植物血凝素（PHA）对小鼠骨髓粒一单祖细胞增殖的影响

用体外琼脂培养法研究丁PHA对小鼠骨髓CFU—GM的影响．结果表明．小鼠经腹腔注射PHA后，对小鼠CFU—GM产串和自杀率的影响随PHA的剂量不同而异．20-40mg／kg的PHA能明显提高CFU—GM的产率。其作用时间维持3天．剂量大于50mg／kg．可抑制CFU—GM产串．PHA组自杀串较对照组明显提高．提示适量的PHA在体内可促进小鼠CFU—GM的增殖，使更多的CFU—GM由Go期进入S期．将PHA直接加入无CSF的培养体系中，未见集落生长．此项结果提示PHA可能通过间接机制而非直接作用于CFU—GM．     

植物血凝素（PHA）对小鼠骨髓粒—巨噬祖细胞的保护作用

以体外半固体琼脂培养方法,观察了PHA对小鼠骨髓CFU—GM的保护作用.结果显示 小鼠经腹腔往射PHA后,对小鼠CFU—GM的自杀率有明显提高,提示适量的PHA在体内可以促进小鼠CFU—GM增殖.使更多的CFU—GM由Go进入S期.我们发现4mg/kg三尖杉酯碱(Ha)明显抑制小鼠CFU—GM增殖,若先用PHA(30mg/kg处理小鼠,则可对抗上述剂量的Ha,使CFU—GM产率维持于对照组水平.提示PHA能有效地保护粒-巨噬系免受Ha的损害,     

人巨细胞病毒感染对脐血粒-单祖细胞集落染色体SCE的影响

目的探讨人巨细胞病毒(human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)感染对脐血粒-单祖细胞集落(colony forming unit-granulocyte/monocyte,CFU-GM)染色体的影响.方法采用造血祖细胞体外培养和祖细胞集落染色体(sister chromatid exchange,SCE)制备技术,以HCMVAD169为攻击病毒,研究其对定向CFU-GM祖细胞集落染色体SCE率的影响.结果 HCMV感染组CFU-GM集落染色体SCE率较实验对照组和空白对照组明显增高.结论 HCMV可造成CFU-GM集落染色体的损伤.     

当归多糖对小鼠粒单系血细胞发生的影响

采用造血祖细胞体外培养等技术研究当归多糖(AP)对小鼠粒单系血细胞发生的影响.结果表明:注射AP对正常或骨髓抑制,贫血鼠的粒单系祖细胞(CFU-GM)增殖有明显刺激作用;AP体内、外刺激制备的脾细胞条件培养液,腹腔巨噬细胞培养上清液对CFU-GM增殖具有较高刺激活性;AP体内注射制备的肌条件培养液亦对CFU-GM增殖有较高调控活性;注射AP对骨髓粒单系造血有显著促进作用;并能增高外周血白细胞.提示AP可能通过直接和/或间接途径激活造血微环境中的巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞等,也可刺激肌组织,促进其产生造血调控因子,进而促进多能造血干细胞和CFU-GM增殖分化,这或许是当归"补血"的细胞生物学机理之一.     

人巨细胞病毒感染对脐血粒-单祖细胞生长及SCE的影响

目的探讨HCMV对CFU-GM集落生长及SCE的影响。方法采用造血祖细胞培养技术及集落染色体SCE制备技术,观察HCMV169感染的CFU-GM的产率,大集落所占比例,峰期,维持时间及SCE率。结果HCMV169感染的CFU-GM集落产率及大集落所占比例显著减少,集落维持时间明显缩短,集落SCE率显著提高。结论HCMV在体外能抑制CFU-GM集落生长并对其染色体有损伤。     

分枝杆菌多糖对小鼠骨髓造血祖细胞GMCFU的影响

对分枝杆菌多糖（Ｍｙｃｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｌｐｏｌｙｓａｃｃｈａｒｉｄｅｓ，ＭＰＳ）促进小鼠骨髓造血祖细胞形成ＧＭＣＦＵ的量效关系进行了实验研究。结果表明，给予不同剂量的ＭＰＳ使ＧＭＣＦＵ提高的水平在一定剂量范围内（０．６～１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）随剂量增加而升高，剂量大于１．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ时不再继续升高。共进行３批试验，重复性好（Ｐ＞０．０５）。说明ＭＰＳ的升白作用具有一定的量效关系     

人参多糖对粒单系造血祖细胞增殖分化的影响

本文采用造血祖细胞体外培养、造血生长因子生物活性检测、免疫细胞化学等实验血液学技术检测人参多糖(GPS)体外作用对人粒单系造血祖细胞(CFU—GM)增殖分化的影响及GPS刺激制备的胸腺细胞培养上清液(HTCM)、脾细胞培养上清液(HSCM)、骨髓基质细胞条件培养液(HBMSCM)中GM-CSF的生物活性。结果发现：①在有外源性粒单系集落刺激因子(GM—CSF)存在的情况下,GPS能显著促进CFU—GM的增殖与分化。②经GPS体外诱导制备的胸腺细胞、脾细胞、骨髓基质细胞的条件培养液能明显提高人CFU—GM的产率。③经GPS体外刺激后,胸腺细胞、脾细胞、骨髓基质细胞GM-CSF蛋白表达水平较对照组明显提高。结果表明GPS可能通过直接和/或间接途径促进胸腺细胞、脾细胞和造血诱导微环境中的基质细胞合成和分泌GM—CSF或GM-CSF样活性,进而促进CFU-GM的增殖和分化。     

