强化饮食干预对社区高血压患者饮食依从性的影响

目的 探讨强化饮食干预对社区高血压患者饮食依从性的影响.方法 采用随机数字表法将208例社区高血压患者分为干预组(104例)和对照组(104例),干预组接受为期6个月的强化饮食干预,包括社区集中教育、实施个体化饮食干预;对照组接受常规社区管理.干预前后评价患者高血压饮食治疗认知状况、饮食治疗依从性,并测定体重指数、总胆...     

护理干预对原发性高血压患者的干预效果分析

目的观察护理干预对原发性高血压患者的疗效,为原发性高血压患者的治疗和护理提供循证依据。方法对笔者所在医院采用综合护理干预措施进行干预护理的152例原发性高血压患者的资料回顾分析,并选择同期未采取护理干预的120例原发性高血压患者为对照组,比较两组患者治疗效果及护理满意度。结果干预组患者血压控制率明显高于对照组,其焦虑、抑郁水平明显低于对照组,且患者依从性、知晓率和满意度比较亦明显高于对照组（P均〈0.01）。结论科学有效的护理干预措施可提高临床疗效及护理满意度。     

高血压的非药物非饮食干预研究进展

综述高血压的非药物非饮食干预,包括运动干预、针刺法、生物反馈、冥想、设备引导的缓慢呼吸等.旨在帮助预防和控制高血压以及延缓相关并发症的发生,并为健康专业人员进行高血压的干预提供参考.     

日记式认知干预对原发性高血压患者心理及血压的影响

目的探讨日记式认知干预方法对原发性高血压患者心理及血压的影响,为良好控制该人群的情绪及血压提供参考。方法将54例原发性高血压住院患者随机分为观察组与对照组各27例。观察组采用日记式认知干预,即用日记记录负性情绪、每日的饮食及用药等,责任护士阅读患者日记并针对问题采取干预。对照组采用常规护理。结果干预后观察组除敌对性和精神病性因子外,其它7个因子（躯体化症状、强迫、人际关系敏感、焦虑、抑郁、恐怖和偏执）的评分显著低于对照组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。干预后观察组患者血压下降幅度显著（P〈0．05）。结论日记式认知干预可以使原发性高血压患者的负性情绪得到明显的改善,使血压趋于平稳。     

日记式认知干预对原发性高血压患者心理及血压的影响

目的 探讨日记式认知干预方法对原发性高血压患者心理及血压的影响,为良好控制该人群的情绪及血压提供参考.方法 将54例原发性高血压住院患者随机分为观察组与对照组各27例.观察组采用日记式认知干预,即用日记记录负性情绪、每日的饮食及用药等,责任护士阅读患者日记并针对问题采取干预.对照组采用常规护理.结果 干预后观察组除敌对性和精神病性因子外,其它7个因子(躯体化症状、强迫、人际关系敏感、焦虑、抑郁、恐怖和偏执)的评分显著低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).干预后观察组患者血压下降幅度显著(P＜0.05).结论 日记式认知干预可以使原发性高血压患者的负性情绪得到明显的改善,使血压趋于平稳.     

氯沙坦对原发性高血压患者微量蛋白尿的影响

目的 研究氯沙坦对原发性高血压患者微量蛋白尿的影响.方法 选自2008年6月～2010年12月在笔者所在医院诊断为原发性高血压的52例患者,随机分成两组,其中,A组每天服用科素亚50mg,B组每天服用科素亚100mg,1个月后观察各组的患者的微量蛋白尿的含量.结果 A组的降压及微量蛋白尿减少情况不如B组.结论 经氯沙坦治疗后患者尿微量蛋白皆有不同程度地下降,较大剂量氯沙坦对微量蛋白尿减少有更明显的影响.     

护理干预对中老年高血压患者血压水平的影响

目的 观察护理干预对中老年高血压患者血压控制和用药依从性的影响.方法 对130例中老年高血压患者随机分为干预组70例和对照组60例,对照组只跟踪观察,干预组给予运动、饮食指导、卫生宣教、心理干预、生活方式指导,用药知识教育等干预措施.结果 连续跟踪随访2 a,能有效控制血压水平.结论 对中老年高血压患者进行护理干预,能...     

