共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
目的探讨巨噬细胞中1-磷酸鞘胺醇受体(sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor,S1PR)的表达及其作用,观察干预S1PR3(S1P3)对脂多糖诱导的心肌损伤的影响。方法传代培养小鼠Ana-1巨噬细胞,给予脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS,100 ng/ml)刺激或S1P3特异性抑制剂CAY-10444(10μmol/L)干预,细胞随机分为对照组、LPS组、CAY-10444组、CAY-10444预处理2h+LPS组,Transwell小室观测巨噬细胞迁移,蛋白免疫印迹检测巨噬细胞S1PR的表达,并检测p-Akt/Akt蛋白水平。在体实验,6~8周龄雄性C57/B6小鼠,随机分为对照组、LPS组、CAY-10444组、CAY-10444干预+LPS组,每组12只,LPS(10 mg/kg)腹腔注射,或CAY-10444 1 mg/kg于LPS诱导后30 min腹腔注射干预,24 h后取心脏组织HE染色观察病理改变,免疫组化染色观察巨噬细胞浸润程度以及炎症因子的表达情况,实时荧光定量PCR检测心肌损伤标记分子BNP、巨噬细胞表面分子F4/80、炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的mRNA水平。结果与对照组比较,LPS诱导巨噬细胞大量迁移S1P3蛋白表达增加(P0.01),p-Akt Ser473/Akt表达上调(P0.01);与LPS组相比,S1P3抑制剂CAY-10444干预后再给予LPS刺激,巨噬细胞迁移被抑制(P0.01),p-Akt Ser473/Akt表达也降低(P0.01);在体实验,LPS诱导小鼠后BNP mRNA水平明显上调(P0.01),同时F4/80以及炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的mRNA水平上调(P0.01),HE染色可见心肌损伤及炎细胞浸润,免疫组化染色法显示F4/80及炎症因子的大量阳性表达(P0.01);使用S1P3抑制剂后,与LPS组比较,心肌损伤减轻免疫组化中巨噬细胞减少(P0.01),炎症因子表达降低(P0.01),BNP mRNA水平降低(P0.01),F4/80以及TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的mRNA水平也明显降低(P0.01)。结论抑制巨噬细胞S1P3表达可抑制巨噬细胞的迁移并提示p-Akt/Akt与了这一过程,此外,S1P3抑制剂的干预可有效减轻LPS诱导的心肌损伤。 相似文献
2.
目的探讨老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)并发急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血清γ谷氨酰胺转肽酶(GGT)水平与经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗术后冠脉慢血流-无复流的相关性及其对预后的影响。方法选取188例诊断为ACS并行急诊PCI的老年T2DM患者,根据TIMI血流分级和校正的TIMI血流帧计数(c TFC)方法评价冠脉血流分为正常血流组(156例)和慢血流-无复流组(32例),分析GGT及其他危险因素与冠脉慢血流-无复流的相关性和主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的发生率。结果慢血流-无复流组的血清GGT水平高于正常血流组[(49±18)U/L vs.(31±13)U/L,P0.01]。相关分析结果显示,血清GGT与冠脉慢血流-无复流呈正相关(r=0.389,P0.01)。血清GGT与PCI术后冠脉慢血流-无复流、住院期间及术后12个月MACE独立相关(分别OR=1.093,95%CI:1.058~1.129,P0.01;OR=1.047,95%CI:1.012~1.082,P0.05及OR=1.058,95%CI:1.028~1.089,P0.01)。结论老年T2DM并发ACS患者血清GGT水平与冠脉慢血流-无复流相关,血清GGT可能是预测冠脉风险的评价指标。 相似文献
3.
