真皮脂肪复合组织条移植在阴茎增粗延长术中的应用

目的 探讨应用真皮脂肪复合组织条游离移植行阴茎增粗延长术的方法及临床疗效.方法 2004年5月至2010年12月,应用自体真皮脂肪组织条游离移植加阴茎根部切口阴茎延长术,对24例患者行阴茎增粗延长.采用阴茎根部切口,切断阴茎浅悬韧带及部分深悬韧带进行阴茎延长,同时在阴茎深筋膜与海绵体白膜间游离移植长6.0～9.5 cm,宽1.2～1.5 cm,厚度0.6～0.8 cm真皮脂肪复合组织条,自耻骨前区腔隙直至阴茎冠状沟,以增粗阴茎.结果 24例中23例一期愈合,1例发生切口脂肪液化,换药后愈合.阴茎常态及勃起后形态良好,勃起时延长长度为2.5 ～4.8 cm,平均3.2 cm;阴茎周径延长长度为1.8～3.0 cm,平均2.4 cm.本组18例获得3个月至5年的随访,所有患者对术后阴茎形态满意,对性生活质量满意度高,未见手术并发症.结论 真皮脂肪复合组织条移植加阴茎悬韧带切断术是一种较好的阴茎增粗延长术式,手术安全,效果肯定.     

经包皮内板切口阴茎延长增粗术的研究

目的探讨经包皮内板切口阴茎延长增粗术的方法.方法通过阴茎包皮内板切口进行阴茎浅悬韧带和部分深悬韧带的切断,以及真皮脂肪游离移植的阴茎延长增粗术.结果本组12例患者行包皮内板切口阴茎延长术,其中3例同时行阴茎增粗术,阴茎静态长度增加2.0～3.5 cm,静态周径增加1.5～2.5 cm,术区无血供障碍,感觉良好,效果满意.结论经包皮内板切口的阴茎延长增粗术用于包皮过长的患者可以获得更佳的手术效果,且切口隐蔽,避免了耻骨区的瘢痕形成.     

正常男性的阴茎延长术

目的：探讨应用耻骨上倒U形切口、阴茎背侧浅悬韧带及部分深悬韧带切断的方法对正常男性阴茎延长的效果。方法：总结8年来收集的130例阴茎短小患者的资料,年龄16～53岁,平均年龄24岁,均采用同样的阴茎延长术式。结果：130例全部成功,仅1例发生切口脂肪液化,经定期换药处理后愈合,术后静态长度平均延长2.5～4cm,勃起后长度平均延长2～3.5cm。术后随访6～12个月,患者对阴茎外形、长度均满意,其中,有性生活的患者对术后性生活质量满意度均有不同程度的提高。结论：应用耻骨上倒U形切口、阴茎背侧浅悬韧带及部分深悬韧带切断的方法行阴茎延长术,具有手术成功率高、术后并发症少、术后瘢痕隐蔽及效果满意的优点。     

经包皮内板切口阴茎延长增粗术的研究

目的探讨经包皮内板切口阴茎延长增粗术的方法。方法通过阴茎包皮内板切口进行阴茎浅悬韧带和部分深悬韧带的切断,以及真皮脂肪游离移植的阴茎延长增粗术。结果本组12例患者行包皮内板切口阴茎延长术,其中3例同时行阴茎增粗术,阴茎静态长度增加2.0~3.5cm,静态周径增加1.5~2.5cm,术区无血供障碍,感觉良好,效果满意。结论经包皮内板切口的阴茎延长增粗术用于包皮过长的患者可以获得更佳的手术效果,且切口隐蔽,避免了耻骨区的瘢痕形成。     