注入Alum—PHA对小鼠guo淋巴结淋巴滤泡形成的影响

向小鼠采用一次及多次注入Ｔ细胞促有丝分裂剂植物血凝素铝吸附物（Ａｌｕｍ－ＰＨＡ）后，应用免疫组化方法观察淋巴小结的形成。实验分１次注入及３次注入组，不同时期取出ｇｕｏ淋巴结后，用免疫组化法、三维重建进行观察。结果：（１）淋巴结中大量次级淋巴小结形成，说明淋巴小结的形成不但与刺激Ｔ细胞有关，而且与活化巨噬细胞有关。（２）１／３量注入组产生的淋巴小结数比全量１次注入组产生的多；但第１２周末不同组别产生     

PHA对CIK细胞增殖和免疫表型影响的研究

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（cytokine induced killers,CIK）是人外周血单个核细胞在IL-1、IL-2、抗CD3单克隆抗体（MAbCD3）和IFN-γ刺激下获得的增殖能力、细胞毒作用强的免疫效应细胞。植物血凝素（phytohemaglutinin,PHA）是T细胞的多克隆活化剂。实验采用PHA先刺激外周血单个核细胞24h．再按CIK细胞的传统培养方法继续培养至15d,观察PHA的加入,对CIK细胞增殖和免疫表型有无影响。     

巨噬细胞对小鼠骨髓肥大细胞增殖的调节作用

本文应用体外细胞共培养和免疫细胞化学技术观察小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对小鼠骨髓来源的肥大细胞生长增殖的影响。结果表明小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对肥大细胞的生长增殖具有一定的促进作用，不仅表现在肥大细胞数量的增加，而且也能促使肥大细胞进入Ｓ期的比例增加（二者数值均为对照值的２－３倍）；还发现上述促增殖作用与巨噬细胞和肥大细胞的浓度有关。文中提出了巨噬细胞促使肥大细胞增殖的最适浓度范围以及两种细胞浓度比值的最佳范围，并     

从小雪豆中提取植物血球凝集素（PHA）的实验

目的尝试从市售豆类种子中提取PHA。方法用0.9%生理盐水浸渍小雪豆粉,浸出液经离心、过滤后,在淋巴细胞染色体培养实验中与伊华公司的PHA进行比较,检验其有丝分裂原效价。结果自行提取的小雪豆PHA对淋巴细胞转化成淋巴母细胞的刺激作用与伊华公司的PHA类似。结论从小雪豆中提取的PHA,能满足一般实验室条件下染色体制备的要求。     

胰岛素、高密度脂蛋白、植物血凝素对淋巴细胞低密度脂蛋白受体活性的影响

采用生物素—亲和素—酶联法测定低密度脂蛋白受体活性，研究了胰岛素、ＨＤＬ３、ＰＨＡ对淋巴细胞ＬＤＬ受体活性的影响，结果表明：胰岛素、ＨＤＬ３、ＰＨＡ能不同程度地影响淋巴细胞ＬＤＬ受体的活性。     

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin test in the diagnosis of cellular immunodeficiency

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) is a nonspecific activator of lymphocytes and is of value in the in vivo and in vitro assessment of cellular immunity. One hundred and four subjects were skin tested with an intradermal injection of 1 μg of PHA. Ninety-one of 94 subjects with no apparent cellular immunodeficiency gave a positive response at 24 hours, including 5 patients with antibody deficiency but normal cellular immunity. There was a correlation between the in vivo and in vitro response to PHA in 22 of 23 normals tested. Four of 10 patients with cellular immunodeficiencies had no response to a 1 μg PHA skin test; in addition, the mean response for this group was significantly reduced when compared to normals. Five of 10 patients in the cellular immunodeficiency group gave positive skin tests in the presence of an abnormal in vitro response. The PHA skin test is a simple and useful screening test for cellular immune function and is of particular value in infants and young children since it does not require prior sensitization.     