Hepatitis B virus(HBV)genotypes have distinct genetic and geographic diversity and may be associated with specific clinical characteristics,progression,severity of disease and antiviral response.Herein,we provide an updated overview of the endemicity of HBV genotypes H and G in Mexico.HBV genotype H is predominant among the Mexican population,but not in Central America.Its geographic distribution is related to a typical endemicity among the Mexicans which is characterized by a low hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence,apparently due to a rapid resolution of the infection,low viral loads and a high prevalence of occult B infection.During chronic infections,genotype H is detected in mixtures with other HBV genotypes and associated with other co-morbidities,such as obesity,alcoholism and co-infection with hepatitis C virus or human immunodeficiency virus.Hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence is low.Thus,antiviral therapy may differ significantly from the standard guidelines established worldwide.The high prevalence of HBV genotype G in the Americas,especially among the Mexican population,raises new questions regarding its geographic origin that will require further investigation. 相似文献
4.
Viktor Limanskiy Arpita Vyas Lakshmi Shankar Chaturvedi Dinesh Vyas 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2019,25(18):2177-2187
The molecular scalpel of clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9(CRISPR/Cas9) technology may be sharp enough to begin cutting the genes implicated in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and consequently decrease the 6.3 billion dollar annual financial healthcare burden in the treatment of IBD. For the past few years CRISPR technology has drastically revolutionized DNA engineering and biomedical research field. We are beginning to see its application in gene manipulation of sickle cell disease,human immunodeficiency virus resistant embryologic twin gene modification and IBD genes such as Gatm(Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial),nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2, KRT12 and other genes implicated in adaptive immune convergence pathways have been subjected to gene editing, however there are very few publications. Furthermore,since Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have shared disease susceptibility and share genetic gene profile, it is paramount and is more advantageous to use CRISPR technology to maximize impact. Although, currently CRISPR does have its limitations due to limited number of specific Cas enzymes, off-target activity,protospacer adjacent motifs and crossfire between different target sites. However,these limitations have given researchers further insight on how to augment and manipulate enzymes to enable precise gene excision and limit crossfire between target sites. 相似文献
5.
Intra-abdominal hypertension(IAH)and abdominal compartment syndrome are well recognized entities among surgical patients.Nevertheless,a number of prospective and retrospective observational studies have shown that IAH is prevalent in about half of the critically ill patients in the medical intensive care units(ICU)and has been widely recognized as an independent risk factor for mortality.It is alarming to note that many members of the critical care team in medical ICU are not aware of the consequences of untreated IAH and the delay in making the diagnosis leads to increased morbidity and mortality.Frequently it is underdiagnosed and undertreated in this patient population.Elevated intraabdominal pressure decreases the blood flow to the kidneys and other abdominal viscera and also results in reduced cardiac output and difficulties in ventilating the patient because of increased intrathoracic pressure.When intraabdominal hypertension is not promptly recognized and treated,it leads to abdominal compartment syndrome,multiorgan dysfunction syndrome and death.Large volume fluid resuscitation is very common in medical ICU patients presenting with sepsis,shock and other inflammatory conditions like pancreatitis and it is one of the major risk factors for the development of intra-abdominal hypertension.This article presents an overview of the epidemiology,definitions,risk factors,pathophysiology and management of IAH and abdominal compartment syndrome in critically ill medical ICU patients. 相似文献
6.
Chonlada Krutsri Mitsuhiro Kida Hiroshi Yamauchi Tomohisa Iwai Hiroshi Imaizumi Wasaburo Koizumi 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2019,25(26):3313-3333
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)in patients with surgically altered anatomy must be performed by a highly experienced endoscopist.The challenges are accessing the afferent limb in different types of reconstruction,cannulating a papilla with a reverse orientation,and performing therapeutic interventions with uncommon endoscopic accessories.The development of endoscopic techniques has led to higher success rates in this group of patients.Device-assisted ERCP is the endoscopic procedure of choice for high success rates in short-limb reconstruction;however,these success rate is lower in long-limb reconstruction.ERCP assisted by endoscopic ultrasonography is now popular because it can be performed independent of the limb length;however,it must be performed by a highly experienced and skilled endoscopist.Stent deployment and small stone removal can be performed immediately after ERCP assisted by endoscopic ultrasonography,but the second session is needed for other difficult procedures such as cholangioscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy.Laparoscopic-assisted ERCP has an almost 100%success rate in longlimb reconstruction because of the use of a conventional side-view duodenoscope,which is compatible with standard accessories.This requires cooperation between the surgeon and endoscopist and is suitable in urgent situations requiring concomitant cholecystectomy.This review focuses on the advantages,disadvantages,and outcomes of various procedures that are suitable in different situations and reconstruction types.Emerging new techniques and their outcomes are also discussed. 相似文献
7.
