肝癌的影像学评价:1.5T MRI与常规CT、US比较

目的：探讨三种非创伤性影像检查方法ＭＲＩ、ＣＴ和ＵＳ在肝癌诊断中的敏感性和准确性。方法：５２例经病理及临床证实的ＨＣＣ行ＭＲＩ,ＣＴ和ＵＳ检查。结果：ＭＲＩ常规序列与ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ相比,敏感性以ＳＥＴ２Ｗ及ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ序列为高。对ＨＣＣ检出总的敏感性依次为ＭＲＩ（ＳＥ＋ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ）８５．８９％,ＣＴ７５．６４％,ＵＳ７１．７９％,＜３ｃｍＨＣＣ,ＭＲＩ检出的敏感性为７１．４２％明显高于ＣＴ（５１．４２％）和ＵＳ（４５．７１％）,对于＞３ｃｍＨＣＣ,三者敏感性相似。ＨＣＣ定性准确性依次为动态增强ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ（９２．０６％）,常规ＳＥ序列（８５．９３％）,ＣＴ（８４．７４％）,ＵＳ（７５．００％）,ＳＥ序列结合动态增强ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ对肝癌定性准确性可达９５％,明显优于ＣＴ和ＵＳ。结论：在ＨＣＣ的检出敏感性和定性诊断上,１．５ＴＭＲＩＳＥ序列结合动态增强ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ明显优于常规ＣＴ和ＵＳ,为肝癌重要的影像学检查手段。     

快速序列动态增强MRI对前列腺癌的诊断价值

目的 研究快速成像序列动态增强对前列腺癌的检出和定性价值。方法 对经活检证实的２５例,临床证实的６例,共３１例前列腺癌患者作了前瞻性增强ＭＲＩ研究。先行ＳＥＴ１ＷＩ、快速自旋回波（ＦＳＥ）Ｔ２Ｗ序列扫描,然后行快速多怪面干扰梯度回波（ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ）序列团注增强扫描,共４个回合,研究病灶增强情况,并对增强后图像与常规ＦＳＥＴ２ＷＩ进行比较。结果 ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ增强后扫描,共发现病灶２９个,可疑病灶     

MR T_1WI抑脂及MR胰胆管造影术用于梗阻性黄疸的诊断

目的：探讨Ｔ１ＷＩ抑脂技术（ＦＴ１ＷＩ）和ＭＲ胰胆管造影术（ＭＲＣＰ）对梗阻性黄疸的诊断价值。方法：回顾４７例不同病因所致梗阻性黄疸的ＭＲＩ征象。应用ＧＥＳｉｇｎａ１．５Ｔ超导ＭＲ机,除常规的Ｔ１ＷＩ、Ｔ２ＷＩ序列外,还采用ＦＴ１ＷＩ和ＦＭＰＳＰＧＲ造影增强及ＭＲＣＰ技术。结果：恶性病变均可见大小不等的肿块,ＦＴ１ＷＩ序列对肿块的显示最清楚,为明显的低信号。良性病变均无肿块。ＭＲＣＰ可以明确梗阻的部位及阻塞端的形态。结论：根据ＭＲＣＰ所示胆道梗阻的部位和形态,结合轴位各序列,尤其是ＦＴ１ＷＩ显示的病灶特点,能更加准确地诊断梗阻性黄疸的病因。     

A Comparison in Healing of Skull Defect Repaired with Four Different Kinds of Graft Materials in Rabbits

ＡＣＯＭＰＡＲＩＳＯＮＩＮＨＥＡＬＩＮＧＯＦＳＫＵＬＬＤＥＦＥＣＴＲＥＰＡＩＲＥＤＷＩＴＨＦＯＵＲＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＴＫＩＮＤＳＯＦＧＲＡＦＴＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＳＩＮＲＡＢ┐ＢＩＴＳＤＩＮＧＺｈｅｎ－ｑｉ（丁真奇）１，ＴＡＮＦｕ－ｓｈｅｎｇ（谭富生）２，...     

