观察不同浓度舒必利对缺血兔心浦肯野纤维动作电位的影响及舒必利对豚鼠心室肌细胞钠通道电流的作用。方法：采用标准微电极技术,观察不同浓度（1～100μmol／L）舒必利对模拟缺血液灌流的离体兔心浦肯野纤维动作电位0期去极化幅值（APA）、最大除极速率（Vmax）、有效不应期（ERP）及90％动作电位时程（APD50）的影响。应用酶解法分离豚鼠单个心室肌细胞,应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录舒必利对钠通道电流（INa）的影响。结果：不同浓度的舒必利对缺血兔浦肯野纤维动作电位的APA和APD90无明显影响,对Vmax有降低趋势。舒必利（3～300μmol／L）浓度依赖性地抑制INa（IC50=10．79μmol／L,测试电压-35mv）。10μmol／L舒必利降低了INa的最大电导gmax,使半激活、失活电压负值分别减小了1．91mV（P〈0．01）和5．22mV（P〈0．01）;恢复时间常数增加,但最大激活电流可以基本恢复至给药前。结论：舒必利可轻度逆转缺血液灌流造成的心浦肯野纤维动作电位缩短,并浓度依赖性地抑制钠电流,舒必利作用于钠通道的失活态。     

Species differences in the negative inotropic response of 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers in myocardium

To determine if species differences exist in myocardial response to 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers, the binding and pharmacologic responses of a series of DHP compounds were examined in both rat and rabbit myocardium. [3H]Nitrendipine was used to label specific binding sites in myocardial membrane particulates. The results of saturation binding experiments (n = 3) indicated no statistically significant difference in either Kd or Bmax between rat and rabbit myocardial membranes (0.19 +/- 0.02 nM and 157 +/- 29 fmol/mg protein in rat and 0.14 +/- 0.06 nM and 227 +/- 125 fmol/mg protein in rabbit). Furthermore, [3H]nitrendipine binding inhibition experiments using 12 unlabeled DHP analogues yielded Ki values for each compound that were almost identical in myocardium from rat and rabbit, resulting in an excellent 1:1 correlation when data for all of the compounds were compared (r = 0.997, p less than 0.001). The negative inotropic effect of five of these DHP compounds was studied in vitro in isolated right papillary muscles from rabbit and right ventricular strips from rat, and concentration required to displace 50% of ligand binding (IC50) values for inhibition of contraction were determined. The IC50 values were significantly greater in rat myocardium than in rabbit myocardium (p less than 0.003). Therefore, a significantly lower potency of DHP calcium channel blockers has been demonstrated in rat compared with rabbit myocardium, and this species difference cannot be explained by a difference in the DHP binding site. Rat myocardium differs from rabbit myocardium in a number of ways that may explain this lower potency.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

A novel positive inotropic series. 1st communication: in vitro studies of 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- and 8-pyridyl-2(1H)-quinolone derivatives

A series of 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- and 8-pyridyl-2(1H)-quinolones and related compounds were evaluated for positive inotropic and vasodilatory activities in vitro. Most of them produced dose-related increases in myocardial contractility on guinea pig isolated atria and perfused heart. In guinea pig atria, the 6-pyridyl molecules were more active than the 5-pyridyl ones; the mean ED50 of compounds 14, 32 and 33 was 4.0 x 10(-7) mol/l i.e. 33 times that of sulmazole; that of compounds 6 and 7 was 2.0 x 10(-5) mol/l. The potencies of the 5- and the 6-pyridyl series also differed by 2 log units on perfused guinea pig heart. The 5- and 6-pyridyl series induced relaxation in precontracted pig coronary artery and coronary vasodilation on perfused guinea pig heart. Compounds 14, 32 and 33 also showed alpha-adrenolytic properties, which were by 0.7 log unit lower than that of phentolamine. These results indicate that this novel cardiotonic series exert positive inotropic and coronary vasodilatory effects.