血脂康对老年高脂血症患者高敏C反应蛋白及血脂的影响

目的观察血脂康对老年高脂血症患者高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及血脂的影响。方法 68例老年高脂血症患者随机分为对照组(34例)和治疗组(34例)。治疗组加服血脂康胶囊治疗12周,检测两组患者血清hs-CRP及血脂水平。结果治疗组治疗后血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和hs-CRP水平均显著低于治疗前和对照组(P<0.01),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)显著高于治疗前和对照组(P<0.05)。对照组患者治疗前后血清hs-CRP及血脂水平无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论血脂康不仅对老年高脂血症患者血脂有调节作用,且可以降低血清hs-CRP水平,抑制炎症反应。     

舒胸片调节血脂活性部位的筛选研究

目的探讨舒胸片调节血脂作用的活性部位。方法对舒胸片用不同极性溶剂提取,以高脂血症小鼠血清的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)为指标对各部位进行筛选。结果舒胸片的乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位可以显著降低大鼠的血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平,升高血清HDL-C水平。结论乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位为舒胸片降血脂作用的主要活性部位。     

心脑舒通对高血压病伴高脂血症患者血脂及超敏C反应蛋白的影响

目的探讨心脑舒通胶囊对高血压病伴高脂血症患者血脂及超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的影响。方法将100例高血压病伴高脂血症患者随机分为观察组(心脑舒通联合辛伐他汀滴丸)50例和对照组(辛伐他汀滴丸)50例,治疗前后分别测定血浆总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和hs-CRP,比较两组血脂及hs-CRP的情况。结果治疗3个月后观察组TC、TG、LDL-C、hs-CRP比对照组明显减低(P0.05),HDL-C明显增高(P0.05)。结论心脑舒通可明显降低高血压病伴高脂血症患者血脂,降低血浆hs-CRP水平。     

降脂灵片联合辛伐他汀治疗高脂血症临床观察

目的观察降脂灵片联合辛伐他汀治疗高脂血症的临床疗效。方法 68例高脂血症患者,随机分为降脂灵片联合辛伐他汀治疗组和辛伐他汀对照组,观察两组临床疗效及治疗前后血脂变化。结果降脂灵片联合辛伐他汀可显著降低血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),使高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)明显升高,治疗前后比较有统计学意义(P0.01);在降低TC、LDL-C,提升HDL-C水平方面,与对照组比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论降脂灵片联合辛伐他汀降脂作用明显,疗效稳定,是治疗高脂血症的理想药物。     

国产辛伐他汀与舒降之调血脂作用的对比观察

目的 :对比观察国产辛代他汀与进口辛伐他汀 (舒降之 )对高脂血症患者的调血脂作用。　　方法 :将 16 0例高脂血症患者以抽签法随机分为辛伐他汀组 (n=10 0 )及舒降之组 (n=6 0 ) ,分别口服国产辛伐他汀及舒降之。观察用药 4周及 8周患者的血清总胆固醇 (TC) ,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (L DL- C) ,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL- C) ,(TC- HDL- C) /HDL- C及甘油三酯 (TG)变化。　　结果 :服用国产辛伐他汀 4周及 8周可分别使患者血清 TC降低 2 2 .8%、2 8.1% ,L DL - C降低 2 7.9%、32 .2 % ,(TC-HDL- C) /HDL- C降低 36 .3%、45 .2 % ,HDL- C升高 13.4%、16 .1% ,合并高甘油三酯血症患者 TG降低 19.4%、2 9.4% ,但对单纯高胆固醇血症患者 TG水平无显著影响。服药 4周即有明显调血脂疗效。　　结论 :国产辛伐他汀调血脂作用疗效肯定 ,与其相应进口产品舒降之比较基本相同。     

通心络治疗高脂血症54例疗效观察

目的观察通心络胶囊治疗高脂血症的临床疗效。方法从5000体检职工中选取108例明确诊断为高脂血症的病人,随机分成两组,对照组54例,给予调节生活方式,如心理健康教育、饮食控制、合理运动锻炼。治疗组54例在上述调节生活方式的基础上口服通心络胶囊,4粒/次,每日3次,4周为1个疗程,观察两组治疗前后血脂变化。结果治疗组治疗后血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)与治疗前比较均显著下降(P<0.05);高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)轻度升高(P<0.05)。对照组TC,TG,LDL-C无明显变化。整个治疗过程无不良反应发生。结论口服通心络胶囊可有效降低高脂血症病人的血脂水平,临床使用安全有效。     

氟伐他汀钠对大鼠高脂血症模型的实验研究

目的 探讨氟伐他汀钠(来适可)对高脂血症老龄大鼠血脂的影响.方法 选择健康Wister大鼠随机分为4组,采用高脂血症模型,用酶法检测血清中胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)含量,化学修饰法检测血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的指标.结果 来适可和利之舒均能降低血清中TC、TG、LDL-C含量,升高HDL-C(P<0.05).结论 动物实验研究发现,来适可具有调脂作用.     

