非血缘脐血干细胞移植治疗X连锁慢性肉芽肿7例

目的探讨非血缘脐血干细胞移植(UR-UCBT)治疗X连锁慢性肉芽肿(X-CGD)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2007年5月至2015年5月海军总医院收治7例X-CGD患儿进行UR-UCBT的临床资料并复习相关文献。给7例X-CGD患儿进行UR-UCBT,6例为单份脐血,1例为双份脐血。HLA配型4例全相合,2例5个位点相合,1例4个位点相合。预处理选用白消安/环磷酰胺/兔抗人T-淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白(ATG),其中6例在其基础上加氟达拉滨(Flu)。于0 d回输脐血,有核细胞中位数为8.51×10~7/kg,CD34~+细胞中位数为3.81×10~5/kg。预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)采用环孢霉素A/吗替麦考酚酯,其中1例在其基础上加甲基泼尼松龙。结果 ANC≥0.5×10~9/L和PLT≥20×10~9/L的中位天数分别是+14 d和+30 d。4例出现Ⅰ~Ⅲ度急性GVHD,给予激素后均控制。在+30 d所有患儿通过PCR-SSO/FISH检测均为供者型完全嵌合。ECGD酶活力均于+1个月恢复正常。CYBB基因异常者+2个月未检测出突变基因。随访中位时间10(5~101)个月,未发生慢性GVHD,1例+3个月死于心功能衰竭,现存活6例酶活力均恢复正常,为无病存活。结论非血缘脐血能快速有效的提供造血干细胞,能耐受HLA多个位点不相合,UR-UCBT可对X-CGD起到根治性治疗作用。     

Unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation and unrelated bone marrow transplantation in children with hematological disease: A meta-analysis

Abstract:  UCB has been used as an alternative source of HSC. Both unrelated donor BM and UCB are available as potential options for transplantation. However, there have been limited comparisons of the outcomes of unrelated donor UCBT vs. UBMT in the unrelated setting. Our aim is to observe the therapeutic efficacy of UCBT and UBMT for treatment of pediatric hematological diseases. We electronically searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, and critically appraised all relevant articles (1989.1–2008.5). Comparative studies were carried out on clinical therapeutic effect of UCBT and UBMT with research on stem cells engraftment, complications, earlier mortality, and survival rate. We performed a meta-analysis using review manager 5.0 software (RevMan, The Nordic Cochrane Center, The Cochrane Collaboration) and adopted funnel plot regression to assess the publication bias. We obtained 324 records. Seven trials totaling 1453 patients have been assessed. Pooled comparisons of studies of UCBT and UBMT in children found that the incidence of engraftment failure and earlier transplantation-related mortality were higher with UCBT because of its delay of hematological recovery [OR = 4.96, 95% CI (3.25, 7.59), p < 0.00001 and OR = 2.36, 95% CI (1.79, 3.11), p < 0.00001 respectively], but CMV infection didn't increase obviously. There was no difference in long disease-free survival rate [OR = 0.85, 95% CI (0.65, 1.01), p = 0.06] between UCBT and UBMT due to the decrease of GVHD in UCBT [OR = 0.45, 95% CI (0.34, 0.60), p < 0.0001]. Our meta-analysis confirmed that UCBT in children is also an effective way to treat children with hematological disease and has equivalent survival outcomes compared with UBMT.     

Matched unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation for a patient with chemotherapy resistant Wilms tumor

We report a patient with chemotherapy refractory Wilms tumor who underwent an unrelated donor cord blood transplant for chemotherapy refractory disease. The preparative regimen consisted of busulfan, melphalan, and anti‐thymocyte globulin, and was well tolerated. This patient did not experience significant toxicity related to the chemotherapy regimen and did not develop any graft versus host disease from his HLA (A, B, DR) 6/6 matched cord blood transplant. Follow‐up CT scans 2 years post‐transplant have shown no evidence of disease progression, with only a few pulmonary nodules remaining, which are unchanged in size from his pre‐transplant CT scan. It is possible that high‐dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation can be curative in patients with tumors that are non‐responsive to conventional chemotherapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:763–765. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