Zi-Zhen Zhang Yuan Jie Charles Liu Xiao-Lu Yin Ping Zhan Yi Gu Xing-Zhi Ni 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2013,19(12):1968-1974
AIM: To investigate the expression deficiency of key molecular markers in the homologous recombination pathway. METHODS: Expression loss of breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), ATM-Rad3-related (ATR), mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 (MDC1) and meiotic recombination 11 (Mre11) were correlated with their clinicopathological parameters in gastric cancer (GC). One hundred and twenty treatment-naive GC samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded into tissue blocks. Two representative cores from each block were extracted and constructed into tissue microarrays. Expression levels of BRCA1, ATM, ATR, MDC1 and Mre11 were determined using immunohistochemical analysis, and correlated with clinical parameters, including age, gender, Lauren subtype, tumor grades, clinical stage and overall survival.RESULTS: Expression loss of BRCA1, ATM, ATR, MDC1, and Mre11 was found in 21.4%, 20.2%, 21.0%, 11.1% and 4.6%, respectively, of interpretable cases. BRCA1 loss was significantly associated with patients of diffused subtype (intestinal vs diffused, 8.2% vs 31.7%, P = 0.001), higher tumor grade (Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅲ, 10.7% vs 20.5;Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅳ, 10.7% vs 54.5%, P = 0.047) and advanced clinical stage (Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅲ, 12.9% vs 16.9%;Ⅰ /Ⅱ vs Ⅳ, 12.9% vs 45.5%, P = 0.006). MDC1 loss was significantly associated with patients of diffused subtype (intestinal vs diffused, 0% vs 19.7%, P = 0.001) and higher tumor grade (Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅲ, 0% vs 12%;Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅳ, 0% vs 30.8%, P = 0.012). In addition, the survival time of the patients with expression loss of BRCA1 was significantly shorter than those with positive expression of BRCA1 (2-year survival rate, 32.4% vs 62.8%, P = 0.015). No correlations were found between clinicopathological parameters and expression loss of ATM, ATR and Mre11. CONCLUSION: Our results support the hypothesis that homologous recombination deficiency plays an important role in the progression of gastric carcinoma. Loss of expression of BRCA1 and 相似文献
8.
Osman Oguz Ahsen Kaicheng Liang Hsiang-Chieh Lee Zhao Wang James G Fujimoto Hiroshi Mashimo 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2019,25(16):1997-2009
BACKGROUND Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) occurs as a result of pelvic radiation therapy and is associated with formation of abnormal vasculature that may lead to persistent rectal bleeding. While incidence is declining due to refinement of radiation delivery techniques, CRP remains one of the major complications of pelvic radiation therapy and significantly affects patient quality of life.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) is an emerging treatment modality for eradicating abnormal vasculature associated with CRP. However, questions remain regarding CRP pathophysiology and optimal disease management.AIM To study feasibility of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) for investigating subsurface vascular alterations in CRP and response to RFA treatment.METHODS Two patients with normal rectum and 8 patients referred for, or undergoing endoscopic RFA treatment for CRP were imaged with a prototype ultrahighspeed optical coherence tomography(OCT) system over 15 OCT/colonoscopy visits(2 normal patients, 5 RFA-na?ve patients, 8 RFA-follow-up visits). OCT and OCTA was performed by placing the OCT catheter onto the dentate line and rectum without endoscopic guidance. OCTA enabled depth-resolved microvasculature imaging using motion contrast from flowing blood, withoutrequiring injected dyes. OCTA features of normal and abnormal microvasculature were assessed in the mucosa and submucosa. Blinded reading of OCTA images was performed to assess the association of abnormal rectal microvasculature with CRP and RFA treatment, and rectal telangiectasia density endoscopic scoring.RESULTS OCTA/OCT images are intrinsically co-registered and enabled depth-resolved visualization of microvasculature in the mucosa and submucosa. OCTA visualized normal vascular patterns with regular honeycomb patterns vs abnormal vasculature with distorted honeycomb patterns and ectatic/tortuous microvasculature in the rectal mucosa. Normal