人工血管补片置入阴茎海绵体白膜阴茎增粗术

虽然切断阴茎悬韧带延长阴茎的手术方法已被国内外一些学者作为整复阴茎短小的基本术式之一[1 ,2 ] ,但此方法仅延长阴茎 ,却无法增粗阴茎体。自 2 0 0 1年 3月以来 ,我们借鉴并改进Austoni等[3] 的方法 ,应用ePTFE人工血管补片置入扩大双侧阴茎海绵体白膜及容积的方法 ,为 7例患者行阴茎海绵体增粗同期阴茎延长手术 ,随访 6～ 2 4个月 ,形态及功能效果良好。1　手术方法先按参考文献[1 ] 行切断阴茎悬韧带的阴茎延长术。根据阴茎海绵体的长度预先裁剪为宽 1 5cm、厚 1mm的ePTFE人工血管补片 (美国GORE公司 ) 2片。在阴茎体两侧 ,分别…     

成人隐匿型阴茎误行包皮环切术后矫正手术效果分析

目的探讨隐匿型阴茎的成年男性患者误行包皮环切术后矫正手术的效果。方法2007年至2012年共收治误行包皮环切术的成人隐匿阴茎患者19例,年龄19～27岁,平均（22±2．6）岁。所有患者均存在阴茎显露不良及勃起时阴茎皮肤牵拉不适感,而其中5例伴有明显勃起痛或性交疼痛,13例体型肥胖并伴有耻骨上脂肪堆积。所有手术在全麻或硬膜麻醉下进行。采取原包皮环切切口,将阴茎皮肤完全脱套,切断异常的纤维条索带;然后显露阴茎悬韧带,将全部浅悬韧带及部分深悬韧带切断;在阴茎根部将阴茎白膜与皮下固定以防止阴茎体回缩;采用自体中厚皮片游离移植修复阴茎皮肤缺损。对于伴有耻骨上脂肪堆积的患者,先行去除脂肪：结果所有患者手术顺利,术前及术后静止状态下阴茎长度分别为（2．3±1．5）cm和（5．8±1．2）cm（P〈0．05）。术中补充的皮肤面积为25-65cm^2,平均为（42．6±12．2）cm^2。有2例患者出现移植皮片局限性坏死,经过加强换药后痊愈。所有患者对于术后效果均感满意,阴茎外露明显,无勃起时牵拉感、勃起痛或者性交疼痛发生。鳍论成人隐匿型阴茎容易被误诊为包皮过长而行包皮环切术,导致术后包皮短缩。对于误行包皮环切的阴茎患者,我们首先解除限制阴茎外露的因素,后应用自体皮片游离移植补充短缺的皮肤组织,可以从根本上解决问题,术后效果满意。     

改良阴茎延长术的解剖学研究和临床应用

目的 对阴茎发育不良症患者,采用阴茎海绵体延伸术和脂肪瓣转移术充分延长短小的阴茎.方法 通过对男性会阴部结构的解剖学研究,了解阴茎悬韧带的厚度、阴茎脚剥离长度与稳定性的关系;通过离断阴茎浅、深悬韧带,并分离部分海绵体脚,使原固定于耻骨下支的阴茎海绵体充分分离,以使阴茎更为延伸;用含血运的脂肪瓣填塞耻骨前间隙,保证术后远期阴茎的有效长度.结果 2001至2009年采用上述方法行阴茎延长术205例,术前阴茎常态下平均长度4.26cm,勃起时平均长度8.13 cm,术后阴茎常态下平均长度8.63 cm,勃起时平均长度12.11 cm.结论 采用本方法可在不影响阴茎勃起时稳定性的前提下,使阴茎海绵体比以往的阴茎延长术多延伸1～2 cm,使之更加满足患者生理和心理上的需求.     

基于MRI的阴茎深悬韧带及毗邻结构的三维重建

目的 建立阴茎深悬韧带三维图像,以探索对患者个体的阴茎深悬韧带的立体化多角度的观察方法.方法 以阴茎短小欲行阴茎延长术者作为受试者,于术前行磁共振成像(MRI)检查并将结果导入三维重建软件(MIMICS 10.0)中,重建阴茎深悬韧带、阴茎海绵体和耻骨联合等结构,并对其进行观察.结果 薄层MRI图像上可较为清晰的显示耻骨联合、阴茎海绵体、尿道海绵体,耻骨联合前下方和阴茎海绵体之间可见斑片状分布的阴茎深悬韧带.通过MIMICS 10.0可以对上述结构进行三维重建,对阴茎深悬韧带起止,以及其与阴茎海绵体的夹角、在阴茎海绵体上附着的范围等进行精确的描述.结论 基于MRI的阴茎深悬韧带及毗邻结构的三维重建,可对患者的阴茎深悬韧带进行动态、立体化多角度的观察,且利用重建后的图像还可为阴茎延长手术前判断阴茎海绵体延长长度,以及阴茎深悬韧带切除深度,提供一定的理论依据.     

