血脂异常与男性勃起功能的相关性研究

目的:探讨血脂异常与男性勃起功能之间的相关关系。　方法:于清晨空腹采集外周血标本,使用生化分 析仪测定其中血清总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的浓度。从上述 4项结果中至少1项有异常的患者中随机选取200例男性患者,用勃起功能障碍国际指数问卷表(IIEF 5)评估这 些患者的勃起功能,并用统计学方法分析两者之间的相关关系。　结果:血脂异常者勃起功能障碍(ED)的发病率 为47%。年龄、冠心病、空腹血糖水平升高、良性前列腺增生(BPH)、服药、高血压均与勃起功能评分之间呈负相 关,HDL与勃起功能评分之间呈正相关。年龄、冠心病、TC/HDL为ED的危险因素,HDL为保护因素,调整年龄因 素后,冠心病、TC/HDL、BPH均为危险因素,HDL是保护因素。　结论:高血脂是影响男性勃起功能的一个重要因 素。其中HDL水平的下降和TC/HDL比值的上升是ED的重要的危险因素。TC/HDL比值的检测和HDL水平的 检测都是预测ED发生的敏感指标。     

多剂量伐地那非治疗男性勃起功能障碍的临床研究

目的评估不同剂量新型磷酸二酯酶5（PED5）抑制剂伐地那非治疗男性勃起功能障碍（ED）的有效性和安全性。方法采用随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照、3个药物剂量（5、10和20mg）的方法，对88例ED患者进行为期12周的临床研究。结果伐地那非5mg、10mg和20mg组均能改善患者国际勃起功能指数（IIEF）中勃起功能部分的得分、患者日记中插入和保持勃起的成功率，改善程度优于安慰剂组。伐地那非20mg组对IIEF问卷中勃起功能部分得分的改善优于伐地那非5mg组。伐地那非组不良事件的发生率高于安慰剂组，但多为轻中度，且可自行缓解。结论伐地那非是治疗男性勃起功能障碍的安全、有效药物。     

阴茎异常勃起的诊治流程：附6例报告

目的探讨阴茎异常勃起的规范诊治流程。方法回顾分析我院6例勃起时间超过24h,经保守治疗无效的患者,其中服用西地那非后性交所致1例,应用血管活性药物所致1例,会阴外伤所致1例,原因不明3例。给予海绵体血气分析、阴茎彩色多普勒超声检查,5例低流量型异常勃起患者行阴茎头阴茎海绵体分流术,1例高流量型异常勃起患者行选择性阴茎海绵体动脉栓塞术。结果6例患者持续勃起均消退,未见复发。随访2～24个月,5例低流量型阴茎异常勃起患者出现不同程度的海绵体纤维化或勃起功能障碍,1例高流量型阴茎异常勃起患者恢复正常。结论彩色多普勒超声、海绵体血气分析及选择性阴茎海绵体动脉造影等系统性检查是必要的,有助于阴茎异常勃起的准确诊断。对于低流量型异常勃起,早期的系统性诊治是避免术后海绵体纤维化、勃起功能障碍发生的关键。     

脊髓损伤患者勃起功能障碍的治疗

大多数脊髓损伤(SCI)的男性患者存在不同类型及程度的勃起功能障碍(ED),这主要取决于SCI的部位和严重程度。SCI康复期,部分男性患者可恢复残留的性功能。SCI后ED的治疗包括心理治疗、口服PDE5抑制剂、海绵体注射血管活性药物(ICI)、经尿道给药、真空勃起装置(VED)及阴茎缩窄环、阴茎假体植入手术、骶神经调节等,首选口服PDE5抑制剂治疗。高位SCI患者口服PDE5抑制剂,可能获得较好的疗效;而低位的SCI患者,采用ICI或者联合治疗的效果较好。     

万菲乐治疗勃起功能障碍的临床疗效和安全性研究(附100例报告)

目的:探讨万菲乐治疗男性勃起功能障碍的临床疗效观察及安全性。方法:100例ED患者口服100 mg万菲乐3日1次,3个月为1个疗程,比较治疗前后国际勃起功能指数调查表5个简化问题(IIEF-5)的评分,评估临床总有效率以及观察不良反应。结果:万菲乐治疗ED患者的临床总有效率达95.6%,不同程度组的ED患者IIEF评分均较治疗前有统计学差异(P0.05),发生药物不良反应共5例(5.50%),均是一过性的,程度轻微。结论:万菲乐治疗男性勃起功能障碍是安全有效的。     

