正确应用护理模式和护理理论指导护理实践(2)

4理解西方护理模式/理论过程中存在的难点护理学科常用的模式/理论大多来自于西方社会,在进行护理理论的教学中发现,无论是阅读原文还是翻译为中文的理论,往往会感到文字上生涩,某些概念比较生僻,对照原版文字还会发现翻译上的不一致性,这些都成为我国护理人员理解西方护理理论的障碍。现举几个实例:①Roy在其适应模式中认为相关刺激(contextual stimuli)和固有刺激(residual stim-uli)是两类性质不同的刺激,必须在二级评估时加以区分。而这两类刺激的区分往往是理解该理论的难点之一,更容易理解与更容易应用的方式是根据刺激的来源评估患…     

正确应用护理模式和护理理论指导护理实践(1)

护理学是一门应用性和实践性的学科，护理学作为一门发展中的专业，在实践中已经形成了一系列独特的知识体系，包括一系列的模式和理论。尽管尚在不断完善的过程中，但这些模式和理论对护理实践起到了重要的促进作用。然而正如众多其它学科一样，如何缩短理论与实践之间的距离，一直是各学科努力探索的问题，尤其是绝大部分现有的护理模式和理论均来源于西方社会，[第一段]     

塑造护理高效执行力在护理管理中的应用

目的加强护理队伍建设,塑造高效护理执行力,提高护理质量。方法通过制订执行目标,转变执行观念,完善岗位责任制度,建立高效执行体系,加强护理队伍建设,培养优秀执行团队,强化绩效考核管理,形成合理激励机制,建立沟通渠道,塑造良好执行文化等有力措施,不断塑造护理高效执行力。结果推行高效执行方式后(2009年)护理工作质量较推行高效执行方式前(2008年)有了较为明显的提高,经统计学分析,均P0.05,差异具有统计学意义。推行高效执行方式后(2009年)病房管理和五常法管理的护理不良条数较推行高效执行方式前(2008年)有了明显的降低,经统计学分析,均P0.05,差异具有统计学意义。推行高效执行方式后大专以上护理人员由2008年的51.3%提高至2009年的65.6%,护理人员的综合素质得到了较大提升。结论护理高效执行力对保证护理管理有效性具有积极的作用。     

A nursing theory for nursing leadership

For many years nursing practice has found its foundations in nursing theory. A review of theorists such as D. E. Orem, C. Roy, B. Neumen, V. Henderson, M. E. Rogers and others reveals a focus on the management of patient care, not leadership. This has provided most nurses with a solid foundation in 'management', but little in terms of 'leadership.' In more recent years, theories such as the Deming Management Method, Managers as Developer Model, Shared Governance and Transactional Leadership have been introduced, none of which are nursing theories. This article discusses the conceptualized differences between management and leadership theory arguing that there is a difference between 'leadership and management'. A leadership theory is proposed utilizing Ida J. Orlando's model for nursing. This theory provides a nursing foundation for nursing leaders to utilize both in the management of patient care and in leadership.     

Transcultural nursing in Australian nursing curricula

As a result of the fact that Australia is a multicultural society with many people who come from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB), the objective of the present study was to discuss the extent to which transcultural nursing education is incorporated into undergraduate nursing curricula. A survey was undertaken to determine the availability of nursing modules for undergraduate nursing students through Australian university websites on "transcultural nursing" or related modules. Although the inclusion of these modules into nursing education provide an opportunity for nurses to perceive and respond to different patient behaviors in multicultural societies, it is not sufficient to understand the complexity of the health care needs of a multicultural society. The survey findings suggest that many universities have not included transcultural nursing modules in their nursing curricula. To address this problem, more transcultural nursing modules need to be introduced into nursing curricula and nursing academics need to refine their attitudes about the importance of cultural aspects of patient care within nursing education.     

Taiwan nursing accreditation for nursing education

On 1st January 2003, with the support and assistance of Professor Kun-Yan Huang, the Ministry of Education assembled its University Nursing Departments Evaluation Planning Group. Professor Yu-Mei Yu Chao led the group in over a year of hard work and planned an accreditation of systematic evaluation of university nursing departments. The hope is to accumulate experience through this accreditation to promote nursing undergraduate programs evaluation to the Ministry of Education's technical and vocational training system. This article illustrates the 12 core disciplines that the evaluation system stresses as embodying the spirit and aims of nursing. Once the spirit and aims of education have been dealt with, the evaluation turns to the six important matters of conduct of departmental affairs, faculty, students, curriculum and teaching, teaching resources and educational outcomes. The system is expected to raise the quality of nursing education, help in the monitoring of the citizens' health care, and raise the success and satisfaction levels of students.