悬韧带切断行残端阴茎延长术

1994年11月15日，我们对1例明茎外伤残端患者采用切断阴茎悬韧带及切口皮下组织并与耻骨联合骨膜固定的方法延长阴茎残喘，其效果良好，现介绍如下。l资料与方法1．1临床资料患者，16岁。13年前阴茎被狗咬断根部，当时行明望残端海绵体缝扎止血及尿道与皮肤外翻成形术，但术后需蹲位排尿。体检：一般情况好，阴茎残端微隆起，推压根部皮肤，于皮下触及残端阴茎发育尚粗，阴囊及其内容物均正常。1．2治疗方法在持续硬膜外麻醉卜，在明茎残喘根部背侧向下作倒“U”形切口切开皮肤及皮下组织，游离皮下组织至耻骨联合骨膜前，切断阴茎浅悬韧带…     

阴茎海绵体增粗并延长同期整复术

目的 介绍一种阴茎海绵体增粗并延长的新术式。方法 应用自体大隐静脉移植扩大双侧阴茎海绵体白膜、增大阴茎海绵体容积、增粗其周径，并切断阴茎悬韧带延长阴茎长度。结果 临床施行8例阴茎海绵体增粗并同期延长整形术，随访6～12个月，阴茎外形、感觉、勃起功能及性生活均满意。术后除1例阴茎包皮水肿6周才消退外，其余各例未出现较严重的并发症。结论 该手术方法使阴茎增粗效果显著，尤以勃起时更为明显，是一种动态功能性阴茎增大方法。     

A new technique for augmentation phalloplasty: albugineal surgery with bilateral saphenous grafts--three years of experience

OBJECTIVES: Penile augmentation surgery is a highly controversial issue due to the low level of standardisation of surgical techniques. The aim of the study is to illustrate a new technique to solve the problem of enlarging the penis by means of additive surgery on the albuginea of the corpora cavernosa, guaranteeing a real increase in size of the erect penis. METHODS: Between 1995 and 1997, 39 patients who requested an increase in the diameter of their penises underwent augmentation phalloplasty with bilateral saphena grafts. The patients considered eligible for surgery were patients with either hypoplasia of the penis or functional penile dysmorphophobia. All the patients included in our study presented normal erection at screening. The average penis diameter in a flaccid state and during erection was found to be 2.1cm (1.6-2.7 cm) and 2.9 cm (2.2-3.7 cm), respectively.Before surgery the patients were informed of the experimental nature of the surgical procedure. The increase in volume of the corpora cavernosa was achieved by applying saphena grafts to longitudinal openings made bilaterally in the albuginea along the whole length of the penis. RESULTS: No major complications and specifically no losses of sensitivity of the penis or erection deficiencies occurred during the post-operative follow-up period. All the patients resumed their sexual activity in 4 months. A measurement of the penile dimensions was carried out 9 months after surgery. No clinical meaningful increases in the diameter of the flaccid penis were documented. The average penis diameter during erection was found to be 4.2 cm (3.4-4.9) with post-surgery increases in diameter varying from 1.1 to 2.1cm (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The penile enlargement phalloplasty technique with albuginea surgery suggested by the authors definitely is indicated for increasing the volume of the corpora cavernosa during erection. Albuginea surgery with saphena grafts has been found to be free from aesthetic and functional complications with excellent patient satisfaction.     