护理干预对糖尿病患者饮食治疗依从性的影响

目的:探讨护理干预对糖尿病患者饮食治疗依从性的影响.方法:将2009年1月至2010年12月住院的100例2型糖尿病患者随机分为实验组和对照组各50人,实验组实施糖尿病健康教育等护理干预,对照组接受常规护理.结果:与对照组比较,实验组接受护理干预后的遵医行为、治疗效果、掌握相关知识方面均优于对照组(P＜0.05),健康教育达标率两组对比有显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论:护理干预可提高2型糖尿病患者饮食治疗依从性,保证治疗效果.     

不同中医证型骨质疏松性髋部骨折患者ERK1/2通路表达

目的 探讨不同中医证型骨质疏松性髋部骨折患者胞外信号调节激酶（ERK1/2）信号通路的表达变化。方法 前瞻性选取华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院和湖北省中医院2018年11月-2021年12月收治的120例因骨质疏松性髋部骨折、行全髋关节置换术患者。根据骨质疏松症中医辨证分型标准,分为肝肾阴虚证、脾肾阳虚证、肾阳虚衰证、气滞血瘀证4个证型,所有患者均检测组织ERK1/2 mRNA和ERK1/2 蛋白表达水平,分析不同证型患者ERK1/2表达差异。结果 120例患者的中医证型中肝肾阴虚型占比较高,其次为脾肾阳虚型、肾阳虚型,血瘀气滞型占比最低,男性多为肾阳虚型,女性多为肾阴虚型,气滞血型患者平均年龄髙于其他证型（P＜0.05）;不同中医证型患者的L2~4、股骨颈、转子区、Wards区骨密度值比较,血瘀气滞型＜肾阳虚型、脾肾阳虚型＜肝肾阴虚型（P＜0.05）;不同中医证型患者的ERK1/2 mRNA、ERK1/2蛋白表达水平比较,血瘀气滞型＜肾阳虚型、脾肾阳虚型＜肝肾阴虚型（P＜0.05）;Pearson相关性分析结果显示,受试者的L2~4、股骨颈、转子区、Wards区骨密度平均值与ERK1 mRNA、ERK2 mRNA、ERK1蛋白、ERK2 蛋白表达水平呈正相关（r=0.251、0.306、0.318、0.270,P均＜0.05）。结论 血瘀气滞型骨质疏松症患者的ERK1/2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平低于肾阳虚者,肾阳虚者低于肾阴虚者,且表达水平与患者骨密度呈正相关。     

高血压患者不遵医饮食原因分析及对策

目的了解高血压患者不遵医饮食的原因，以探讨提高健康教育效果的策略。方法采用自行设计的问卷对随机抽样的190例高血压患者进行调查。结果仅17例（8．9％）遵医饮食。不遵医饮食的原因为：不知道合理膳食可以预防、治疗高血压（50．3％）；不知道饮食不当是高血压潜在危险因素（52．6％）；认为改变饮食对血压影响不大，不重视饮食调理（57．2％）；不知道肥胖是高血压危险因素（28．3％）；家庭成员不能或无条件配合饮食调理（42．8％）；有不良饮食习惯（68．2％）；缺乏自控能力（69．4％）；未接受正规高血压饮食知识教育（64．7％）。结论高血压患者不遵医饮食的比例较高，原因复杂。建议建立有组织的高血压病防治网系统，加强对高血压相关知识的普及教育，戒除患者不良生活方式，以预防和控制高血压病．提高其生活质量。     

Pathophysiological Role of Leptin in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure, in Kidney Transplant Patients, in Patients with Essential Hypertension, and in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