肠道菌群对男性生殖与性健康的因果关系

目的:应用两样本MR方法挖掘211种肠道菌群对男性生殖与性健康的因果关系。方法:采用MiBioGen联盟发布的全基因组关联研究(GWAS)相关遗传变异数据作为肠道菌群的工具变量(IVs),芬兰生物样本库GWAS相关遗传变异数据分别作为男性不育症、畸形精子症、性功能障碍、勃起功能障碍、睾丸功能障碍的IVs。使用逆方差加权法作为MR分析方法,根据效应指标优势比和95%置信区间评估结果,并进行数据敏感性分析。结果:分别发现6种与男性不育症相关、12种与畸形精子症相关、5种与性功能障碍相关、4种与勃起功能障碍、4种与睾丸功能障碍有关的肠道菌群,且数据敏感性分析无异常,因果方向均正确。结论:肠道菌群与男性生殖与性健康密切相关。     

冠心病与勃起功能障碍的流行病学调查

目的 探讨勃起功能障碍(ED)在冠心病(CHD)患者中的分布、危险因子,以及ED与CHD的相关性.方法 采用国际勃起功能评分-5(IIEF-5)判断ED的标准,共调查100例确诊为冠心病患者(CHD组)与87例非冠心病患者(非CHD组),均为已婚男性.比较2组暴露于不同危险因子下勃起功能的变化.分别对可能引起ED患病率...     

胰激肽原酶在男性生殖领域的研究进展

男性生殖系统疾病与微循环障碍的关系日益受到关注.胰激肽原酶作为改善微循环的药物,应用于男性生殖领域疾病的治疗是近年来的研究热点.近期报道胰激肽原酶具有类似5型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂的作用,可能成为治疗勃起功能障碍的新药物.本文主要从激肽释放酶-激肽系统及胰激肽原酶提高精子质量、促进精液液化、改善勃起功能等几个方面探讨其可能的...     

腹型肥胖与男性勃起功能障碍的相关性研究

目的 探讨腹型肥胖与男性勃起功能障碍之间的相关关系.方法 随机选取符合研究条件的男性受试者210例.测量腰围、体重指数、腰臀比.符合标准者于清晨空腹采集外周血标本,使用生化分析仪测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的浓度.用勃起功能障碍国际指数问卷表(IIEF-5)评估这些受试者的勃起功能,并用统计学方法分析两者之间的相关关系.结果 腹型肥胖者勃起功能障碍(ED)的发病率为48.6%.腰围、腰臀比、体重指数与勃起功能评分之间呈负相关.结论 腹型肥胖是影响男性勃起功能的一个重要因素.校正年龄因素后,腰围、腰臀比与体重指数越高勃起功能评分越低.     

糖尿病患者勃起功能障碍的流行病学调查

目的：研究勃起功能障碍在糖尿病人群中的分布及其危险因子，探讨勃起功能障碍（ED）的病因、发病机制和和病理生理。方法：采用国际勃起功能评分－5（IIEF－5）作为判断有无勃起功能障碍的标准，共调查了187例分泌门诊糖尿病成年已婚男性，比较该人群中暴露于不同危险因子下勃起功能的变化。并同时对可能引起ED患病率增加的多个危险因子分别进行研究。结果：发病与糖尿病患者的年龄，吸烟，文化教育水平，病程、血糖控制水平以及是否合并神经，视网膜病变和糖尿病足综合征等因素密切相关，与糖尿病患者的糖尿病分型，治疗方案、BMI指数，既往有无高血压病，冠心病史，饮酒，是否合并轻度肾功能损害等因素无显著性关联。结论：糖尿病人应该注意控制血糖水平，戒烟，加强对糖尿病了解及配合医生系统有效治疗减少并发症，以达到降低ED发病水平及提高生活质量的目的。     

Limbic epileptogenesis in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome

Fragile X syndrome (FXS), caused by silencing of the Fmr1 gene, is the most common form of inherited mental retardation. Epilepsy is reported to occur in 20-25% of individuals with FXS. However, no overall increased excitability has been reported in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice, except for increased sensitivity to auditory stimulation. Here, we report that kindling increased the expressions of Fmr1 mRNA and protein in the forebrain of wild-type (WT) mice. Kindling development was dramatically accelerated in Fmr1 KO mice, and Fmr1 KO mice also displayed prolonged electrographic seizures during kindling and more severe mossy fiber sprouting after kindling. The accelerated rate of kindling was partially repressed by inhibiting N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) with MK-801 or mGluR5 receptor with 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP). The rate of kindling development in WT was not effected by MPEP, however, suggesting that FMRP normally suppresses epileptogenic signaling downstream of metabolic glutamate receptors. Our findings reveal that FMRP plays a critical role in suppressing limbic epileptogenesis and predict that the enhanced susceptibility of patients with FXS to epilepsy is a direct consequence of the loss of an important homeostatic factor that mitigates vulnerability to excessive neuronal excitation.     

Difficulties in achieving vs maintaining erection: organic, psychogenic and relational determinants

Achieving and maintaining a penile erection are two essential components of the male sexual response. It has recently been suggested that distinct molecular mechanism could underlie the two disturbances. The aim of the present study is to verify possible clinical differences on pathogenetic factors underlying difficulties of achieving and maintaining an erection. We studied a consecutive series of 560 patients (aged 51.9+/-12.8 y old) reporting erectile dysfunction (ED), using SIEDY structured interview. Patients were classified into two distinct categories: those with difficulties in maintaining, rather than achieving, an erection (sample A) and those with main problems in achieving an erection (sample B). A complete physical examination and a series of metabolic, biochemical, hormonal, psychometric, penile vascular tests and nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity evaluations (NPT) were also performed. Sample B patients showed a higher prevalence of organic conditions related to ED, when compared with sample A as confirmed by higher SIEDY scale 1 scores (3[1-5] vs 1[0.1-3] for sample B vs sample A, respectively; P < 0.0001) which explores organic component of ED and higher prevalence of pathological instrumental parameters. No difference among groups was observed for SIEDY scale 2 (relational component) and SIEDY scale 3 (intrapsychic component) of ED. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time that patients with difficulties in maintaining erection are less likely to be affected by organic disturbances interfering with sexual function, when compared with those unable to achieve a valid erection.     

Multicenter study of the treatment of erectile dysfunction with transurethral alprostadil (MUSE) in Korea

A Korean multicenter study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of transurethral alprostadil with MUSE in 334 subjects with chronic erectile dysfunction (ED) who were enrolled in 21 clinical centers. Patients with psychogenic impotence comprised about 30% of subjects. Intraurethral alprostadil was titrated in a stepwise fashion in the clinics from 250 to 500 or 1000 mcg based on erectile response and tolerability. The erectile responses were evaluated using an erection assessment scale (score of 1-5). The dose that produced a maximal penile response of score 5 (full rigid erection) or 4 (full tumescence, partial rigidity) was selected for home treatment. Patients who showed partial erection (score of 3) with 1000 mcg were also included in the home-treatment group. In-clinic phase: 198 men (59.3%) had maximal penile responses of score 4 or 5. The rate of maximal responses was not related to patient age, etiology or duration of the ED. A total of 228 (68.3%) men progressed to home treatment. The overall level of comfort of the transurethral alprostadil was rated as uncomfortable or very uncomfortable in 12%. Home phase: During the two-month period of home treatment, 178 (78.1%) men had successful sexual intercourse at least once, and 78.2% of administrations (1976) resulted in successful intercourse. The main causes of drop-out were insufficient erectile response in 27 men (11.8%), adverse reactions (mostly penile or urethral pain) in 7 (3.1%) or both in 7 (3.1%). In conclusion, transurethral alprostadil could be a suitable treatment option for patients with ED regardless of age and etiology of ED. Efficacy in an Asian population (Korea) is comparable to that reported previously in Caucasians.     

彩色多普勒超声检查在血管性勃起功能障碍诊断中的应用

目的 :探讨多普勒超声检查在诊断血管性勃起功能障碍 (ED)的临床价值。　方法 :应用多普勒超声检查阴茎药物诱导勃起前后的血液动力学改变 ,将非血管性ED病人与明确诊断血管性ED病人的多普勒超声变化进行对比 ,寻找血管性ED的特征。　结果 :动脉性ED病人深动脉的最大血流速度 (PSV)明显小于正常组 (P <0 .0 1) ;静脉性ED病人在阴茎完全勃起后背深静脉血流 (VV)仍大于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论 :配合药物诱导阴茎勃起 ,多普勒超声检查是临床上筛选血管性ED的有效手段     

