果蝇神经特异性拼接因子Dxl6变体在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中的表达

目的:表达与纯化果蝇中SR蛋白家族新成员Dxl6 N端变体.方法:用PCR方法扩增得到Dxl6 N端基因片段,经酶切亚克隆至pGEX-4T-1原核表达载体,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中与GST融合表达,并用谷胱甘肽-sepharose4B亲和层析柱纯化融合蛋白.结果:表达产物以可溶形式经亲和层析柱纯化后获得相对分子质量约为37 000的融合蛋白.结论:成功克隆、表达并纯化了果蝇神经特异性拼接因子Dxl6N端变体与GST的融合蛋白.     

果蝇神经特异性拼接因子Dxl6N变体在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中的表达

目的：表达与纯化果蝇中SR蛋白家族新成员Dxl6N端变体。方法：用PCR方法扩增得到Dxl6N端基因片段，经酶切亚克隆至pGEX-4T-1原核表达栽体。在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中与GST融合表达。并用谷胱甘肽-sepharose4B亲和层析柱纯化融合蛋白。结果：表达产物以可溶形式经亲和层析柱纯化后获得相对分子质量约为37000的融合蛋白。结论：成功克隆、表达并纯化了果蝇神经特异性拼接因子Dxl6N端变体与GST的融合蛋白。     

SARS冠状病毒M蛋白B细胞抗原表位的原核表达与抗原活性检测

目的从SARS冠状病毒M蛋白的线性重叠肽链文库中筛选出5个B细胞抗原表位,通过构建原核表达载体,表达抗原表位融合蛋白,并检测其抗原活性.方法应用大肠杆菌高频密码子设计引物,通过PCR方法合成编码SARS冠状病毒M蛋白5个抗原表位(MKY1、MKY2、MKY3、MKY4和MKY5)的DNA片段,经克隆和测序分析,亚克隆至表达载体pET-CKS,转化大肠杆菌BL21;阳性菌株经IPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE分析;大量诱导表达抗原表位融合蛋白,亲和层析予以纯化;Western检测SARS病人阳性血清对融合蛋白的识别.结果成功构建SARS冠状病毒M蛋白抗原表位的表达载体,在大肠杆菌BL21中表达,融合蛋白表达量达到细菌总蛋白30%,经亲和层析纯化,融合蛋白可被SARS病人抗血清识别.结论原核表达的抗原表位融合蛋白具有良好的抗原活性,为下一步进行SARS冠状病毒诊断试剂盒的开发研究奠定基础.     

SARS冠状病毒N基因的扩增与克隆

目的 RT—PCR扩增、克隆SARS冠状病毒N蛋白基因。方法 根据GenBank数据库中TOR2株的全基因组序列，利用Primer Premier5．0软件设计引物RT-PCR巢式扩增SARS冠状病毒的N基因，PCR产物克隆后进行测序鉴定。结果 序列分析表明。pMD18-T载体中已成功重组了N基因。结论 N蛋白基因的扩增、克隆成功，为N蛋白的表达、N蛋白结构与功能的研究奠定了基础。     

SARS冠状病毒PUMC2株N蛋白cDNA的克隆、表达和纯化

目的 原核表达并纯化SARS冠状病毒N蛋白。方法 用RT-PCR技术克隆SARS冠状病毒PUMC2株N蛋白全长cDNA,cDNA经序列分析鉴定后,克隆到pET32a表达载体,转化E．coli BL21进行原核表达并纯化出SARS冠状病毒N蛋白。结果 实现了SARS冠状病毒N蛋白的表达及纯化。结论 用基因重组方法表达的SARS冠状病毒N蛋白可为其进一步功能研究提供条件。     

日本血吸虫SJCHGC02377蛋白部分片段的克隆与表达

目的:克隆和表达日本血吸虫SJCHGC02377蛋白。方法:采用RT-PCR从日本血吸虫成虫总RNA中扩增出编码SJCHGC02377蛋白的基因片段;经克隆和测序分析后,亚克隆至表达载体pET-23 a(+),转化大肠埃希菌BL21,菌落PCR和双酶切鉴定;阳性菌株经IPTG诱导表达SJCHGC02377蛋白部分片段,亲和层析予以纯化。结果:RT-PCR扩增出SJCH-GC02377蛋白基因片段;获得的阳性克隆序列与GenBank中登录的日本血吸虫SJCHGC02377蛋白的基因序列一致;SJCH-GC02377蛋白基因被亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-23 a(+),在BL21中获得了表达,表达的蛋白经亲和层析获得纯化。结论:成功构建了日本血吸虫SJCHGC02377蛋白的重组表达质粒,在大肠埃希菌中获得表达。     

