肺上皮样血管内皮瘤(附1例报告及文献复习)

目的提高对肺上皮样血管内皮瘤的诊断和治疗。方法通过对1例肺上皮样血管内皮瘤患者的诊治,就本病的临床特点、诊断方法以及治疗和预后等情况进行全面的分析和讨论。结果肺上皮样血管内皮瘤是一种罕见的肺部肿瘤,病因不明,以干咳为主,影像学表现主要为双肺弥漫性小结节影,病理学检查特征是单细胞原始管腔结构、免疫组织化学提示内皮细胞源性,恶性程度并不低,疗效差。结论肺上皮样血管内皮瘤是一种罕见的肺部恶性肿瘤,临床无特异性,极易误诊,目前尚无确切的治疗方法,预后差,临床医生应该提高对其的认识程度。     

肺上皮样血管内皮瘤一例并文献复习

目的 提高对肺上皮样血管内皮瘤的认识。方法 结合1例肺上皮样血管内皮瘤患的临床资料和献复习，详细分析该病的病因、临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后等。结果 该病病因不清，临床症状较少且轻微，影像学检查主要表现为两肺多发性结节影；病理学检查主要特征是单细胞原始管腔结构；免疫组织化学提示内皮细胞源性。目前尚无有效治疗措施，患预后介于良、恶性肿瘤之间。结论 肺上皮样血管内皮瘤罕见，极易误诊，应予重视。     

肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤MRI表现分析

目的探讨肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤的MRI表现及其病理基础,提高诊断准确率。方法回顾分析2012年3月至2017年5月解放军第三○二医院收治的8例经病理证实的肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤患者的MRI影像特征和临床资料,由两名高年资主治医师共同分析其MRI表现并结合病理分析。结果 8例肝上皮样血管内皮瘤患者肝内病灶均为多发,3例伴双肺转移,1例同时有双肺和椎体转移。MRI检查肝内病灶T1WI呈低信号,T2WI呈稍高信号,增强扫描呈渐进性强化或呈环状强化,部分可见"包膜回缩征"或"棒棒糖征"。结论肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤的MRI表现具有一定特点,但确诊仍须活组织检查。     

胸膜上皮样血管内皮瘤的研究进展

上皮样血管内皮瘤是一种罕见的血管肿瘤,来源于胸膜的胸膜上皮样血管内皮瘤(pleural epithclioid hemangioendothelioma,PEH)更为罕见.PEH的病因及发病机制尚不清楚,主要临床表现为胸痛、咳嗽和呼吸困难,影像学表现主要为胸腔积液及胸膜增厚,组织学特征主要为上皮样瘤细胞及血管内皮标志物CD31、CD34阳性,目前尚未建立有效的治疗方案.本文就该病的病因、临床特征、诊疗特征及预后进行综述,以提高人们对PEH的认识,加强对其发病机制与诊治的研究.     

肺上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤并双侧胸腔积液1例及文献复习

目的 加强对肺上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤的认识,提高诊断率。方法通过对1例肺上皮样血管内皮瘤患者的诊治和文献复习,详细分析该病的病因、临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后等。结果该病病因不清,临床症状较少且轻微,影像学检查主要表现为两肺多发性结节影,可累及胸膜并出现胸腔积液;病理学检查主要特征是单细胞原始管腔结构;免疫组织化学提示内皮细胞源性。目前尚无有效治疗措施,患者预后介于良、恶性肿瘤之间。结论肺上皮样血管内皮瘤并双侧胸腔积液罕见,极易误诊,当肺部疾病治疗效果不佳时应警惕其可能性。     

肺上皮样血管内皮瘤1例并文献复习

上皮样血管内皮瘤是一种比较罕见的肿瘤,为血管源性,恶性程度较低或介于良恶性之间,多发生于软组织,最早报道为发生于肺的上皮样血管内皮瘤,之后有其他部位的血管内皮瘤报道。肺上皮样血管内皮瘤（pulmonaryepithelioidhemangioendothelioma,PEH）是罕见的交界性的来源于肺内血管的肿瘤。现就本院收治的1例肺上皮样血管内皮瘤,结合相关文献进行讨论。     