Pilot study to determine improvements in subjective penile morphology and personal relationships following a Nesbit plication procedure for men with congenital penile curvature

Aim： To determine whether the surgical straightening of congenital penile curvature can improve intromission comfort, penile features, personal relationships and psychogenic erectile dysfunction （ED）. Methods： Fifty-four patients （mean age 24 years, range 20-31 years） whose congenital penile deviation due to physiological curvature was ≥ 25 degrees, as measured on a graph, and who were experiencing penetration discomfort were assessed specifically for the present study. Of these, 14 patients suffered from psychogenic ED. The assessment included a case history, an objective examination, a pharmacologically-induced erection with prostaglandin E1 10-20 g, a graph taken during erection, a basal and dynamic Duplex ultrasonograph, penile length measurement, nocturnal penile tumescence recording, hormonal profiles and a psychological interview to evaluate the quality of their personal relationships according to Hinde＇s parameters （contents, number, features, frequency, ability to perceive limits of mutuality, subjective perception of the other person[s], and reliability）. All patients underwent the Nesbit procedure. The initial assessment was repeated at 3 and 12 months after surgery. Data analyses were carried out using the z test. Results： Subjective judgement of cosmetic penile features and vaginal intromission comfort improved significantly after surgery whereas the quality of personal relationships and ED did not. Conclusion： The surgical straightening of congenital penile curvature improved intromission comfort and penile features, but it failed to improve interpersonal relationships or psychogenic ED.     

Did men with erectile dysfunction discuss their condition with partner and physicians? A survey of men attending a free call information service

We present data collected among men attending a free call service on information on erectile dysfunction (ED) activated in Italy during the period 1997-1999. Their attitudes towards discussion with their partner and physician about the condition are considered. Each subject, was asked if he was affected by ED (defined as inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance). In the case of a positive answer, the subject was asked if he had ever discussed his condition with partner or a physician. A total of 12 761 subjects with ED called the service: 7265 (56.9%) reported to have discussed their condition with their partner. The proportion tended to increase with duration of ED, being 47.9% in subjects reporting ED lasting <6 months and 59.9% in those reporting ED lasting >3 y (w(2)(1) trend <0.05). Likewise, the proportion of subjects reporting to have discussed ED with a physician was 50.3% (6416 subjects), being 33.6% in subjects with ED lasting <6 months and 57.9% of those with ED lasting >3 y (w(2)(1) trend, P<0.01).     

The utility of sildenafil citrate for infertile men with sexual dysfunction: a pilot study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use the sildenafil citrate, recognized as a first-line therapy for men with erectile dysfunction (ED), and which is safe and effective in men with various causes and severity of ED, including psychogenic ED, in a population of infertile men with sexual dysfunction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Infertility is a major source of life stress and might be associated with sexual dysfunction through the erosion of self-esteem and self-confidence, and in stimulating discord in a relationship. Men presenting for evaluation of fertility who on questioning by the physician reported the recent onset of sexual dysfunction, had a history taken, a physical examination, hormonal profile, and completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), a validated inventory for assessing sexual dysfunction. Thirty men with a score of <26 on the erectile function domain of the IIEF, or who complained of new onset rapid or delayed ejaculation, were treated with sildenafil with no randomization or placebo control. The evaluation was repeated and the IIEF completed again > or =3 months after starting treatment. RESULTS: For men complaining of ED, subjective erectile rigidity, duration of erection, and the percentage of successful penetration attempts significantly improved with sildenafil. The mean (sd) IIEF domain scores for erection and satisfaction, at 18 (4) vs 27 (3), and 12 (2) vs 16 (3) (both P = 0.01), and orgasm, at 4 (1) vs 6 (3) (P = 0.001), respectively, significantly improved after treatment. In patients with ejaculatory dysfunction, the function improved in 64% after sildenafil therapy. CONCLUSIONS: We identified the nature of sexual dysfunction associated with male-factor infertility, and showed the efficacy of sildenafil therapy in men with this condition.     