瑞舒伐他汀对老年高脂血症高敏C反应蛋白的影响及调脂疗效观察

目的探讨瑞舒伐他汀对老年高脂血症患者血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的影响、调脂疗效及其安全性。方法检测48例使用瑞舒伐他汀治疗前,以及治疗1、3个月后的老年高脂血症患者血清hs-CRP水平、血脂水平、肝肾功能和肌溶解反应。选取48例年龄与性别相匹配的健康者作为正常对照。结果高脂血症组血清hs-CRP水平高于对照组(P0.01);高脂血症组治疗1、3个月后,hs-CRP、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均明显下降(P0.01),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平明显上升(P0.01),其中治疗1个月后治疗组hs-CRP水平下降33%,TC水平下降32.18%,TG水平下降12.75%,LDL-C水平下降36.04%,HDL-C水平上升8.07%;治疗3个月后治疗组hs-CRP、TC和LDL-C水平仍明显下降,与治疗1个月后比较,差异有显著性(P0.01)。结论应用瑞舒伐他汀治疗老年高脂血症患者,除调脂效果明显外,尚能显著降低血清hs-CRP水平,并且无明显肝肾功能损害和肌溶解等不良反应。     

阿托伐他汀治疗糖尿病合并高脂血症疗效及对血小板活化功能的影响

目的:探讨阿托伐他汀对糖尿病合并高脂血症患者血脂、血小板活化功能的干预作用。方法:对88例糖尿病合并高脂血症患者用阿托伐他汀治疗4、8周。治疗前、后观察血小板颗粒膜蛋白(GMP140)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)含量的变化,并与82例健康成人(对照组)进行比较。结果:糖尿病并高脂血症患者血脂及GMP-140水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05～<0.01)。阿托伐他汀能有效降低TC、TG、LDL-C及GMP-140水平(P<0.05～<0.01)。结论:阿托伐他汀对糖尿病合并高脂血症患者具有调脂和抑制血小板活性的作用。     

血液灌流治疗高脂血症的疗效评价

目的探讨血液灌流治疗高脂血症的临床疗效。方法回顾分析我院2013年2月至2014年12月收治的40例高脂血症患者临床资料,实施血液灌流治疗后,检测患者治疗前、后血浆总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、TG(甘油三脂)各项血脂指标及不良反应发生率。结果 40例患者行血液灌流治疗后,患者TC(4.61.2)、TG(2.40.3)、LDL(3.50.7)水平均有所降低,TG下降程度最明显,与治疗前比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗过程中有2例发生寒战,采用抗过敏治疗后症状明显改善,其他患者并没有出现明显不良反应。结论血液灌流是治疗高脂血症安全有效的方法,能有效降低各项血脂指标,值得在临床上大力推广应用。     

Interferon α2–Thymosin α1 Fusion Protein (IFNα2–Tα1): A Genetically Engineered Fusion Protein with Enhanced Anticancer and Antiviral Effect

Human interferon α2 (IFNα2) and thymosin α1 (Tα1) are therapeutic proteins used for the treatment of viral infections and different types of cancer. Both IFNα2 and Tα1 show a synergic effect in their activities when used in combination. Furthermore, the therapeutic fusion proteins produced through the genetic fusion of two genes can exhibit several therapeutic functions in one molecule. In this study, we determined the anticancer and antiviral effect of human interferon α2–thymosin α1 fusion protein (IFNα2–Tα1) produced in our laboratory for the first time. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of IFNα2–Tα1 was evaluated in HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The in vitro assays confirmed that IFNα2–Tα1 inhibited the growth of cells more effectively than IFNα2 alone and showed an elevated genotoxic effect. The expression of proapoptotic genes was also significantly enhanced in IFNα2–Tα1-treated cells compared to IFNα2-treated cells. Furthermore, the HCV RNA level was significantly reduced in IFNα2–Tα1-treated HCV-infected Huh7 cells compared to IFNα2-treated cells. The quantitative PCR analysis showed that the expression of various genes, the products of which inhibit HCV replication, was significantly enhanced in IFNα2–Tα1-treated cells compared to IFNα2-treated cells. Our findings demonstrate that IFNα2–Tα1 is more effective than single IFNα2 as an anticancer and antiviral agent.     

Physiologic and immunologic effects of subxiphoid pulmonary lobectomy compared with transthoracic pulmonary lobectomy in a canine survival model

Background

Subxiphoid thoracoscopic surgery has been used in various thoracic surgical procedures. The aim of this study is to compare the physiological and inflammatory responses between subxiphoid thoracoscopic surgery and standard transthoracic thoracoscopic surgery for anatomic pulmonary lobectomy in a canine model.