Human glans penis augmentation using injectable hyaluronic acid gel

Although augmentation phalloplasty is not an established procedure, some patients still need enlargement of their penis. Current penile augmentation is girth enhancement of penile body by dermofat graft. We performed this study to identify the efficacy and the patient's satisfaction of human glans penis augmentation with injectable hyaluronic acid gel. In 100 patients of subjective small penis (Group I) and 87 patients of small glans after dermofat graft (Group II), 2 cm(3) of hyaluronic acid gel was injected into the glans penis, subcutaneously. At 1 y after injection, changes of glandular diameter were measured by tapeline. Patient's visual estimation of glandular size (Gr 0-4) and patient's satisfaction (Grade (Gr) 0-4) were evaluated, respectively. Any adverse reactions were also evaluated. The mean age of patients was 42.2 (30-70) y in Group I and 42.13 (28-61) y in Group II. The maximal glandular circumference was significantly increased compared to basal circumference of 9.13+/-0.64 cm in Group I (P<0.01) and 9.49+/-1.05 cm in Group II (P<0.01) at 1 y after injection. Net increase of maximal glandular circumference after glans augmentation was 14.93+/-0.80 mm in Group I and 14.78+/-0.89 mm in Group II. In patient's visual estimation, more than 50% of injected volume was maintained in 95% of Group 1 and 100% of Group II. The percentage of postoperative satisfaction (Gr 4, 5) was 77% in Group 1 and 69% in Group II. There was no abnormal reaction in area feeling, texture, and color. In most cases, initial discoloration by glandular swelling recovered to normal within 2 weeks. There were no signs of inflammation and no serious adverse reactions in all cases. These results suggest that injectable hyaluronic acid gel is a safe and effective material for augmentation of glans penis.     

Augmentative Phalloplasty

Until 20 years ago, penis size (either nonerected or erected) was not mentioned, discussed, or defined even in serious books of human anatomy. The need of some men to enlarge and elongate their penile size is equivalent to the need of some women to ask for breast augmentation. The same method of transferring autologous fat into other parts of the body can be used in male patients for augmentative phalloplasty. The circumference of the penis increases 2 to 3 cm, and before of a heavier penis, the length increases 1 to 2 cm. If more lengthening is desired, subtotal dissection of the ligament fundiforme penis below the symphysis could be done, pull the corpus cavernosus out, and fix the tunica albuginea at the periost. At the root of the phallus, the skin can be elongated by V-Y-plasty, and the scrotal skin can be released by 1 or 2 Z-plasties. Combining both autologous fat transfer and ligament release allows for penis elongation of 3 to 5 cm. The authors have performed augentative phalloplasty on 88 patients since 1996. They have transplanted 40 to 68 ml of pure fat. Of the 88 patients, 57 underwent autologous fat transfer only, and 31 received additional ligament release. Penis length increased 1.5 to 4.8 cm (average, 2.42 cm), and circumference increased 1.4 to 4.0 cm (average, 2.65 cm). The initial penis lengths were 6.5 to 10.0 cm (average, 8.72 cm), and the circumference were 8.0 to 10.1 cm (average, 9.18 cm) not erected. This article details a simple operative procedure to enlarge the penis and simple postoperative bandages. Patients are advised to obstain from sexual activity for 5 weeks after the surgery. Two patients who disregarded this advice had an unsatisfactory result. In one patient too, much of the grafted fat had to be removed from the preputium. No other serious complications were observed.     

半脱套松解法治疗隐匿阴茎疗效探讨

目的:探讨一种改良简化隐匿阴茎术式,既有较好手术效果,又减少减轻各种术后并发症。方法:58例隐匿阴茎患者,平均年龄6.8(3～15)岁。术式包括矫正狭窄包皮口使阴茎头完全显露、半脱套法翻转包皮并矫形、沿白膜表面切除发育不良条索带达阴茎悬韧带前端、使阴茎体释放但不作白膜固定。结果:所有患者均一次性手术成功,手术时间平均33(15～45)min,术后阴茎体外长度从术前平均1.4(0.5～2.8)cm增至3.9(3.2～8.5)cm。所有患者术后随访1～3年,包括阴茎外观、长度和自我感觉等,均效果满意。该术式简便、并发症少且术后恢复快。手术不影响阴茎根部深处神经血管和阴茎悬韧带等,不损伤阴茎本身结构及功能。结论:该术式简单有效,术后效果较好,尤其适合过度担忧手术并发症、将来性功能和生育问题的部分患者。     