MAGE-3目的基因原核表达载体的构建和表达

目的构建原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-MAGE-3并检测其在大肠杆菌（E．coli）BL21中的表达，为制备以黑色素瘤抗原-3（MAGE-3）基因片段为基础的肽疫苗及特异诊断试剂提供抗原打下基础。方法通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）法制备MAGE-3目的基因，以pGEM—T Easy为克隆载体，DGEX-4T-1为原核表达载体，将MAGE-3目的基因克隆至pGEM—TEasy载体和亚克隆至pGEX-4T-1载体上。筛选、鉴定阳性克隆并将其转化E．coli BL21．经IPTG诱导，12％SDS—PAGE电泳分离和Western Blot表达鉴定。结果正确构建了原核重组表达质粒pGEX-4T-1-MAGE-3；在E．coli BL21中检测到含该重组表达质粒的转化菌表达出分子量35kD的融合蛋白；基因测序结果表明，阳性克隆中的MAGE-3目的基因序列与GenBank公布的已知序列完全一致。结论成功构建的原核重组表达载体pGEX-4T-1-MAGE-3及其所表达的融合蛋白，为以MAGE-3目的基因为基础的肽疫苗及特异诊断试剂的研制提供抗原打下了基础；为后续实验提供了依据。     

人肿瘤抗原基因Delta-like4(DLL4)可溶性表达、纯化及鉴定

目的研究克隆肿瘤抗原人DLL4基因,与原核表达载体可溶性融合表达、分离纯化及其鉴定,并计划将其应用于DLL4特异性肺癌肿瘤疫苗研究过程中的抗血清滴度检测.方法采用PCR方法扩增DLL4多核苷酸序列,克隆入pMD-18T载体.测序正确后,将其亚克隆入pGEX-KG原核表达载体,获得pGEX-KG-hDLL4载体.以该载体转化E.coli菌株BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导其表达,裂解大肠杆菌,以GSTrap亲和层析柱纯化目的蛋白,采用SDS-PAGE电泳,Western Blot方法鉴定目的蛋白的表达.结果 PCR扩增获得了hDLL4基因片段,经测序证实与GenBank公布的序列一致,重组的质粒经过PCR、酶切鉴定,证明重组质粒中已成功的插入了目的基因hDLL4.成功构建了该蛋白的原核表达载体pGEX-KG-hDLL4.结论融合蛋白GST-hDLL4在25℃,IPTG终浓度0.5 mmol/L条件下诱导表达,以GSTrap亲和层析柱纯化,获得纯化融合蛋白.采用SDS-PAGE,Western Blot的方法可检测到目的可溶性融合蛋白GST-hDLL4的表达.     

小鼠TSR2-3/TSP-1基因片段的克隆及其GST融合蛋白的表达和纯化

目的：获取小鼠TSR2—3／TSP-1基因片段，并高效表达和纯化GST—TSR2—3融合蛋白。方法：应用RT—PCR技术，从小鼠肺总RNA中，获得编码TSR2—3的基因片功能片段，测序后，通过酶切克隆至表达载体pGEX-5X-2，构建重组表达载体，并导入E.coli BL21宿主菌中，IPTG诱导表达重组的GST融合蛋白，亲和层析纯化表达产物，SDS—PAGE和Westem blot进行分析鉴定。结果：获得小鼠TSR2-3基因片段，测序结果与GenBank的基因序列一致，重组GST融合蛋白经SDS-PAGE和Westem blot分析，在相对分子量39kDa处，出现特异性蛋白条带，重组蛋白经GST亲和层析柱纯化后，得到了高纯度的融合蛋白。结论：成功克隆小鼠TSR2—3基因片段，并在Ecoli BL21中高效表达，亲和层析后获得高纯度GST—TSR2—3融合蛋白。     

结核分支杆菌38KD蛋白基因克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的构建和克隆结核分枝杆菌38kD蛋白的基因，以转基因技术导入大肠杆菌，诱导表达，以获得大量38kD抗原。方法根据GenBank上编码38kD蛋白的基因系列，设计一对特异引物，通过PCR技术从结核分支杆菌H37Rv基因扩增出38kD蛋白基因片段；目的基因连接到克隆载体pMD 18-T Simple Vector，测序鉴定，目的片段双酶切下来克隆到原核表达载体pET-30a中，成功构建成带有N末6His-tag的融合表达载体。表达载体用化学转化法转化E．coli BL21（DE3），用菌落PCR筛选得到阳性克隆；经1mmol／L IPTG诱导4h表达外源蛋白；而且在37℃时蛋白表达量最高；二烷基磺酸钠一聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS—PAGE）分析结果。结果38kD序列与GenBank报道完全一致；用菌落PCR筛选得到阳性克隆；经1mmol／L IPTG诱导4h表达外源蛋白；而且在37℃时蛋白表达量最高；二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS—PAGE）分析结果显示，在大约38kD处有表达产物特异条带；可溶性分析表明，该重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中主要以包涵体的形式存在；纯化的包涵体纯度达到90％。结论获得38kD蛋白工程菌株，为将此抗原用于临床诊断应用打下基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.