Methods

Nineteen dogs were assigned to subxiphoid (n=10) or standard thoracoscopy (n=9). Animals in the subxiphoid and standard thoracoscopy group received anatomic lobectomy via a 3-cm xiphoid and thoracic incision, respectively. Physiological and inflammatory parameters were compared between the two groups before surgery, during the operation, and on postoperative days 1, 3, 7, and 14. The animals were sacrificed and necropsied at 2 weeks after surgery.

Results

All procedures were performed successfully with no conversion nor complication. The physiologic changes were similar in both groups. There was no observable different between the two groups in terms of C-reactive protein (CRP) level, interleukin-6 (IL-6) level, neutrophil count, neutrophil 20,70-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) expression, monocyte count, monocyte inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and CD4/CD8 ratios. However, the reduction of total lymphocyte count, CD4, and CD8 lymphocyte counts were observed in the subxiphoid anatomic lobectomy group on postoperative day 7, which was significantly lower than that of the standard transthoracic thoracoscopic approach.

Conclusions

Subxiphoid thoracoscopic surgery resulted in similar physiologic impact and surgical outcome to those of standard transthoracic thoracoscopic surgery. Nevertheless, subxiphoid thoracoscopic surgery is associated with more pronounced immunosuppression than the standard transthoracic thoracoscopic approach.     

抗高血压因子的分布及其舒血管效应

对抗高血压因子（AHF）的分布特点、不同种属来源的AHF降压效应和舒血管作用以及其是否为已知的血管活性物质等进行观察。结果表明，不论是人还是其他哺乳动物（如大鼠、免、狗等）的红细胞中均存在AHF。在剂量相同的情况下、AHF对大鼠的降压作用以及对大鼠主动脉的舒张作用五种属差异。随着AFH剂量的增加，其降压作用均呈明显的剂量依赖关系。不同剂量组间降压作用具有明显差异（P＜0．05或P＜0.01）。所观察的大鼠各种组织（如脑、心、肾、肝和红细胞等），以红细胞AHF的降压活性最高。多种已知的血管活性物质的特异受体拮抗剂只能阻断其相应的血管活性物质对血压的作用，对AHF的降压活性无影响。     

消炎利胆胶囊利胆抗炎的实验研究

目的通过动物实验验证消炎利胆胶囊的利胆抗炎作用。方法按生药3、6、12g／kg消炎利胆胶囊口服给药,观察大鼠胆汁分泌量以及二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀,醋酸对小鼠血管通透性,蛋清致大鼠足肿胀和棉球法引起大鼠肉芽组织增生。结果消炎利胆胶囊明显增加胆汁分泌量．且随剂量增加而增多,维持时间达4h之久;抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀;对抗醋酸引起的血管通透性增加;对抗蛋清致大鼠足肿胀和棉球所致大鼠肉芽组织增生,与对照组比较有显著性差异。结论消炎利胆胶囊有明显地利胆抗炎作用。     

Usability of Ultrasonic Frequency Testing for Rapid Generation of High and Very High Cycle Fatigue Data

Ultrasonic fatigue testing is an increasingly used method to study the high cycle fatigue (HCF) and very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) properties of materials. Specimens are cycled at an ultrasonic frequency, which leads to a drastic reduction of testing times. This work focused on summarising the current understanding, based on literature data and original work, whether and how fatigue properties measured with ultrasonic and conventional equipment are comparable. Aluminium alloys are not strain-rate sensitive. A weaker influence of air humidity at ultrasonic frequencies may lead to prolonged lifetimes in some alloys, and tests in high humidity or distilled water can better approximate environmental conditions at low frequencies. High-strength steels are insensitive to the cycling frequency. Strain rate sensitivity of ferrite causes prolonged lifetimes in those steels that show crack initiation in the ferritic phase. Austenitic stainless steels are less prone to frequency effects. Fatigue properties of titanium alloys and nickel alloys are insensitive to testing frequency. Limited data for magnesium alloys and graphite suggest no frequency influence. Ultrasonic fatigue tests of a glass fibre-reinforced polymer delivered comparable lifetimes to servo-hydraulic tests, suggesting that high-frequency testing is, in principle, applicable to fibre-reinforced polymer composites. The use of equipment with closed-loop control of vibration amplitude and resonance frequency is strongly advised since this guarantees high accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasonic tests. Pulsed loading and appropriate cooling serve to avoid specimen heating.     