甲胎蛋自对H－22腹水肝癌小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响

用抗甲胎蛋白（ａｎｔｉ－ＡＦＰ）的单克隆抗体亲和层析柱从脐带血中提纯ＡＦＰ。通过ＭＴＴ法体外观察人ＡＦＰ对Ｈ－２２腹水肝癌小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响。结果表明，Ｈ－２２小鼠脾淋巴细胞经不同浓度ＡＦＰ（１２．５－１００μｇ／ｍｌ）处理后，对刀豆素Ａ（ＣｏｎＡ）诱导的增殖反应明显减弱，抑制率达３９．８％－６６％，并有一定的浓度依赖关系；而用不同浓度的人血清白蛋白（ＨＳＡ，３．１～１００μｇ／ｍｌ）体外处理，则无明显抑制作用。另外，我们用反证法证实，ＡＦＰ抗体（５５、１１０μｇ／ｍｌ）能明显阻断人ＡＦＰ（５０、１００μｇ／ｍｌ）对Ｈ－２２小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的抑制作用。     

结,直肠癌组织中PNA,PHA及CEA的免疫组化研究

用生物素标记的花生凝集素(PNA)、菜豆凝集素(PHA)及抗CEA抗体对良恶性结、直肠组织作组化染色研究,发现:PNA主要标记结、直肠癌(21/25);PHA主要与正常结、直肠杯状细胞粘液相结合(21/22);而癌旁粘膜的结合情况介于二者之间。上述凝集素能显示细胞糖结合物糖化的紊乱,因而有助于结肠癌的诊断。抗CEA抗体可帮助临床决定哪些病人需定期随访检查血中CEA水平,以便监测复发与转移。     

Teratogenic Effect of Ace Inhibitor (Lisinopril) and Chrysanthemum Indicum(Guldaudi) on Head and Face Region of Mice Fetuses

Lisinopril an ACE inhibitor when administered to pregnant mice was found to be teratogenic. Chrysanthemum indicum extract was also administered to pregnant mice and compared with the teratogenic effect with those produced by lisinopril. Thirteen pregnantfemale mice were administered lisinopril orally in the dose of 2mg/100g and Guldaudi extract 50mg/100g body weight of mice. Lisinopril and Guldaudi were administered to pregnant mice daily from day zero of pregnancy. On day 18 mother mice was sacrificed and pups were collected. These, showed significant stunting in size (p<0.001) in both lisinopril and guldaudi groups. Exencephaly was found in 26.08% in lisinopril group; however hypoplasia of skull was present in Guldaudi group. Resorption (5%) was noticed only in Guldaudi group. The lisinopril in dose of 2mg/100g body weight tried was found to be teratogenic and dose of Guldaudi extract in the dose of 50mg/100g was also found teratogenic with less severity as compared to 2 mg dose of lisinopril. Oligohydramnios and hypoxia following lisinopril and Guldaudi administration was attributed to be the cause of these malformations.     

Clonogenic methods in vitro for the enumeration of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) in human bone marrow and mouse bone marrow and spleen

Summary Protocols and techniques are described for the in vitro enumeration of granulocyte and macrophage progenitors found in human bone marrow and mouse bone marrow and spleen. Study of the colony forming unitgranulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) in human bone marrow is usually first accomplished by density separation of whole bone marrow buffy coats through Ficoll-Paque into low- and high-density fractions. After collection of the low-density fraction (containing most or all of the CFU-GM), cells are washed and suspended, at a known cell concentration, in a mixture of culture medium, fetal bovine serum (or serum-supplements), agar or agarose, with a source of colony stimulating factor(s). Cultures are allowed to solidify and are then placed in a humidified 37°C incubator at 5% CO₂ in lowered (5%) O₂ tension for 7 to 14 d. Colonies (>40 cells/ aggregate) and clusters (3 to 40 cells/ aggregate) are then scored. Murine CFU-GM are cultured and characterized in a similar manner except tissues are separated into a single cell suspension without a density separation, and the culture time is reduced to 5 to 7 d. Colonies and clusters are scored as previously described. Purification of CFU-GM can be performed and these cells cultured as above.     

高效氯氰菊酯暴露对小鼠子宫内膜蜕膜化的影响

目的 探讨高效氯氰菊酯暴露对小鼠子宫内膜蜕膜化的影响。方法 将SPF级断奶昆明雌鼠40只随机分为对照组和实验组,每组20只,以灌胃方式染毒90 d。对照组给予玉米油灌胃;实验组给予10 mg/（kg·bw·d）β-CP+玉米油灌胃。染毒结束后,随机抽取对照组和实验组各10只发情期雌鼠分别与雄鼠合拢,次日清晨见阴栓记为孕1 d（D1）,于D8 d处死小鼠。各组剩余雌鼠与输精管结扎的雄鼠合笼建立假孕模型,于假孕第4天（PD4）小鼠宫角注射玉米油。D8和PD8 d摘取小鼠子宫,观察胚胎着床情况和蜕膜化诱导情况及镜下观察子宫内膜厚度。采用RT-PCR和ELISA法分别检测检测蜕膜化标志分子dtPRP和BMP2的表达。结果 β-CP暴露降低了小鼠蜕膜化诱导成功率,降低了子宫内膜厚度及dtPRP和BMP2的表达（P＜0.05）。与对照组的人工诱导蜕膜化成功率（100.00%）相比,实验组小鼠的人工诱导蜕膜化成功率（30%）下降,差异有统计学意义（?字2=10.77,P＜0.05）。结论 β-CP暴露通过抑制dtPRP和BMP2的表达影响小鼠子宫内膜的蜕膜化,降低了子宫内膜厚度,影响了胚胎着床。