arterioles and venules < 200 μm in diameter versus abnormal heterogenous enlarged arterioles and venules > 200μm in diameter were visualized in the rectal submucosa. Abnormal mucosal vasculature occurred in 0 of 2 normal patients and 3 of 5 RFA-na?ve patients,while abnormal submucosal vasculature occurred more often, in 1 of 2 normal patients and 5 of 5 RFA-na?ve patients. After RFA treatment, vascular abnormalities decreased, with abnormal mucosal vasculature observed in 0 of 8 RFA-follow-up visits and abnormal submucosal vasculature observed in only and 2 of 8 RFA-follow-up visits.CONCLUSION OCTA visualizes depth-resolved microvascular abnormalities in CRP, allowing assessment of superficial features which are endoscopically visible as well as deeper vasculature which cannot be seen endoscopically. OCTA/OCT of the rectum can be performed in conjunction with, or independently from endoscopy.Further studies are warranted to investigate if OCTA/OCT can elucidate pathophysiology of CRP or improve management. 相似文献
9.
Mathes AM 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2010,16(48):6087-6097
Melatonin,the hormone of darkness and messenger of the photoperiod,is also well known to exhibit strong direct and indirect antioxidant properties. Melatonin has previously been demonstrated to be a powerful organ protective substance in numerous models of injury; these beneficial effects have been attributed to the hormone’s intense radical scavenging capacity. The present report reviews the hepatoprotective potential of the pineal hormone in various models of oxidative stress in vivo,and summarizes the extensive literature showing that melatonin may be a suitable experimental substance to reduce liver damage after sepsis,hemorrhagic shock,ischemia/reperfusion,and in numerous models of toxic liver injury. Melatonin’s influence on hepatic antioxidant enzymes and other potentially relevant pathways,such as nitric oxide signaling,hepatic cytokine and heat shock protein expression,are evaluated. Based on recent literature demonstrating the functional relevance of melatonin receptor activation for hepatic organ protection,this article finally suggests that melatonin receptors could mediate the hepatoprotective actions of melatonin therapy. 相似文献
10.
Feng Chen Frederik De Keyzer Yuan-Bo Feng Marlein Miranda Cona Jie Yu Guy Marchal Raymond Oyen Yi-Cheng Ni 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2013,19(47):9092-9103
AIM:To explore whether the antitumor effect of a vascular disrupting agent(VDA)would be enhanced by combining with an antiangiogenic agent,and whether such synergistic effects can be effectively evaluated with separate calculation of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging(DW-MRI).METHODS:Thirty-seven rats with implanted liver tumors were randomized into the following three groups:(1)ZD6126,a kind of VDA;(2)ZDTHA,ZD6126 in combination with an antiangiogenic,thalidomide;and(3)control.Morphological DW-MRI were performed and quantified before,4 h and 2 d after treatment.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values were calculated separately for low b values(ADC low),high b values(ADC high)and all b values(ADC all).The tissue perfusion contribution,ADC perf,was calculated as ADC low-ADC high.Imaging findings were finally verified by histopathology.RESULTS:The combination therapy with ZDTHA significantly delayed tumor growth due to synergistic effects by inducing cumulative tumor necrosis.In addition to delaying tumor growth,ZDTHA caused tumor necrosis in an additive manner,which was verified by HE staining.Although both ADC high and ADC all in the ZD6126and ZDTHA groups were significantly higher compared to those in the control group on day 2,the entire tumor ADC high of ZDTHA was even higher than that of ZD6126,but the significant difference was not observed for ADCall between ZDTHA and ZD6126.This indicated that the perfusion insensitive ADC high values calculated from high b value images performed significantly better than ADC all for the monitoring of tumor necrosis on day 2.The perfusion sensitive ADC perf derived from ADC low by excluding high b value effects could better reflect the reduction of blood flow due to the vessel shutdown induced by ZD6126,compared to the ADC low at 4 h.The ADC perf could provide valuable perfusion information from DW-MRI data.CONCLUSION:The separate calculation of ADC is more useful than conventional averaged ADC in evaluating the efficacy of combination therapy with ZD6126 相似文献
11.