Effect of Strain Rate and Temperature on Tensile and Fracture Performance of AA2050-T84 Alloy

AA2050-T84 alloy is widely used in primary structures of modern transport aircraft. AA2050-T84 is established as a low-density aluminum alloy with improved Young’s modulus, less anisotropy, and temperature-dependent mechanical properties. During flights, loading rate and temperature variation in aircraft engine subsequent parts are commonly observed. The present work focuses on the effect of loading rate and temperature on tensile and fracture properties of the 50 mm thick (2-inch) AA2050-T84 alloy plate. Quasi-static strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 s⁻¹ at −20 °C, 24 °C and 200 °C are considered. Tensile test results revealed the sensitivity of mechanical properties towards strain rate variations for considered temperatures. The key tensile properties, yield, and ultimate tensile stresses were positive strain rate dependent. However, Young’s modulus and elongation showed negative strain rate dependency. Experimental fracture toughness tests exhibited the lower Plane Strain Fracture Toughness (K_IC) at −20 °C compared to 24 °C. Elastic numerical fracture analysis revealed that the crack driving and constraint parameters are positive strain rate dependent and maximum at −20 °C, if plotted and analyzed over the stress ratio. The current results concerning strain rates and temperatures will help in understanding the performance-related issues of AA2050-T84 alloy reported in aircraft applications.     

Length Effect at Testing Splitting Tensile Strength of Concrete

Tensile strength of concrete is the basic property when estimating the cracking resistance of the structure and when analysing fracture processes in concrete. The most common way of testing tensile strength is the Brazilian method. It has been noticed that the shape and size of specimens influence the tensile splitting strength. The experiments were performed to investigate the impact of cylinder’s length on tensile concrete strength received in the Brazilian method. During the experiment the tensile concrete strength was tested on two different sizes cylindrical specimens: 150 mm × 150 mm and 150 mm × 300 mm. Experiments were performed in two stages, with two types of maximum aggregate size: 16 mm and 22 mm. The software “Statistica” was used to perform the broad scale statistical analysis. When comparing test results for shorter and longer specimens, the increase of tensile splitting strength tested on shorter cylinders was observed (approximately 5%). However, when performing deeper statistical analysis, it has been found that the length effect was not sensitive to the strength of the cement matrix and the type of aggregate but was influenced by the aggregate size. Further experiments are needed in order to perform a multi-parameter statistical analysis of scale effect when testing the splitting tensile strength of concrete.     

Financial effect of a hospital outpatient senior clinic on an academic medical center

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the billed charges generated for the university hospital (UH) by patients seen in a UH outpatient senior clinic over a 6-month period. To estimate the average billed charges per geriatric patient generated for the UH over the same 6-month period. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Hospital-based outpatient senior clinic at a university medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Outpatients aged 65 and older. MEASUREMENTS: The total inpatient, outpatient, and professional fee charges generated for the UH by the senior health center (SHC) patients were estimated for a 6-month period, with the use of billing data from the professional and hospital billing systems. To estimate the multiplier effect and average charges per SHC patient per year, our analysis focused on professional charges generated directly in the SHC and professional fees and hospital charges generated by secondary referral (inpatient and outpatient). RESULTS: One thousand nine hundred ninety-eight patients were seen in the SHC during the 6-month period. For every $1 billed in professional charges in the SHC, $17 was billed elsewhere in the hospital system. Geriatric medicine professional charges generated by the 1,998 SHC patients over the 6-month period totaled $546,691. The 6-month charges by the rest of the hospital system for the same 1,998 patients included hospital inpatient charges of $4,684,195 for all departments; hospital outpatient charges (ancillary plus technical, including facility fees for the SHC) of $3,027,212; and professional fees of $1,606,287 for other departments, thereby producing a multiplier factor of 17. The average overall charges per geriatric patient per 6 months totaled $4,937, which included hospital inpatient, hospital outpatient, and professional fees. The UH generated an average of $3,860 in hospital charges per SHC patient per 6 months. The average hospital charges generated per established SHC patient per 6 months were $2,936. The average hospital charges for a new SHC patient were $7,187 per 6 months. The average professional charges were $1,078 per patient per 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a reasonable estimate of the substantial multiplier, or "flow-through," effect of a senior clinic on its parent medical center. Although senior clinics may be a cost center when viewed in isolation, these clinics are actually revenue generators when viewed from the perspective of the entire health system.     

The effects of time interval after venipuncture and of anticoagulation on platelet adhesion and aggregation

Summary Abnormal platelet function plays an important role in atherosclerosis and thrombotic disorders. Simple in vitro testing of platelet function is preferable to other techniques, and adhesion measurement is especially important because it reflects an immediate platelet response. The time lapse after venipuncture and the anticoagulant may affect platelet function in an as yet unknown way. A method for determining platelet adhesion under controlled whole blood flow conditions and an aggregation study were used. Platelet adhesion and aggregation changed significantly with time elapsed since venipuncture, peaking after 60 min (P < 0.05); a plateau was reached only after more than 120 min. Platelet adhesion was directly suppressed by the use of sodium citrate as an anticoagulant, and surface density decreased from 14.2 to 8.8 (P < 0.001). To prevent the effect of time after venipuncture on platelet function, testing should be performed at the plateau phase.