足底内侧动脉分支蒂皮瓣的临床研究

目的 探讨以足喊内侧动脉分支为蒂皮瓣的设计及临床应用效果。方法 在解剖基础上以足底内侧动脉及其分支为血管蒂，设计足内侧皮瓣、足底内侧皮瓣、联合皮瓣及双叶皮瓣顺、逆行转位或游离移植修复53例于足部皮肤缺损创面。结果 临床应用53例，51例皮瓣完全成活。45例术后随访6～24个门，皮瓣质地优良，手、足外形与功能改善满意。结论 该类皮瓣切取方便，血供可靠，厚薄适中，外形佳，足修复手、足部皮肤缺损的理想选择。双叶皮瓣及逆行皮瓣为临床提供了实用性的新方法。     

逆行足底内侧动脉蒂足内侧岛状皮瓣修复前足底皮肤缺损

目的 报道逆行足底内侧动脉蒂足内侧岛状皮瓣修复前足底皮肤缺损的手术方法及临床效果。方法 在解剖学研究基础上利用足底内侧动脉终末支与足底外侧动脉,第一跖骨背动脉及足底深支的吻合设计逆行足内侧岛状皮瓣修复前足底皮肤缺损创面,通过吻合皮下静脉静脉回流。结果 临床应用4例,皮瓣全部成活,随访6－24个月,外形与功能改善满意。结论 逆行足底内侧动脉蒂足内侧岛状皮瓣是修复前足底皮肤缺损的最佳选择之一。     

足底内侧动脉浅支为蒂的游离足内侧穿支皮瓣修复手腕掌部深度软组织缺损

目的 探讨足底内侧动脉浅支为蒂的游离足内侧穿支皮瓣修复手腕掌部深度软组织缺损的疗效.方法 采用足底内侧动脉浅支为蒂的游离足内侧穿支皮瓣修复4例手腕掌部深度软组织缺损患者.皮肤软组织缺损面积4.5 cm×3.5 cm～10.5 cm×4.5 cm,皮瓣切取面积5.0 cm×4.0 cm～11.0 cm×5.0 cm,供区...     

胫后动脉皮瓣串联足底内侧皮瓣移植修复前中足脱套伤

目的 探讨前中足脱套伤修复的新方法.方法 设计以胫后动脉及足底内侧动脉为血管蒂的胫后动脉和足底内侧的串联皮瓣,修复前中足脱套伤患者5例,用足底内侧皮瓣修复前足跖底负重区的皮肤缺损,胫后动脉皮瓣修复足背区皮肤缺损并覆盖血管蒂部,中足跖底的皮肤缺损取全厚皮植皮.结果 皮瓣及植皮全部成活,随访1～2年,皮瓣及植皮区外观良好,前跖负重区两点辩别觉10～15 mm,平均12 mm,感觉恢复至S3+级,长距离行走无继发溃疡.结论 胫后动脉皮瓣串联足底内侧皮瓣是修复前中足大面积套状皮肤缺损、重建跖底感觉的有效方法.     

不同穿支蒂的足内侧皮瓣修复手指皮肤缺损

目的 总结不同穿支蒂的足内侧皮瓣修复手指皮肤软组织缺损的选择及临床应用疗效.方法 对29例手指皮肤软组织缺损,分别采用以足底内侧动脉深支内侧深支皮支为供血动脉的足内侧皮瓣修复指腹及指侧方缺损5例;以足内侧动脉浅支为供血动脉的足内侧皮瓣修复手指掌侧皮肤缺损及指侧方皮肤缺损10例;以内踝前动脉为供血动脉的足内侧皮瓣修复指背皮肤缺损及指侧方皮肤缺损11例;以多皮支动脉供血的足内侧皮瓣修复手指中节、近节环形缺损3例.结果 术后29例皮瓣全部存活,术后23例获得6～13个月的随访.皮肤弹性、色泽良好,两点分辨觉6～9mm.结论 足内侧供区隐蔽,皮瓣切取方便,不损伤动脉主干,皮肤质地与手指相近,应用不同皮穿支的足内侧皮瓣移植是一种修复手指皮肤软组织缺损较理想的方法.     

改良逆行足底内侧动脉浅支岛状皮瓣移位修复前足创面

目的:报道以改良足底内侧动脉浅支皮瓣逆行修复前足皮肤软组织缺损、骨外露、肌腱外露等创面的效果.方法:改良足底内侧动脉浅支岛状皮瓣逆行移位修复前足创面9例,皮瓣面积4cm×5cm～7cm×9cm.结果皮瓣全部成活,随访6～12个月,皮瓣色泽基本正常,耐磨,弹性好,未出现皮瓣坏死及皮瓣摩擦破损,供皮区游离植皮完全成活.结论:改良足底内侧动脉浅支逆行岛状皮瓣治疗前足皮肤软组织缺损创面具有切取方便、手术简捷、创伤小,皮瓣血供可靠、不影响足部血运等优点,可满足前足中小面积创面修复需要.     

足内侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复前足皮肤缺损

目的　研究修复前足皮肤缺损的新方法。方法　在解剖学研究的基础上 ,利用足底内侧动脉终支与第 1跖骨底动脉、足底深动脉及足底深弓的吻合 ,设计逆行足底内侧血管及足内侧皮穿支蒂岛状皮瓣修复前足皮肤缺损创面。结果　临床应用 6例 ,皮瓣面积 4cm× 3cm～ 11cm× 9cm ,血管蒂长 6～ 11cm ,皮瓣全部成活 ,随访 6～ 2 4个月 ,外形与功能改善满意。结论　本皮瓣是修复前足皮肤缺损的最佳选择之一。     

足底内侧皮瓣的临床应用

目的 报道应用足底内侧皮瓣修复手足部组织缺损的治疗效果.方法 设计皮瓣的点选择为内踝前缘与足底内侧交界处,从该点至第1、2跖骨头间引一直线为皮瓣轴心线,在轴心线两侧、跖骨头后面足底非负重区切取皮瓣.临床应用带神经血管蒂或游离的足底内侧皮瓣移植修复足跟或手部皮肤缺损32例. 结果 术后随访6个月～3年,32例移植皮瓣全部成活,感觉良好,外观满意且耐磨,手足部活动功能良好. 结论 足底内侧皮瓣是足跟或手掌部小创面软组织缺损的较好修复方法.     