This paper is a summary of results obtained in our studies on leptinemia in patients with chronic renal failure treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), in kidney transplant patients, in patients with essential hypertension, and in pregnant women with preeclampsia. In this study, we found that rHuEPO treatment has a suppressive effect on leptinemia in patients with end-stage renal failure. These results suggest that the appetite stimulating effect of rHuEPO may be mediated by a reduction of leptin synthesis and release. At the early stage of successful kidney transplantation, a significant decline of leptinemia was noticed, which was not related either to the excretory function of the graft or the kind and dose of immunosuppressants. In kidney transplant patients with grafts functioning well for 2.5 years, significantly elevated leptinemia was found. From these results, we may conclude that factors other than the excretory function of the graft and the kind and dosage of immunosuppressants may be involved in the pathogenesis of abnormal leptinemia in these patients. Both in normotensive subjects and patients with essential hypertension, a positive correlation was found between leptinemia and mean blood pressure, suggesting that leptin may be involved in the regulation of blood pressure. Both healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women show higher leptinemia than nonpregnant women. In preeclamptic women, leptin levels in maternal vein blood, umbilical cord blood, and amniotic fluid were significantly higher than respective values found in healthy pregnant women. In contrast to healthy pregnant and nonpregnant women, in women with preeclampsia, no correlation was found between the body mass index (BMI) and leptinemia. In preeclamptic women the abnormally elevated leptinemia was not related to blood pressure. Finally, no correlation was found between leptinemia in maternal and umbilical cord blood. From these studies, it follows that the elucidation of abnormal leptin secretion in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia needs further study.     

高血压病患者饮食结构的调查分析

目的 探讨不同饮食结构对高血压病患者的体重指数、空腹血糖及血脂的影响。方法 将251例原发性高血压病患者按饮食结构调查结果分为肉食组（87例）和荤素搭配组（164例），测量患者的身高、体重及清晨空腹抽取静脉血检测各项生化指标。结果 肉食组年龄、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLC）显著低于荤素搭配组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）；而体重指数（BMI）、空腹血糖显著高于荤素搭配组（均P〈0．05）。结论 护理人员应指导高血压病患者合理膳食，减少脂肪摄入，多食蔬菜水果，荤素搭配，摄入足量钾、钙，适量运动，减轻体重，以提高生活质量。     

高血压病患者饮食结构的调查分析

目的 探讨不同饮食结构对高血压病患者的体重指数、空腹血糖及血脂的影响.方法 将251例原发性高血压病患者按饮食结构调查结果分为肉食组(87例)和荤素搭配组(164例),测量患者的身高、体重及清晨空腹抽取静脉血检测各项生化指标.结果 肉食组年龄、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)显著低于荤素搭配组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);而体重指数(BMI)、空腹血糖显著高于荤素搭配组(均P＜0.05).结论 护理人员应指导高血压病患者合理膳食,减少脂肪摄入,多食蔬菜水果,荤素搭配,摄入足量钾、钙,适量运动,减轻体重,以提高生活质量.     

Hypertension in Jordanian children: a retrospective analysis of 70 cases

Seventy patients, aged 1–20 years, were seen at Jordan University Hospital with high blood pressure (BP) over a 3-year period. BP values ranged from 140 to 230 mmHg for systolic pressure and from 90 to 130 mmHg for diastolic pressure. Essential hypertension was seen in only 6 patients (8.6%); secondary hypertension (n=64 or 91.4%) was due to renal parenchymal diseases (RPD) in 46 patients (65.7%), reno-vascular lesions in 8 (11.4%), renal transplantation in 5 (7.2%), teenage pregnancy in 4 (5.7%), and phaeochromocytoma in 1 patient (1.4%). The aetiologies of RPD were as follows: end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis in 14 patients, acute glomerulonephritis in 14, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in 10, chronic renal insufficiency in 5, and polycystic kidney in 3 patients. Surgical cure of hypertension was achieved in 5 of the children with reno-vascular lesions and in the patient with phaeochromocytoma.     