Yu Yin Li-Yu Cao Wen-Qing Wu Hao Li Yan Jiang Hong-Fu Zhang 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2010,16(9):1086-1092
AIM:To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors Fmslike tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT-1) and fetal liver kinase 1 (FLK-1) in colorectal carcinoma (CRC),and the blocking effects of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) on VEGF expression in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells.METHODS:Immunohistochemical staining for VEGF,FLT-1 and FLK-1 proteins was performed in 82 cases of CRC and 14 normal colorectal mucosae.A siRNA targeting VEGF was synthesized and transfected into HCT116 cells using lipofectamine 2000.Immunocytochemical staining and Western blotting analyses were performed to detect the expression of VEGF protein.The suppressive effect of the siRNA on cell proliferation was detected using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltertrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Cellular apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry (FCM).RESULTS:The expression of VEGF,FLT-1 and FLK-1 in tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (P=0.008,P=0.000,P=0.000).The expression of VEGF was positively correlated with both lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P=0.009 and P=0.025,respectively).Immunocytochemistry showed that the expression of VEGF was weakly positive and Western blotting indicated a significant reduction in VEGF-siRNA cell protein levels.VEGF-siRNA cell growth inhibition was assessed by the MTT assay,and the tumor cell proliferation rate was significantly different at 24,48,and 72 h after transfection.FCM results showed that the VEGF-siRNA group had an apparent aneuploid peak.CONCLUSION:VEGF,FLT-1 and FLK-1 are associated with colorectal carcinogenesis.siRNA silencing of the VEGF gene suppresses proliferation,and induces apoptosis in HCT116 cells.The results suggest that VEGF may be a new gene therapy target for colorectal cancer. 相似文献
12.
Matthias Ocker 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2020,26(3):279-290
Metabolic disorders are increasingly leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,subsequent steatohepatitis,cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Fibroblast growth factors and their receptors play an important role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis also in the liver and disorders in signaling have been identified to contribute to those pathophysiologic conditions leading to hepatic lipid accumulation and chronic inflammation.While specific and well tolerated inhibitors of fibroblast growth factor receptor activity are currently developed for(non-liver)cancer therapy,treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is still limited.Fibroblast growth factor-mimicking or restoring approaches have recently evolved as a novel therapeutic option and the impact of such interactions with the fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling network during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis development is reviewed here. 相似文献
13.
Yan-Lin Tao Yu-Fan Tang Jian-Ping Qiu Xiao-Feng Cai Xiao-Ting Shen Ya-Xin Wang Xue-Tao Zhao 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2013,19(32):5320-5325
AIM:To characterize the prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection among Chinese intravenous drug users(IDUs).METHODS:A total of 432 adult IDUs(95 women and337 men)in Shanghai were included in the study.The third-generation Elecsys Anti-HCV assay(Roche Diagnostics GmbH,Sandhofer Strasse 116,D-68305,Mannheim,Germany)was used to screen for antibodies against HCV.The RIBA strip,a supplemental antiHCV test with high specificity,was performed on all of the samples that tested positive during the initial screening.All of the anti-HCV positive samples were analyzed with a Cobas TaqMan 48 Analyzer(Roche Diagnostics)for direct detection of HCV RNA.All of the HCV RNA-positive samples were sequenced for genotype determination.RESULTS:The preliminary screening identified 262(60.6%)subjects who were seropositive for HCV.Of the 62 females and 200 males seropositive subjects,16(16.7%)and 65(19.3%),respectively,were confirmed by RIBA,yielding an overall HCV seropositive rate of18.8%.Four female(6.5%)and 14 male(7.0%)subjects tested positive for HCV RNA,indicating an active infection rate of 4.2%for the entire study population.The 18 HCV RNA-positive serum samples were genotyped.Seven individuals were genotype 1b,and four were genotype 1a.One individual each was infected with genotypes 2a,2b and 3a.Four subjects were coinfected with multiple strains:two with genotypes 1a and 2a,and two with genotypes 1b and 2a.The active infection rate among HCV-seropositive individuals was22.2%,which was significantly lower than most estimates.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of HCV is relatively low among IDUs in Shanghai,with a spontaneous recovery rate much higher than previous estimates. 相似文献
14.