上皮样血管内皮瘤239例文献分析

目的探讨上皮样血管内皮瘤的临床及病理特点,提高对该病的诊治水平。方法利用中国医院知识数据库检索关键词为"上皮样血管内皮瘤"的1994—2013年文献,去除重复病例,收集整理并分析经病理确诊为上皮样血管内皮瘤的病例。结果检索到文献149篇,收集上皮样血管内皮瘤病例239例,男女比例为1∶1.91,年龄4~78岁,平均39.6岁。病变发生于肝、肺、骨、脑、鼻、甲状腺、乳腺、纵隔、胃肠道、脾、肾、卵巢、子宫、阴茎、皮肤、淋巴结等。腔镜或穿刺活检确诊91例,手术病理确诊148例。病理特点为肿瘤细胞似上皮样,呈多角形或类圆形,瘤细胞无明显核分裂像,瘤细胞形成小的细胞内管腔,见胞质内空泡,可见红细胞,免疫组化血管内皮标记物CD31、CD34、FⅧ-Rag中至少一项阳性,Vimentin阳性。结论上皮样血管内皮瘤女性较男性多见,可发生于各年龄阶段及多种部位,临床表现多样,确诊需病理。     

肺上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤1例并文献复习

目的加强对肺上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤的认识,提高诊断率。方法结合广州呼吸疾病研究所2004-05-26收治的1例肺上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤患者的临床资料和文献复习,详细分析该病的病因、临床特点、病理诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后等。结果该病病因不清,临床症状较少且轻微,多为咳嗽、咳痰、少量咯血;影像学检查主要表现为两肺多发性结节影;病理学检查主要特征是单细胞原始管腔结构;免疫组织化学提示内皮细胞源性。目前尚无有效治疗措施,预后介于良、恶性肿瘤之间。结论肺上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤罕见,极易误诊,应予重视。     

肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤1例

上皮样血管内皮瘤是起源与血管内皮细胞的一类生物学行为尚未确定的肿瘤,可发生于全身任何组织和器官,发生于肝脏患者罕见,迄今约200例报告,临床及影像学改变易于肝细胞癌等混淆。本院收治肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤1例,现报告如下。     

肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤病二例―附文献分析

目的提高对肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤病(PLAM)的认识并引起对该病的重视.方法对2例PLAM患者的临床资料进行分析,并结合文献进行复习.结果PLAM是一种持续发展的弥漫性肺间质疾病.临床表现为反复发作的自发性气胸、活动后呼吸困难、咯血和乳糜胸等.肺功能呈阻塞性肺通气功能障碍和弥散功能障碍,动脉血气分析显示低氧血症.胸部X线表现两肺弥漫性网格状,晚期呈蜂窝样变化.高分辨CT(HRCT)两肺广泛弥漫性分布的薄壁小囊状病变.病理学特点为肺淋巴管、小气道、小血管的管壁及其周围的平滑肌细胞弥漫性异常增生.免疫组化HMB45阳性.结论对育龄期妇女发生渐进性呼吸困难不能缓解,类似肺气肿的临床表现及X线胸片阴影,并出现反复气胸或乳糜胸水时即应考虑为PLAM可能,最好能以肺组织活检明确诊断.该病预后差,目前无有效的预防和治疗方法.     

Cement and Concrete Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Concrete science is a multidisciplinary area of research where nanotechnology potentially offers the opportunity to enhance the understanding of concrete behavior, to engineer its properties and to lower production and ecological cost of construction materials. Recent work at the National Research Council Canada in the area of concrete materials research has shown the potential of improving concrete properties by modifying the structure of cement hydrates, addition of nanoparticles and nanotubes and controlling the delivery of admixtures. This article will focus on a review of these innovative achievements.     

Medical and Psychology Students' Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Aging and Sexuality

The current study surveys medical and doctoral psychology students (N = 100) from an urban northeastern university regarding knowledge and attitudes toward elderly sexuality and aging using the Facts on Aging Quiz, the Aging Sexuality Knowledge and Attitudes Scale, and measures of interest in gerontology, academic/clinical exposure to aging and sexuality, and contact with elders. The current study found that psychology students demonstrated greater aging knowledge than medical students; however, both groups showed gaps in knowledge about sexuality. Married students had greater academic/clinical exposure and greater knowledge about aging but less permissive attitudes toward elderly sexuality. Generally, knowledge about aging was the strongest correlate of knowledge about sexuality. Level of knowledge about sexuality was not associated with attitudes. Attitudes toward sexuality and aging may be more strongly tied to demographic variables reflective of religious beliefs or adherence to sociocultural norms.     