法舒地尔对高血压大鼠勃起功能的影响

目的:探讨Rho激酶抑制剂法舒地尔对高血压大鼠勃起功能的影响及其机制。方法:12周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分成对照组(A组)、高血压组(B组)、法舒地尔治疗组(C组),建立高血压大鼠模型后,C组给予法舒地尔[30 mg/(kg.d)]腹腔注射,A组、B组给予等量生理盐水腹腔注射,术后10周测量大鼠阴茎海绵体内压/平均颈动脉压(ICPmax/MAP),Western印迹法测定ROCK1、ROCK2蛋白在阴茎海绵体的表达水平。结果:B组收缩压(mmHg)、ROCK1、ROCK2蛋白表达(190.39±5.07、0.048±0.002、0.143±0.011)较A组(124.81±4.01、0.036±0.001、0.101±0.011)显著增加(P<0.05),C组收缩压(mmHg)、ROCK1、ROCK2蛋白表达(182.03±4.32、0.044±0.001、0.126±0.007)较B组显著降低(P<0.05),B组ICPmax/MAP(36.82±5.47)较A组(59.99±5.69)显著降低(P<0.05),C组(51.1±5.63)较B组显著提高(P<0.05)。结论:法舒地尔可通过抑制RhoA/Rho激酶信号高表达及可能的降血压作用而改善高血压大鼠勃起功能。     

Pulmonary Hypertension in Dialysis Patients

Cardiovascular complications are encountered frequently in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The study was designed as a prospective cohort study and a total of 105 dialysis patients, 77 hemodialysis and 28 peritoneal dialysis patients, were investigated. All patients had undergone M-Mode Doppler echocardiography every 6 months by which their systolic pulmonary arterial pressures (sPAPs) and left ventricular mass indices (LVMIs) were recorded. Thirty-nine (37.1%) patients had pulmonary hypertension (PHT), that is, a mean sPAP of more than 35 mmHg. The frequency of PHT was higher in peritoneal dialysis patients but the difference was insignificant (p = 0.08). However, the frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was found to be significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis patients than in hemodialysis patients (p = 0.001). When patients with and without PHT were compared, the duration of dialysis (p = 0.02), hemoglobin (p = 0.01), HbA1c (p = 0.03), and serum albumin levels (p = 0.003) were found to be significantly higher in patients with PHT than those without PHT. In conclusion, although nonsignificant, we found a higher prevalence of PHT in peritoneal dialysis patients when compared with hemodialysis patients. This might be due to the significantly higher prevalence of LVH, hence hypervolemia, in peritoneal dialysis patients. The prevention and treatment of PHT in dialysis patients is very important for the improvement of survival in these patients. Hence, the increased prevalence of PHT in ESRD patients necessitates understanding the multiple and interacting factors, such as LVH, serum albumin and hemoglobin levels, and control of diabetes, that might contribute to this pathology in these patients.     

Assessment and Management of Hypertension in Patients on Dialysis

Hypertension is common, difficult to diagnose, and poorly controlled among patients with ESRD. However, controversy surrounds the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. Here, we describe the diagnosis, epidemiology, and management of hypertension in dialysis patients, and examine the data sparking debate over appropriate methods for diagnosing and treating hypertension. Furthermore, we consider the issues uniquely related to hypertension in pediatric dialysis patients. Future clinical trials designed to clarify the controversial results discussed here should lead to the implementation of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques that improve long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ESRD.     

整合素连接激酶在前列腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的: 探讨整合素连接激酶(ILK)在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。　方法: 应用免疫组化SP法测定 50例前列腺癌及 16例良性前列腺增生组织中ILK的表达。　结果: 前列腺癌组织中ILK阳性表达率46. 0%(23 /50),肿瘤病理分级:高分化组阳性表达率为9. 0% ( 1 /11 ),中分化组为35. 7% ( 5 /14 ),低分化组68. 0% ( 17 /25),随肿瘤病理分级高分化组到低分化组,阳性表达率有趋势性增高。临床分期A+B期为22. 5% (7 /31)和C+D期为84. 2% (16 /19),临床分期程度的增高,癌细胞ILK阳性表达率明显增加。良性前列腺增生组织ILK阳性表达率仅为6. 2% (1 /16),明显低于前列腺癌组织(χ2 =8. 27,P<0. 01)。　结论: ILK异常表达在前列腺癌的恶性进展中起重要作用,检测ILK的表达有帮助于判断病期及预后。