人类白细胞抗原配型一个位点不合非血缘脐血移植治疗急性淋巴细胞性白血病一例

近年脐血已成为造血干细胞重要来源之一并用于血液病的治疗。我们于2002年11月进行了一例人类白细胞抗原(HLA)配型一个位点不合的非血缘脐血移植(unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation,UCBT),获得成功。现报告如下。     

Wolman disease: Diagnosis by leucocyte acid lipase estimation

Wolman disease is a rare fatal autosomal recessive disorder caused by absence of acid lipase enzyme leading to accumulation of cholesterol ester. Hepatosplenomegaly is a constant feature and occurs as early as fourth day of life. Progressive mental deterioration may occur after few weeks of onset of symptoms. Adrenal calcification seen on X-ray abdomen, USG or CT scan is the hallmark of Wolman disease. For the first time in Indian literature, the authors report a case of Wolman disease that was confirmed by acid lipase enzyme estimation     

非血缘脐血移植后淋巴增殖性疾病一例

移植后淋巴增殖性疾病（posttransplantation lymphoproliferation disease,PTLD）是造血干细胞移植后少见的严重并发症之一,重者危及生命。我们于2005年9月为1例5岁急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）患儿行非血缘脐血移植（umbilical cord blood transplantation,UCBT）,移植后92d并发PTLD,使用CD加单抗治疗成功,报道如下。     

Successful unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation for class 3 β‐thalassemia major using a reduced‐toxicity regimen

Unrelated umbilical CB transplant for class 3 β‐thalassemia major is associated with an increased risk of mortality and non‐engraftment. We describe two patients who underwent successful unrelated umbilical CB transplant using a novel reduced‐toxicity preparative regimen. This regimen may be sufficiently immunosuppressive and myeloablative to ensure engraftment with reduced risks of toxicity and mortality. Close monitoring of HHV‐6 viral load is advised for patients undergoing transplant with this regimen.     

Successful unrelated umbilical cord blood cell transplantation without conditioning for a neonate with severe combined immunodeficiency

Taga T, Itoh E, Noda Y, Kato H, Maruo Y, Takano T, Ohta S, Takeuchi Y, Kumaki S. Successful unrelated umbilical cord blood cell transplantation without conditioning for a neonate with severe combined immunodeficiency.
Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: E152–E155. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: A neonate was diagnosed as having SCID from his umbilical cord blood cells immediately after birth because his older brother had died of SCID eight months earlier. One locus‐mismatched unrelated umbilical cord blood cell transplantation without conditioning was performed at the age of 30 days. The CD3‐positive cells were detected on day 14 post‐transplantation. There were no peri‐transplantation complications. Four yr after transplantation, the boy is in excellent condition and T and NK cell engraftments are complete. His peripheral B cells with a common gamma chain were not detected by flow cytometry, and he still needs IgG replacement; however, his IgM and IgA levels have gradually increased, and the dosage of IVIG per body weight has gradually decreased. We speculate that the very few B cells that proliferate from transplanted cord blood cells produce gamma globulin. Unrelated cord blood cell transplantation, even though mismatched, without conditioning would be a treatment option for neonates with severe combined immunodeficiency.     

Successful treatment of refractory Langerhans cell histiocytosis with unrelated cord blood transplantation

A 2-month-old girl presented for treatment with a diffuse rash, interstitial pneumonia, otorrhea, and lymphadenopathy. Skin biopsy confirmed Langerhans cell histocytosis by electron microscopy. After receiving multiple courses of chemotherapy, only marginal improvement was achieved, with progressive marrow and liver involvement. The decision was made to pursue a human leukocyte antigen-identical unrelated cord blood transplantation. Two years after transplant, the bone marrow was clear of Langerhans cell histocytosis and 100% donor engraftment. The poor prognosis of patients with an inadequate response to therapy and the presence of organ dysfunction (marrow and liver) substantiated the decision to pursue an unrelated cord blood transplantation.     