慢性饮酒、吸烟与骨质疏松的相关性研究

目的 探讨长期大量慢性饮酒、吸烟等不良生活方式与骨质疏松的关系.方法 以乏力、腰背痛、双下肢酸困为主诉,且有长期大量慢性饮酒史、吸烟史,无其他慢性疾病史的年轻男性患者45例为观察对象,测定其血钙(Ca)、血磷(P)和血肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、血糖(Glu)、天门冬酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸基转移酶(ALT)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、甲状腺功能、全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)、1,25-二羟维生素D3[1,25-(OH) 2D3]、双能X线骨密度仪测定腰椎L1-4及左侧股骨近段(包括颈、股骨颈上部、大粗隆)骨密度(BMD),分析饮酒、吸烟对骨量的影响.以感冒发热就诊、年龄相当、无饮酒、吸烟史及慢性疾病史的45例男性为对照组.结果 观察组1,25(OH)2D3水平均降低,血钙水平偏低,血磷正常,碱性磷酸酶呈不同程度地升高,骨密度T值提示观察组27例骨质疏松,12例骨量减少,6例正常骨量;而对照组仅有6例为骨量减少,1例骨质疏松,38例为正常骨量,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 长期慢性大量饮酒吸烟影响骨量,甚至易导致骨质疏松.     

Leptin and cellular and innate immunity in abstinent alcoholics and controls

BACKGROUND: Basic studies indicate that in vitro and in vivo doses of leptin modulate cellular immune responses. Given evidence that concentrations of leptin are altered in alcoholics who also show immune abnormalities, this study examined the relationships between circulating levels of leptin and markers of cellular and innate immunity. METHODS: Circulating levels of leptin, natural killer cell (NK) activity, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-stimulated NK activity, and concanavalin A-stimulated production of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12 were compared between abstinent DSM-IV alcohol-dependent men (n = 27) and age- and gender-matched controls (n = 34). RESULTS: As compared with controls, alcoholics showed lower NK activity (p < 0.01) and a trend for lower levels of leptin (p = 0.055). In the total sample, leptin predicted NK activity (beta = 0.33; p < 0.05) after controlling for the confounding influence of body mass index, alcohol intake, and smoking. Leptin was not correlated with any of the cytokine measures. To examine whether the effects of leptin were mediated by its direct action on NK, additional studies examined in vitro effects of leptin on NK activity in healthy volunteers (n = 10); leptin doses (0.1, 1, and 10 nM) yielded levels of NK activity comparable to those with media alone. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that circulating levels of leptin are associated with NK activity in humans and suggest that abnormal in vivo concentrations of leptin may contribute to the declines of NK activity in alcoholics who are at risk for infectious diseases.     

自身免疫与动脉粥样硬化的发生发展

在动脉粥样硬化的发生发展过程中,自身免疫具有重要作用,本文就近年有关动脉粥样硬化的免疫机制的研究进展作一简要综述.     

中青年超重和肥胖与高血压及高同型半胱氨酸血症的相关性研究

目的探讨中青年超重和肥胖与高血压及高同型半胱氨酸血症的相关性。方法选取2012年1月—2013年10月在我院进行常规健康体检者750例,测量受试者血压、身高、体质量及血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平。结果男性超重、肥胖检出率分别为36.87%(198/537)和13.97%(75/537),均高于女性的16.43%(35/213)和7.50%(16/213)(P0.05)。超重者和肥胖者高血压和高同型半胱氨酸血症检出率分别为21.03%(49/233)和11.16%(26/233)、46.12%(42/91)和41.76%(38/91),均高于正常者的9.16%(37/404)和2.23%(9/404),肥胖者高于超重者(P0.01)。收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)及血清Hcy与BMI呈正相关(r值分别为0.639、0.515、0.497,P0.01)。结论中青年尤其是男性超半数存在超重或肥胖,高血压及高同型半胱氨酸血症与BMI呈正相关,超重和肥胖者高血压及高同型半胱氨酸血症的发生率高,应积极防治。