Hana Park Jun Yong Park Do Young Kim Sang Hoon Ahn Chae Yoon Chon Kwang-Hyub Han Seung Up Kim 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2013,19(2):219-226
AIM:To investigate the diagnostic performance of acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI) elastography for characterizing focal liver mass by quantifying their stiffness.METHODS:This prospective study included 62 patients with a focal liver mass that was well visualized on conventional ultrasonography performed in our institution from February 2011 to November 2011.Among them,12 patients were excluded for ARFI measurement failure due to a lesion that was smaller than the region of the interest and at an inaccessible location(deeper than 8 cm)(n = 7) or poor compliance to hold their breath as required(n = 5).Finally,50 patients with valid ARFI measurements were enrolled.If a patient had multiple liver masses,only one mass of interest was chosen.The masses were diagnosed by histological examination or clinical diagnostic criteria.During ultrasonographic evaluation,stiffness,expressed as velocity,was checked 10 times per focal liver mass and the surrounding liver parenchyma.RESULTS:After further excluding three masses that were non-diagnostic on biopsy,a total of 47 focal mass lesions were tested,including 39(83.0%) malignant masses [24 hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC),seven cholangiocellular carcinomas(CCC),and eight liver metastases] and eight(17.0%) benign masses(five hemangiomas and three focal nodular hyperplasias,FNH).Thirty-seven(74.0%) masses were confirmed by histological examination.The mean velocity was 2.48 m/s in HCCs,1.65 m/s in CCCs,2.35 m/s in metastases,1.83 m/s in hemangiomas,and 0.97 m/s in FNHs.Although considerable overlap was still noted between malignant and benign masses,significant differences in ARFI values were observed between malignant and benign masses(mean 2.31 m/s vs 1.51 m/s,P = 0.047),as well as between HCCs and benign masses(mean 2.48 m/s vs 1.51 m/s,P = 0.006).The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves(AUROC) for discriminating the malignant masses from benign masses was 0.724(95%CI,0.566-0.883,P = 0.048),and the AUROC for discriminating HCCs from benign masses was 相似文献
15.
Xianyong Gui Shuhong Liu Yuchu Yan Zuhua Gao 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2013,19(28):4504-4510
AIM: To explore the association of neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colitis-associated neoplasia. METHODS: NTSR1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in clinical samples of colonic mucosa with IBD colitis, colitis-associated raised low-grade dysplasia (LGD) including dysplasia-associated lesions or masses (DALMs, n = 18) and adenoma-like dysplastic polyps (ALDPs, n = 4), colitis-associated high-grade dysplasia (HGD, n = 11) and colitis-associated colorectal carcinoma (CACRC, n = 13), sporadic colorectal adenomatous polyp (SAP, n = 17), and sporadic colorectal carcinoma (SCRC, n = 12). The immunoreactivity of NTSR1 was semiquantitated (as negative, 1+, 2+, and 3+) and compared among different conditions.RESULTS: NTSR1 was not detected in normal mucosa but was expressed similarly in both active and inactive colitis. LGD showed a significantly stronger expression as compared with non-dysplastic colitic mucosa, with significantly more cases showing > 2+ intensity (68.75% in LGD vs 32.26% in nondysplastic mucosa, P = 0.001). However, no significant difference existed between DALMs and ALDPs. CACRC and HGD showed a further stronger expression, with significantly more cases showing 3+ intensity than that in LGD (61.54% vs 12.50% for CACRC vs LGD, P = 0.022; 58.33% vs 12.50% for CACRC/HGD vs LGD, P = 0.015). No significant difference existed between colitis-associated and non-colitic sporadic neoplasia. CONCLUSION: NTSR1 in colonic epithelial cells is overexpressed in IBD, in a stepwise fashion with sequential progress from inflammation to dysplasia and carcinoma. 相似文献
16.