Psycho-biological correlates of rapid ejaculation in patients attending an andrologic unit for sexual dysfunctions

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Rapid ejaculation (RE) is the most common sexual dysfunction in males. The aim of the present study is to determine the contribution of intrapsychic, organic and relational factors to the pathogenesis of RE and the relationship between RE and erectile dysfunction (ED) in a sample of patients attending for the first time to an Outpatient Clinic for sexual dysfunction. METHODS: We studied a consecutive series of 755 patients using Structured Interview on Erectile Dysfunction (SIEDY), a brief, recently validated, multidimensional instrument specifically designed by our group for the study of pathogenetic factors of ED. RE was defined as ejaculation within 1 minute of vaginal intromission and its severity was categorized on a 4-point scale using a standard question. A complete physical examination and a series of biochemical, hormonal, psychometric, penile vascular and rigidometric evaluations were performed. RESULTS: Twenty-eight percent (n = 214) of patients attending to our sexology clinic reported RE of any degree. Patients reporting RE were younger (48.5 +/- 12.6 vs. 52.9 +/- 12.9 years old for RE and not RE respectively; p < 0.0001) and showed a higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms when compared to the rest of the sample. Among organic factors subjects with RE showed a higher prevalence of hyperthyroidism and significantly lower fasting plasma glucose (94 [87-110] and 98 [89-113] mg/dl for RE and non-RE respectively; p < 0.01). No difference among groups was observed for other hormones or clinical, biochemical and instrumental parameters. Finally RE patients showed a higher prevalence of partial erection sufficient for penetration when compared to the rest of the sample. Similar differences were observed between patients with and without RE when those without ED were excluded from the analysis. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a minor involvement of organic factors to the pathogenesis of ED in patients with concomitant RE. On the other hand, in our sample, patients complaining about RE are younger, healthier than the rest of the sample and are characterized by high degree of anxiety symptoms and hyperthyroidism.     

每日小剂量他达拉非治疗骨盆骨折尿道断裂后勃起功能障碍的疗效观察

目的:评价每日小剂量他达拉非治疗骨盆骨折尿道断裂(PFUD)后勃起功能障碍(ED)的疗效。方法:2008年1月至2011年12月共有46例骨盆骨折尿道断裂后ED患者纳入观察。患者年龄25～51(33.9±7.2)岁,受伤时间3～72(19.6±12.7)个月。所有患者自诉受伤前的性功能正常。患者在未服用5型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂的情况下进行夜间勃起周径和硬度测量(NPTR)。根据NPTR检测结果将患者分为有夜间勃起异常组和无夜间勃起组。对所有患者给予每晚他达拉非10 mg治疗3个月,采用IIEF-5评分、性生活日记问题2和问题3评价治疗效果。结果:38例(82.6%)患者完成检查和治疗,8例失访。NPTR检测证实夜间勃起异常26例(68.4%),无夜间勃起12例(31.6%)。他达拉非治疗3个月后,夜间勃起异常组患者IIEF-5改善明显高于无夜间勃起组(P<0.05),夜间勃起异常组患者对SEP2和SEP3回答"是"的比例明显高于无夜间勃起组(76.9%vs41.7%,65.4%vs 25.0%,P<0.05)。结论:每日小剂量他达拉非可有效改善PFUD后ED患者的勃起功能,有夜间勃起的患者治疗效果更明显。     

Efficacy and safety of fixed-dose oral sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction of various etiologies

OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose oral sildenafil in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) of various etiologies. METHODS: In a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose study, 514 men (mean age 56 years) with ED were randomized to receive 25, 50, or 100 mg of sildenafil or placebo. The primary etiology of ED was determined to be organic in 32% of men, psychogenic in 25%, or mixed in 43%. Sildenafil or placebo was taken in the home setting approximately 1 hour before sexual activity, not more than once daily. Efficacy was determined by responses to question 3 (ability to achieve an erection) and question 4 (ability to maintain an erection) of the 15-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Other measures of efficacy included the five sexual function domains of the IIEF, a global efficacy question, event log data, and a partner questionnaire. RESULTS: Sildenafil significantly increased patients' ability to achieve and maintain erections (P <0.0001), with efficacy increasing with increasing dose. Significant improvements were also observed in the IIEF domains for erectile function, orgasmic function, intercourse satisfaction, and overall sexual satisfaction (P <0.0001). The proportion of subjects who felt that treatment with sildenafil improved their erections was significantly greater (67% to 86%) than that with placebo treatment (24%, P <0.0001). The proportion of successful attempts at sexual intercourse also increased significantly with sildenafil treatment (P <0.001). Partner responses corroborated patient reports. Sildenafil was well tolerated at the three doses studied. CONCLUSIONS: Oral sildenafil is an effective, well-tolerated treatment for ED of various etiologies.