吻合血管的足内侧穿支皮瓣的应用解剖与临床应用

目的 研究足内侧穿支皮瓣的应用解剖及修复手部软组织缺损的临床效果.方法 10侧成人足踝标本经胴动脉注入红色乳胶液,解剖观测足底内侧动脉穿支血管在足内侧区的分布、起源等.临床设计吻合血管的足内侧穿支皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损11例,软组织缺损面积2 cm×2 cm～9cm×4 cm.结果 足底内侧动脉向<足母>展肌和趾短屈肌肌间隙内发出2支相对恒定的足底内侧皮穿支,供养足底内侧皮瓣;向<足母>展肌和舟楔骨间隙内发出2支相对恒定的足内侧皮穿支,供养足内侧皮瓣.11例足内侧穿支皮瓣完全成活,皮瓣面积2 cm×3 cm～11 cm×5 cm.随访6～24个月,皮瓣质地优良,外形与功能恢复满意,供区愈合良好.结论 以足内侧穿支血管营养的足内侧穿支皮瓣血供可靠,质地优良,是修复手部软组织缺损的良好选择.     

不同穿支蒂足(底)内侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复前足底软组织缺损

目的 介绍不同穿支蒂足(底)内侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复前足底软组织缺损的临床经验.方法 对前足底不同部位软组织缺损8例,采用不同穿支蒂足内侧或足底内侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复:对4例前足底内侧软组织缺损,采用以足底内侧浅支在第一跖骨颈的穿支为蒂的足内侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复;对2例前足底中部软组织,采用足底内侧动脉深支或足背动脉足底深支的穿支为蒂的足底内侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复;对2例前足底外侧软组织缺损采用足底外侧终末穿支或足底动脉的穿支为蒂的足底内侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复.结果 术后7例皮瓣顺利成活,1例皮瓣术后部分坏死,将坏死皮瓣清除后经扩创,肉芽生长良好后,取髂腰部带真皮下血管网皮肤植皮.有5例患者经4～6个月随访,皮瓣血供良好,外观满意,感觉恢复至6～8mm,恢复正常行走功能;另3例失访.结论 采用不同穿支蒂足内侧或足底内侧逆行岛状皮瓣是修复前足底不同部位软组织缺损的好方法.     

Flag flap - Kite flap Dorsal metacarpal flap

The flag flap is a pedicled dorsal digital flap, combining a skin paddle (the “flag”) and a vascular pedicle (the flag “pole”). Its vascularisation depends on the dorsal metacarpal arteries (DMCA). It has been described in 1963, by Holevitch [1] with harvest of a cutaneovascular pole; it has been brilliantly modified in 1979 by Foucher et al. [2–4] under the form of a unipedicled “kite” flap, although we would like to point out that Vilain has been using it since 1952 [5]. Usually harvested from the dorsum of the metacarpophalangeal region of the index finger, this flap is reliable, but it is more uncertain and less movable at the level of the other digits. Owing to its small size, it proves useful in hand traumatology because it does not sacrifice any major vascular axis. The kite flap is considered as a sensory flap (presence of a nerve supply) with a two-point discrimination, which can be assessed from 11 to 16 mm [1–6].     

V-Y advancement flap out of an existing flap

A case is reported in which a large V-Y flap was fashioned out of a flap already present over the dorsum of the hand, to cover a defect created adjacent to it. The V-Y advancement appeared more effective to fill the defect than the traditional method of mobilisation of a part of the flap achieved by dissecting it from its base.     

Recycling a flap: making a perforator flap from a previous gluteal fasciocutaneous flap

We report a case of raising a previous gluteal fasciocutaneous flap again as a perforator-based flap to cover a recurrent defect. This case illustrates that conventional flap tissue with a preserved perforator can be recycled as a perforator flap, and that this method can be an efficient surgical option for recurrent defects.     

Medial plantar artery (instep flap) flap

Provision of sensation to the weightbearing surface of the heel is very vital in the sensate foot. Hence, resurfacing the weightbearing surface of the heel requires provision of stable skin cover and sensation. We have many options to fulfill the above requirements. Skin of the instep area can be raised as an island fasciocutaneous flap based on medial plantar vessels, with the branch of medial plantar nerve supplying the instep skin to provide the sensation. Medial plantar artery (instep) flap provides similar tissue with sensation and reaches the posteriormost part of the weightbearing surface of the heel with ease. We present in this article the relevant surgical anatomy, technique, and the clinical experience of 12 patients.     

Recycling a flap: Making a perforator flap from a previous gluteal fasciocutaneous flap

Abstract

We report a case of raising a previous gluteal fasciocutaneous flap again as a perforator-based flap to cover a recurrent defect. This case illustrates that conventional flap tissue with a preserved perforator can be recycled as a perforator flap, and that this method can be an efficient surgical option for recurrent defects.     

Accordion flap

The accordion flap is proposed as a means of covering a rhombic defect. A prominent feature of the method presented is in the preparation of a flap on one side of the skin defect, resulting in little dog ear.