Changes in reactivity of pial microvessels of rats during ontogeny

Research Institute of Child and Adolescent Physiology, Academy of Pedagogic Sciences of The USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Kupriyanov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 105, No. 5, pp. 520–522, May, 1988.     

Changes in dependence of lymphocyte reactivity to phytomitogens on endogenous hormonal factors in experimental bacterial prostatitis

Dependence of lymphocyte blast transformation reactions (BTR) on phytohemagglutinin P, concanavalin A, and the mitogen pokeweed on the plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroid (11-HCS) and testosterone (T) levels and the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids was studied in 11 dogs with experimental urogenic (urethrogenic) prostatitis produced by means of a pathogenic staphylococcus isolated from a patient with chronic prostatitis. Before the experiment, multiple correlation was found between hormonal factors and BTR indices, but this was upset 1 month after infection of the animals and restored 2 months after infection. Before the experiment the association was expressed mainly by direct correlation with 11-HCS, but 2 months after the experiment, by negative correlation with T. The homeostatic character of the hormonallymphoid dependence relative to T is suggested.Kiev Scientific-Research Institute of Diseases of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (Urology). Kiev Scientific-Research Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. N. Zhukov-Verezhnikov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 87, No. 6, pp. 601–604, June, 1979.     

Response of the mesenteric microcirculation of rats with experimental renal hypertension to histamine and adrenalin

The response of the blood flow and arterioles (the change in their diameter) in the rat mesentery to application of histamine (100–500 μg) and adrenalin (1–10 μg) was studied in vivo. The sensitivity of the microvessels 10–30 μ in diameter to the action of these substances was reduced in hypertension.     

Cardiovascular reactivity and design in rats with experimental "neurogenic hypertension"

The arterial barorecptors were denervated in 20 normotensive Wistar rats. 2 1/2 months after the operation their cardiovascular responses to "mental stress" were compared to those of matched control rats (NCR). At the time of investigation the blood pressure of the baroreceptor denervated rats (BDR) was increased some 15 per cent above that of the control group. There was, however, no difference in response to "mental stress" between groups, if anything the BDR reponded with less pronounced tachycardia. Two months subsequent to the stress-test the men blood pressure of the BDR was still significantly above normal levels, but the BDR did not exhibit structural cardiovascular adaptation, which has been documented in most types of stable hypertension as a response to the increased mean blood pressure. The results imply that hypertension induced by baroreceptor denervation is not of a stable and persistent type in which case structural changes in the cardiovascular system would have developed within the observation period (approximately 4 months). Emotional stimuli, however, do not seem to contribute to periodic blood pressure increase at the time of measurement, as earlier suggested.     

Cardiovascular reactivity and family history of hypertension: a meta-analysis

A regression-based meta-analysis examined the degree to which the effects of a family history of hypertension on cardiovascular reactivity are moderated by the magnitude of cardiovascular responses elicited in challenge/task conditions. Mean change scores for negative family history groups were regressed on mean change scores for positive family history groups. The slopes of separate regression lines obtained for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were significantly less than 1.0 and the y-intercepts for these regression lines were significantly greater than zero. This pattern indicates that family history differences in cardiovascular reactivity to stress are greatest in situations that elicit the smallest baseline-stressor change scores in non-family-history groups.     

Effect of short-term cerebral ischemia on the mesenteric microcirculation in rats

The effect of cerebral ischemia produced by compression of both common carotid arteries on the mesenteric microcirculation was studied in experiments on rats. The extent and intensity of the microcirculatory disturbances were shown to depend on the duration of ischemia and of the postischemic period. The state of the systemic hemodynamics was compared with that of the mesenteric microcirculation. The possible mechanisms of the microcirculatory disturbances are discussed.Laboratory of General Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 7, pp. 9–12, July, 1979.     

阻断肠淋巴液回流提升失血性休克大鼠的血管反应性和钙敏感性

目的:观察肠淋巴管结扎或肠淋巴液引流对失血性休克(HS)大鼠血管反应性与钙敏感性的影响,探讨肠淋巴液在休克血管低反应性中的作用。方法:72只Wistar雄性大鼠随机均分为sham组(仅手术)、shock组(复制HS模型)、shock+ligation组(复制HS模型,行肠淋巴管结扎)、shock+drainage组(复制HS模型,行肠淋巴液引流)。记录所有动物在不同时点给予去甲肾上腺素(NE 3μg/kg)后平均动脉血压(MAP)的变化;维持低血压40 mmHg 3 h后,制备肠系膜上动脉(SMA)血管环(均n=36)。采用离体血管环张力测定技术,观察SMA血管环对NE反应性以及钙敏感性[梯度Ca2+、与血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、胰岛素(Ins)分别孵育]的变化。结果:Shock组在休克即刻和0.5 h△MAP显著高于sham组,在1.5 h、2 h、2.5 h、3 h均显著降低;shock+ligation和shock+drainage组在休克即刻、0.5 h、1 h时△MAP显著高于sham组,在2.5 h和3 h时显著降低;shock+ligation和shock+drainage组在休克0.5 h后多个时点的△MAP均显著高于shock组。Shock、shock+ligation和shock+drainage组SMA血管环对NE的反应性和Ca2+的敏感性均显著低于sham组;shock+ligation和shock+drainage组SMA血管环对NE的反应性和Ca2+的敏感性均高于shock组。SMA与AngⅡ或Ins孵育后,shock、shock+ligation和shock+drainage组血管反应性和钙敏性均显著低于sham组,且shock+ligation和shock+drainage组均显著高于shock组。结论:以肠淋巴管结扎或肠淋巴液引流阻断休克肠淋巴液回流,均可提高HS大鼠的血管反应性,其机制与提高钙敏感性有关。     

Changes in the microcirculation in rats with experimental trigeminal neuralgia

Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Pain and Laboratory of General Pathology of the Microcirculation, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 111, No. 1, pp. 9–11, January, 1991.     

大豆低聚糖和低聚肽对高脂血症大鼠血管活性物质和血液流变学的影响

目的探讨大豆低聚糖(SOS)和大豆低聚肽(SOP)对高脂血症大鼠血管活性物质和血液流变学的影响。方法60只健康成年SD大鼠随机分为5组:分别饲喂正常饲料(正常对照组,NCG),高脂饲料(高血脂模型组,HCG),高脂饲料 2%SOS(SOS组)、高脂饲料 3%SOP(SOP组)、高脂饲料 2%SOS 3%SOP(SOSP组)8周,测定大鼠血脂、血管活性物质PG I2、TXA2、NO和血液流变学指标。结果各实验组均能显著降低高脂血症大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C,升高HDL-C,改善血脂水平。同时升高PG I2、NO,降低TXA2和TXA2/PG I2比值,还能降低血黏度和红细胞压积,并以复合干预组效果最佳。结论SOS和SOP具有良好的调节血脂、影响血管活性物质生成和改善血液流变学的作用,以联合使用效果最为显著。