Augmentation phalloplasty surgery for penile dysmorphophobia in young adults: considerations regarding patient selection, outcome evaluation and techniques applied

OBJECTIVES: To report on the efficacy and safety of augmentation phalloplasty procedures in physically normal young men, to introduce a patient selection and outcome evaluation questionnaire as well as, to propose a surgical technique modification. METHODS: Eleven (11) out of 28 psychosomatically normal men (25-35 years) who presented complaining of penile dysmorphophobia (subjective perception of small penis), were subjected to: (a) penile lengthening (suprapubic skin advancement--ligamentolysis): n=5, (b) penile lengthening and shaft thickening (free dermal-fat graft shaft coverage): n=3 and (c) panniculectomy--suprapubic lipectomy and penile lengthening: n=2. A self administered questionnaire was employed in order to facilitate selection of the patients qualifying for the operation as well as to evaluate the outcome. In addition, a technical modification regarding dermal-fat graft handling was applied. RESULTS: The postoperative course was uneventful with minor complications. The mean penile length gain (flaccid--stretched penis) was 1.6 cm (1-2.3 cm) [p=0.0014], the mean circumference gain was 2.3 cm [p=0.003] at the base and 2.6 cm [p=0.0012] subcoronaly. Significant (20%-53%) [p<0.0001] sexual self-esteem and functioning improvement was reported by the majority (91%) of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Although penile size alteration was not spectacular or satisfying the patients' "great" expectations, the substantially uneventful clinical course coupled with the significant improvement in sexual self-esteem and function and the highly accepted outcome by the patients, render augmentation phalloplasty reasonable treatment modality for the management of strictly selected and thoroughly informed young adults who suffer from penile dysmorphophobia.     

阴茎延长同期行脱细胞异体真皮基质补片双平面植入阴茎增粗术

目的探讨阴茎延长同期行脱细胞异体真皮基质（acellular dermal matrix,ADM）补片双平面植入阴茎增粗术的方法与效果。方法采用阴茎根部倒V形切口。离断阴茎浅悬韧带后,沿阴茎纵轴切开Dartos筋膜,在其深面向远端分离。距冠状沟1．5～2．0cm处环形切开Buck筋膜,将补片前部植于Buck筋膜与白膜间,后部植于Dartos筋膜与Buck筋膜间。缝合Dartos筋膜切口,V—Y成形术闭合阴茎根部切口。结果35例术后无1例发生阴茎皮肤坏死、补片外露并发症。25例获随访6～24个月,对阴茎外形均感满意;无1例出现补片移位或皱褶、阴茎头感觉异常;其中21例已婚者均感性生活满意。结论经阴摹根部切口行脱细胞异体真皮基质补片双平面植入阴茎增粗术,通过调整补片植入层次,在确保补片足够的组织覆盖及刚茎皮肤血供情况下,在I期内行延长并增粗阴：拳术,具有并发症少、疗效满意的优点。     

开放手术和内窥镜手术治疗男性尿道狭窄83例报告

目的:总结83例男性尿道狭窄患者的手术治疗体会.方法:对54例≤1.5 cm尿道狭窄者采用内窥镜技术治疗;对29例＞1.5 cm尿道狭窄中的21例行开放手术治疗,其中4例长段尿道狭窄者利用包皮瓣或阴茎皮瓣做尿道成形术,另8例行内窥镜手术治疗,其中5例采用自体包皮片移植术.结果:经6～36个月随访,开放手术排尿通畅者占85.7%,内窥镜手术排尿通畅者为88.7%.结论:临床上应根据尿道狭窄范围及长短选择手术方式,尿道狭窄段≤1.5 cm者适合内窥镜手术,而＞1.5 cm者适合开放手术.而包皮皮片、包皮、阴茎皮瓣是非常好的长段尿道狭窄的替代物.     