Unrelated cord blood transplantation in children with sickle cell disease: review of four-center experience

UCBT was performed in seven children with SCD and stroke (HLA match 4/6 n=5; 5/6 n=2). Four received myeloablative regimens (BU, CY, ATG plus FLU in one patient). One had primary graft failure, three had sustained engraftment, two with grade III-IV GVHD (one died, one developed chronic GVHD), one with stable mixed chimerism. Three patients treated with reduced-intensity regimens (FLU, BU or CY, ATG, TLI) failed to engraft; one engrafted after second UCBT (HU, TT, RXA, ALZ, TBI). Four patients (57%) developed viral infections. Engraftment, GVHD, and infection remain challenges.     

脐血外周血造血干细胞移植治疗遗传性溶血性贫血的疗效比较

目的　比较亲属异基因脐血造血干细胞移植 (UCBT)与亲属异基因外周血造血干细胞移植 (PBSCT)治疗遗传性溶血性贫血 (溶贫 )的临床疗效。方法　 16例遗传性溶贫 (重型 β地中海贫血 14例 ,先天性特发性溶血性贫血 2例 )中 9例行UCBT ,7例行PBSCT。预处理方案以白消安 14～ 2 0mg/kg、环磷酰胺 16 0～ 2 0 0mg/kg和抗胸腺细胞球蛋白 90mg/kg为基础 ,8例加马法兰 90mg/m2 ,2例加噻替哌 6mg/kg ,4例加噻替哌和氟达拉宾15 0mg/m2 。结果　UCBT组植入 7例 (7/ 9) ,其中 2例于移植术后 6 0d(+6 0d)内排斥、回复地中海贫血 (地贫 )状态 ,1例发生急性肾衰竭死亡 ;4例出现急性移植物抗宿主病 (aGVHD) ,1例出现慢性移植物抗宿主病 (cGVHD) ;中位随访时间 4 9个月 (38～ 6 4个月 )。PBSCT组植入 6例 (6 / 7) ,无继发排斥 ,1例发生肝衰竭死亡 ,1例于 +3d死于败血症 ;5例出现aGVHD ,其中 3例延续为cGVHD ;中位随访时间 39个月 (2 5～ 4 9个月 )。结论　UCBT、PBSCT治疗遗传性溶贫具有不同的特点。PBSCT治疗具有植入率高 ,GVHD发生率也高的特点。UCBT具有GVHD程度较轻 ,提示人类白细胞抗原配型不全相合也可开展移植 ,但应改善低植入率的问题。     

65例中国非亲缘性脐血造血干细胞移植的回顾研究

目的1998—2004年,广州脐血库向国内25家移植中心提供非亲缘性脐血治疗恶性及非恶性肿瘤性疾病患者65例,对其进行回顾性分析,探讨与非亲缘性脐血移植密切相关的影响因素。方法脐带血均采自广州市妇婴医院正常分娩的足月顺产产妇,脐血分离、冻存、复温方法参照纽约脐血库的标准及相关文献;选择脐血的依据是HLA相合程度及有核细胞数量。结果65例接受非亲缘性脐血移植的病例中,白血病49例,遗传缺陷性疾病16例;男性42例,女性23例;受者中位年龄10岁(1~33岁);中位体重27kg(10~67kg);HLA-A、B,DRB1匹配全相合9例,1个位点不合43例,2个位点不合13例;总有核细胞(TNC)中位输入量5.7×107/kg[(1.84~20.00)×107/kg]。移植后植入50例有核细胞总数(ANC>500/μl),植入的中位时间为17.5d(7~44d),植入率77%;41例受体发生GVHD,发生率为63%。30例长期存活(无病生存时间>365d),无病存活率为61%。结论非亲缘性脐血移植具有良好的临床应用前景。     

Successful unrelated cord blood transplantation for chronic granulomatous disease: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract:  CGD is a rare inherited immunodeficiency disorder that is caused by disability of oxidative killing. We presented a two-yr-old boy with CGD who was suffering from multiple systemic abscesses. He received the first BMT from his HLA-haploidentical mother after conditioning with Flu, melphalan, and ATG. Although the maximum of 42% donor chimerism was achieved, it disappeared 73 days after the BMT. Then, we performed 5/6-matched unrelated cord blood re-transplantation after conditioning with Flu, Bu, and TBI (2 Gy). Engraftment and complete donor chimerism were achieved on days 18 and 19, respectively. The patient is now free from infection and maintains complete donor chimerism without GVHD 36 months after the cord blood re-transplantation. We postulate that the unrelated CBT has a potential to be an alternative strategy and might be beneficial for patients with CGD who do not have an HLA-identical donor.     