3D-SPGR序列在脑肿瘤MRI中的应用

脑肿瘤是磁共振成像中较常见的肿瘤 ,当前应用于脑肿瘤的ＭＲ技术主要是二维的ＳＥ序列 ,笔者通过对 41例患者行 3Ｄ-ＳＰＧＲ序列扫描 ,试图评价该序列在脑肿瘤ＭＲＩ的应用价值。1　材料和方法41例患者均进行常规ＳＥ(ＣＳＥ)序列的平扫和增强扫描 ,同时辅之以 3Ｄ -ＳＰＧＲ序列的平扫和增强扫描。所有病例均经手术和病理证实。其中脑膜瘤 2 1例 ,脑胶质瘤 11例 ,鞍区肿瘤5例 ,松果体肿瘤 1例 ,脑转移瘤 3例。增强扫描用磁显葡胺(Ｇｄ -ＤＴＰＡ)作造影剂 ,按 0 .2ｍｌ/ｋｇ体重快速静脉注射 ,注药后以肿瘤为中心进行扫描。成像设备用美…     

乳腺增强MRI

文内综述了乳腺Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ增强ＭＲＩ的现状。重点介绍了自旋回波（ＳＥ）及梯度回波（ＦＬＡＳＨ、ＦＩＳＰ）序列正常及乳腺病变的增强ＭＲＩ表现和脂肪抑制技术在乳腺良恶性病变鉴别、术后乳腺及硅胶假体乳腺的评价等方面的实用价值。特别强调动态ＭＲ检查乳癌、腺瘤及小叶增生等的时间－强化曲线特征。     

颅内原发性肿瘤动态增强MRI探讨

目的：探讨动态增强ＭＲＩ对颅内原发性肿瘤的诊断价值。材料与方法：使用１．０ＭＲＩ系统（Ｍａｇｎｅｔｏｍ Ｉｍｐａｃｔ,Ｓｉｅｍｅｎｓ）ＳＥ序列对７２例颅内原发性肿瘤进行动态增强扫描,分析各种肿瘤的对比增强率－时间（ＣＥＲ－Ｔ）曲线类型、 增强峰值（ＥＰ）及最大对比增强率（ＭＣＥＲ）。结果：ＥＰ在９０秒内见于３例血管瘤型脑膜瘤、１例血管母细胞瘤及１例脉络膜乳头状瘤;２６例星形细胞瘤仅４例Ⅲ、Ⅳ级的Ｅ     

颅内胆脂瘤高场强MRI分析

颅内胆脂瘤高场强ＭＲＩ在颅内胆脂瘤检查中扫描序列的选择,压脂技术（ＦＳ）和３ＤＳＰＧＲ技术的应用,进一步认识颅内胆脂瘤的信号特征。方法收集８例临床资料完整,手术,病理证实的颅内胆脂瘤病例,常规采用自旋回波序列,部分和反转恢复脂肪抑制技术,常规增强,应用３ＤＳＰＧＲ技术,Ｓａｇ、Ｃｏｒ、Ａｘｌ重建成像,结果肿瘤部分以桥小脑角区（ｃｐａ）最多（５例）,中、后颅窝共３例,形态呈不规则形（５例）,类圆形（     

三叉神经痛神经血管压迫的MRI研究

目的探索三能（ＴＮ）神经血管压迫（ＮＶＣ）的最佳扫描序列和扫描方法。试图发现正常人和人之间神经血管在接触上的差异。评价ＭＲＩ对ＴＮ的诊断价值。方法 对２具福尔马林罪恶的头颅,按照ＭＲＩ扫描平面切层,观察三叉神经的走行及与邻近血管的关系。且２０例,原发性ＴＮ１５例,使用ＳＥＴ１Ｗ少三维时间飞跃破坏性稳态梯度回聚回波（３Ｄ－ＴＤＦ－ＳＰＧＲ）序列。１１例病人做了增强扫描。盲法观察３个平面血管神经关系。     

EFFECTS OF NIMODIPINE ON CALCIUM CURRENTS IN CORTICAL NEURONS AFTER IMPACTING BRAIN INJURY

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＮＩＭＯＤＩＰＩＮＥＯＮＣＡＬＣＩＵＭＣＵＲＲＥＮＴＳＩＮＣＯＲＴＩＣＡＬＮＥＵＲＯＮＳＡＦＴＥＲＩＭＰＡＣＴＩＮＧＢＲＡＩＮＩＮＪＵＲＹＮＩＮＧＫｅ（宁可），ＷＡＮＧＺｈｅｎｇ－ｇｕｏ（王正国），ＣＨＥＮＣｈａｎｇ－ｃａｉ（陈长才...     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.