Eiji Sakai Ken Ohata Atsushi Nakajima Nobuyuki Matsuhashi 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2019,25(22):2720-2733
Small bowel vascular lesions, including angioectasia (AE), Dieulafoy’s lesion (DL) and arteriovenous malformation (AVM), are the most common causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Since AE are considered to be venous lesions, they usually manifest as a chronic, well-compensated condition. Subsequent to video capsule endoscopy, deep enteroscopy can be applied to control active bleeding or to improve anemia necessitating blood transfusion. Despite the initial treatment efficacy of argon plasma coagulation (APC), many patients experience re-bleeding, probably because of recurrent or missed AEs. Pharmacological treatments can be considered for patients who have not responded well to other types of treatment or in whom endoscopy is contraindicated. Meanwhile, a conservative approach with iron supplementation remains an option for patients with mild anemia. DL and AVM are considered to be arterial lesions;therefore, these lesions frequently cause acute life-threatening hemorrhage. Mechanical hemostasis using endoclips is recommended to treat DLs, considering the high re-bleeding rate after primary APC cauterization. Meanwhile, most small bowel AVMs are large and susceptible to re-bleeding therefore, they usually require surgical resection. To achieve optimal diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for each type of small bowel lesion, the differences in their epidemiology, pathology and clinical presentation must be understood. 相似文献
17.
Orsolya Galamb Barbara K Barták Alexandra Kalmár Zsófia B Nagy Krisztina A Szigeti Zsolt Tulassay Peter Igaz Béla Molnár 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2019,25(34):5026-5048
Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are members of the non-protein coding RNA family longer than 200 nucleotides.They participate in the regulation of gene and protein expression influencing apoptosis,cell proliferation and immune responses,thereby playing a critical role in the development and progression of various cancers,including colorectal cancer(CRC).As CRC is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies worldwide with high mortality,its screening and early detection are crucial,so the identification of disease-specific biomarkers is necessary.LncRNAs are promising candidates as they are involved in carcinogenesis,and certain lncRNAs(e.g.,CCAT1,CRNDE,CRCAL1-4)show altered expression in adenomas,making them potential early diagnostic markers.In addition to being useful as tissue-specific markers,analysis of circulating lncRNAs(e.g.,CCAT1,CCAT2,BLACAT1,CRNDE,NEAT1,UCA1)in peripheral blood offers the possibility to establish minimally invasive,liquid biopsy-based diagnostic tests.This review article aims to describe the origin,structure,and functions of lncRNAs and to discuss their contribution to CRC development.Moreover,our purpose is to summarise lncRNAs showing altered expression levels during tumor formation in both colon tissue and plasma/serum samples and to demonstrate their clinical implications as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for CRC. 相似文献
18.