脱套式阴茎固定术治疗隐匿阴茎(附200例报告)

目的：探讨脱套式阴茎固定术对200例隐匿阴茎患儿的治疗效果。方法：对200例隐匿阴茎患儿采用脱套式阴茎固定术,患者平均年龄6．5岁（3～12岁）。其中并发有包茎的患儿160例,明显肥胖者20例。结果：在平均约10个月的随访中,无明显肥胖者术后阴茎外形及发育良好。20例明显肥胖者中有4例术后2～3个月左右出现轻度阴茎回缩,其余阴茎外形良好,无复发。结论：脱套式阴茎固定术是治疗隐匿阴茎的理想术式,术后并发症少,外观满意。     

Suspensory ligament release combined with acellular dermal matrix filler in infrapubic space: A new method for penile length augmentation

Until now, no reliable method is recognised in treating buried penis. This study explored a new method of penile length augmentation using acellular dermal matrix filler in infrapubic space combined with liposuction and penile suspensory release. Patients with “small‐sized penis” received penile length augmentation procedure including suprapubic liposuction, penile suspensory ligament release and insertion of folded acellular dermal matrix between corpora cavernosa and pubis symphysis. Their penile length from tip to skin was measured pre‐operatively and post‐operatively. The post‐operative complications and patients' satisfaction were also recorded. Fifteen adult male patients were included with the mean age of 33.2 ± 4.6 years old and BMI of 28.9 ± 5.3 kg/m². The average amount of liposuction was 430 ± 90.0 ml. The average penile length measured pre‐operatively and post‐operatively (on table and 3 months afterwards) was 3.0 ± 1.3 cm, 7.3 ± 2.1 cm and 5.4 ± 1.8 cm. The penile length has significantly increased by 4.3 ± 1.6 cm (on table) and 2.4 ± 0.8 cm (3 months post‐operatively; p < 0.05). The post‐operative complications included oedema of penis, ecchymosis of lower abdomen and poor wound healing. No patient was dissatisfied with the appearance and function. The new method using acellular dermal matrix combined with liposuction and penile suspensory ligament release is safe and effective. The method could be applied to selected patients with buried penis.     

阴茎延长术的解剖与临床应用

目的探讨成人阴茎延长术的可行性和安全性。方法在20具正常男性成年人尸体阴茎延长解剖学观测的基础上,选择46例阴茎短小（2.8±1.2）cm（1.6～3.5 cm）患者,在阴茎根部设计＂N＂形切口,左、右径3.0～4.5 cm,保留皮瓣足够厚度和良好血运,从皮肤到阴茎浅韧带的厚度3.0～5.0 cm,直视或指感下完全切断阴茎浅韧带,将深韧带切断1/3,切口留置皮条引流。结果尸体解剖学观测,阴茎浅韧带在阴茎根部的厚度为（0.4±0.1）cm（0.2～0.7 cm）,宽度（3.1±0.9）cm（2.1～5.0 cm）。阴茎深韧带厚度为（2.5±1.0）cm（2.0～3.1 cm）,宽度（0.5±0.1）cm（0.4～0.6 cm）。46例术后测量阴茎自然静态下长度（4.6±1.5）cm（3.5～6.0 cm）,较手术前延长（2.5±0.7）cm（1.9～3.5 cm）,术后与术前比较差异有统计学意义（t=4.228,P=0.000）。3例术后阴茎水肿用1∶5000呋喃西林液浸泡3个月后消退。42例（91.3%）随访8个月～15年,平均6年2个月,〉5年31例,患者自信心增加、自觉性生活满意占85.7%（36/42）,另6例（14.3%）感到延长长度不够,仍不满意。结论切断阴茎浅韧带和部分深韧带行阴茎延长术安全有效,术后阴茎皮下顽固水肿与阴茎背浅静脉及淋巴管损伤有密切关系。