Successful unrelated cord blood transplantation in a child with beta-thalassemia major

We report here the first successful transplant of unrelated umbilical cord blood (UCB) for a child with beta-thalassemia major in Taiwan. A total of 2.48 x 10(5)/kg CD34 cells were infused into a 3(1/2)-year-old girl following conditioning with a pre-transplant cytoreductive/immunosuppressive regimen of busulfan and cyclophosphamide. The absolute neutrophil count first exceeded 0.5 x 10(9)/l on day 17, and the patient became red cell- and platelet-independent on days 34 and 49, respectively. Engraftment of donor hematopoietic populations was documented by cytogenetic analysis, hemoglobin electrophoresis, Southern blot analysis for thalassemia markers, and molecular analysis of short tandem repeats sequences. The patient was ex-thalassemic for more than 15 months post transplant. From this experience, it is postulated that UCB will indeed allow us to expand the available donor pool for recipients with an HLA DRB1 mismatched at one locus and reduce the risk of graft-versus-host disease.     

Wolman病临床及LIPA基因突变1例

目的 探讨Wolman病的临床特点及分子诊断的意义。方法 对1例符合Wolman病临床表现的患儿进行白细胞溶酶体酸性脂酶LIPA基因测序,分析其突变的类型。结果 约5月龄女婴,发现“皮肤黄染10余天,加重伴发热3 d”入院。查体见肝脾显著肿大,黄疸。实验室检查提示贫血,肝功能衰竭,高三酰甘油血症;X线胸腹片和腹部增强CT均提示特征性双侧肾上腺增大和广泛钙化。骨髓涂片可见海蓝色泡沫状组织细胞,PAS染色提示脂质沉积。DNA测序显示,LIPA基因编码区第7外显子上发生c.796G>T,p.G266*的纯合无义突变,导致266位甘氨酸（GGA）突变为终止密码（TGA）(p.G266*),致溶酶体酸性脂酶缺失。结论 Wolman病婴儿期起病,以显著肝脾肿大、特征性双侧肾上腺增大和广泛钙化、高三酰甘油血症为特征,相应的酶学分析和LIPA基因检测均可确诊Wolman病。     

Hyperacute graft-vs.-host disease after related HLA-identical umbilical cord blood transplantation

haGVHD has been described following bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and in a single case who received unrelated HLA mismatched CB. An unusual case of haGVHD following HLA 6/6-matched sibling CBT in a child with AML is presented. The development of haGVHD in a fully matched CBT and without precipitating factors may suggest the role of still undefined and perhaps individual contributory factors.     

人类白细胞抗原不全相合非血缘脐血移植治疗儿童难治性复发急性白血病

脐血移植治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的疗效仍需观察。我科于2001年4月～2003年3月应用非血缘脐血移植(UD-UCBT)治疗儿童难治性复发急性白血病患儿3例,现报告如下。     

无关脐血移植治疗儿童噬血细胞综合征

目的探讨脐血移植对儿童噬血细胞综合征的治疗效果。方法一例16月龄确诊为噬血细胞综合征的幼儿,经HLH-2004推荐方案进行化疗及免疫治疗7个月后,病情未缓解,行HLA基因位点5/6相合无关脐血移植。预处理采用BU/CY+VP16方案:马利兰(BU)1mg/kg,第6h一次,用4d共16次(-8~-5d);足叶乙甙(VP16)30mg/kg,用1天(-4d);环磷酰胺(CY)60mg/kg,用2d(-3~-2d)。输入脐血有核细胞(NC)5·66×107/kg,CD3+4细胞1·21×105/kg。GVHD预防采用环胞菌素A(CsA)+骁悉(MMF)+抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)。移植后应用G-CSF加速造血重建。结果脐血造血干细胞未植入,自体造血恢复。移植治疗后,患儿病情逐渐好转。随访至移植后14个月,病情持续完全缓解。结论噬血细胞综合征经化疗和免疫治疗不能缓解者,应及时进行移植治疗;供体细胞植入失败的移植,也有可能暂时或长期缓解病情。