Zhi-Chao Yu Yong-Xin Cen Ben-Hua Wu Cheng Wei Feng Xiong De-Feng Li Ting-Ting Liu Ming-Han Luo Li-Liangzi Guo Ying-Xue Li Li-Sheng Wang Jian-Yao Wang Jun Yao 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2019,25(29):3956-3971
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic non-organic disease of the digestive system. Berberine (BBR) has been used to treat patients with IBS, but the underlying therapeutic mechanism is little understood. We believe that BBR achieves its therapeutic effect on IBS by preventing stress intestinal inflammation and visceral hypersensitivity and reducing bowel motility. AIM To test the hypothesis that BBR achieves its therapeutic effect on IBS by preventing subclinical inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and reducing visceral hypersensitivity and intestinal motility. METHODS IBS was induced in rats via water avoidance stress (WAS). qRT-PCR and histological analyses were used to evaluate the levels of cytokines and mucosal inflammation, respectively. Modified ELISA and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signal transduction pathway. Colorectal distention test, gastrointestinal transit measurement, Western blot, and qRT-PCR were used to analyze visceral sensitivity, intestinal motility, the expression of Ckit (marker of Cajal mesenchymal cells), and the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB.RESULTS WAS led to mucosal inflammation, visceral hyperalgesia, and high intestinal motility. Oral administration of BBR inhibited the NF-κB signal transduction pathway, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α], promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β), and improved the terminal ileum tissue inflammation. BBR inhibited the expression of BDNF, TrkB, and C-kit in IBS rats, leading to the reduction of intestinal motility and visceral hypersensitivity. The therapeutic effect of BBR at a high dose (100 mg/kg) was superior to than that of the low-dose (25 mg/kg) group. CONCLUSION BBR reduces intestinal mucosal inflammation by inhibiting the intestinal NF-κB signal pathway in the IBS rats. BBR reduces the expression of BDNF, its receptor TrkB, and C-kit. BBR also reduces intestinal motility and visceral sensitivity to achieve its therapeutic effect on IBS. 相似文献
19.
目的应用血流向量图(vector flow mapping,VFM)比较心力衰竭(心衰)患者与正常人左室等容收缩期血流动力学特点。方法对照组包括健康志愿者51例,心衰组包括左室射血分数45%的扩张性心肌病患者57例。心尖左室长轴观记录左室彩色多普勒血流信号,应用VFM测量并比较等容收缩期初始帧和终末帧左室腔内涡流流率与面积。结果对照组舒张末期左室涡流经过等容收缩期后面积无显著性变化,但流率显著降低(P0.01);所有涡流范围均达到左室基底部。而心衰组经过等容收缩期后,涡流面积、流率均显著降低(均P0.05);仅有25例(44%)患者涡流范围可达到左室基底部。校正心腔大小的影响后,等容收缩期末左室涡流的面积和流率心衰组均小于对照组(均P0.01)。结论经过等容收缩期后,心衰患者左室涡流的大小与流率均显著降低,且低于正常心脏。 相似文献
20.
Chun-Shan Wei Naja Becher Jenny Blechingberg Friis Peter Ott Ida Vogel Henning Grønbæk 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2020,26(5):550-561
BACKGROUND Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis(PFIC)encompasses a group of autosomal recessive disorders with high morbidity and mortality.Variants in the gene encoding tight junction protein-2(TJP2)have been linked to PFIC type 4(PFIC4),which predominantly presents in childhood.However,there are only limited data from adults with TJP2-related PFIC4.We report a family with an autosomal recessive disorder with a novel variant in the TJP2 gene in adults with very variable expression of PFIC4.CASE SUMMARY The index patient presented at 19 years old with liver cirrhosis and variceal bleeding and was treated with endoscopic banding and beta-blockers.In 2018,he developed primary liver cancer that was treated with radiofrequency ablation followed by liver transplantation in 2019.Genetic testing revealed a novel homozygous TJP2 variant causing PFIC4(TJP2([NM_004817.3]:c.[3334C>T];[3334C>T])).The consanguineous family consists of the father and mother(both heterozygous)and their 12 children,of which five carry the variant in a homozygous state;however,these five siblings have highly variable expression of PFIC4.Two homozygous brothers had cirrhosis and portal hypertension at diagnosis at the ages of 19 and 36.Two other homozygous brothers,age 23 and 19,and the homozygous sister,age 21,have elevated liver enzymes but presently no cirrhosis,which may suggest an age-dependent penetrance.In addition,five sisters had severe and mild intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and carry the TJP2 variant in a homozygous and heterozygous state,respectively.CONCLUSION This novel TJP2 variant is associated with PFIC4 causing severe liver disease with cirrhosis and primary liver cancer in adolescents/adults. 相似文献