替格瑞洛在急性冠脉综合征介入治疗中的应用

目的观察替格瑞洛治疗急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者行PCI治疗的抗血小板聚集起效时间,临床疗效和安全性。方法选择我院ACS并成功完成PCI手术患者90例,随机分为氯吡格雷组(n=45)和替格瑞洛组(n=45),两组患者入院后均接受常规治疗,氯吡格雷治疗组给予氯吡格雷负荷剂600 mg,后给予氯吡格雷标准剂量(75 mg,1次/日,口服)治疗;替格瑞洛治疗组给予替格瑞洛负荷剂量180 mg,后给予替格瑞洛标准剂量(90 mg,2次/日,口服)治疗。对两组患者基线资料、危险因素以及PCI数据进行统计学分析,检测未予负荷剂量治疗前、给予负荷剂量治疗后不同时间的抗血小板聚集能力,观察两组患者6个月后的主要不良心血管事件(MACE)和出血事件的发生情况。结果替格瑞洛组负荷量180 mg比氯吡格雷组负荷量600 mg起效更快;随访术后6个月,替格瑞洛组MACE发生率显著低于氯吡格雷组(P=0.042);替格瑞洛组和氯吡格雷组的出血发生率比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论替格瑞洛作为一种新型的抗血小板聚集药物,起效更迅速,能够更好地降低人群中ACS患者冠状动脉介入治疗后不良心脑血管事件的发生率     

替格瑞洛治疗急性冠脉综合征行PCI病人的疗效和安全性分析

目的评价替格瑞洛治疗急性冠脉综合征(ACS)行经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)病人的疗效和安全性。方法 103例成功行PCI的ACS病人,随机分为氯吡格雷组和替格瑞洛组,替格瑞洛组PCI术前给予替格瑞洛负荷剂量180mg口服,术后维持剂量为90mg,每日2次。氯吡格雷组PCI术前给予氯吡格雷负荷剂量300mg口服,术后维持剂量为每日75 mg。所有病人均给予拜阿司匹林负荷剂量300mg,术后维持剂量每日100mg。比较两组病人基线临床资料,术后1个月和1年的主要心脑血管不良事件(包括心源性死亡、心肌梗死、卒中、血管内血栓形成和再次血运重建)和出血情况。结果两组病人基线临床资料差异无统计学意义。替格瑞洛组随访1年主要终点事件低于氯吡格雷组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);呼吸困难发生率替格瑞洛组1个月时高于氯吡格雷组,之后明显减少,随访1年差异无统计学意义。结论替格瑞洛较氯吡格雷对行PCI治疗的ACS病人有较好疗效,且安全性相当。     

血栓弹力图监测冠心病患者PCI术后替格瑞洛和氯吡格雷抗血小板治疗效果研究

目的通过血栓弹力图检测冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后替格瑞洛和氯吡格雷的抗血小板疗效及不良反应发生情况。方法选取2016年1月~2017年1月于江苏省中医院行PCI治疗的冠心病患者58例,根据数字随机表法分为替格瑞洛组和氯吡格雷组各29例,替格瑞洛组术前1次口服阿司匹林300 mg+替格瑞洛180 mg,术后给予口服阿司匹林100 mg,1/d,替格瑞洛90 mg,2/d;氯吡格雷组术前1次口服阿司匹林300 mg+氯吡格雷300 mg,术后给予阿司匹林100 mg,1/d,氯吡格雷75 mg,1/d。术后24 h和术后3个月时采用血栓弹力图检测两组血小板抑制率,评价血小板抑制效果,记录患者主要不良心血管事件(MACE)和出血性不良事件。结果两组在年龄、性别比、身高、体重、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟和冠心病类型方面差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。替格瑞洛组术后24 h和3月时的血小板抑制率均高于氯吡格雷组(P0.05)。术后24 h和3个月时替格瑞洛组患者血小板抑制效果均优于氯吡格雷组患者(P0.05)。出院后3个月内替格瑞洛组MACE发生率低于氯吡格雷组(P0.05)。出院后3个月内两组出血性事件发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05),按照心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)出血分级标准,两组出血程度差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论替格瑞洛较氯吡格雷对于冠心病患者PCI术后的抗血小板疗效更佳,且不增加出血风险,值得临床推广应用。     

CYP2C19中间代谢型ACS病人PCI术后抗血小板聚集治疗的随访结果分析

目的观察山西省晋城地区人群中CYP2C19基因中间代谢型急性冠脉综合征(ACS)病人经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)后服用氯吡格雷与替格瑞洛的随访结果。方法选取2016年6月—2018年7月在晋城市人民医院心内科住院行PCI术后确诊的ACS病人527例,根据纳入排除标准最终入组ACS病人327例,根据CYP2C19的基因型监测结果,将309例中间代谢型病人纳入本研究,随机分为3组:替格瑞洛组(90 mg,每日2次)、氯吡格雷加量组(150 mg,每日1次)和氯吡格雷组(75 mg,每日1次),每组103例。于服药后1个月及6个月随访并比较各组主要不良心血管事件(MACE)、出血及呼吸困难的发生情况。结果PCI术后1个月、6个月氯吡格雷组MACE发生率高于替格瑞洛组和氯吡格雷加量组(P<0.05),氯吡格雷加量组与替格瑞洛组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且3组病人出血事件和呼吸困难事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论CYP2C19基因中间代谢型ACS病人PCI术后个体化抗血小板聚集治疗可降低短期内临床MACE发生率,且不明显增加病人出血及呼吸困难的风险。     

复杂冠状动脉病变介入治疗患者应用替格瑞洛的临床疗效观察

目的评价复杂冠状动脉病变PCI患者应用替格瑞洛的有效性及安全性。方法选择2013年2月~2015年8月在我院心内科住院的复杂冠状动脉病变PCI患者204例,冠状动脉造影后随机分为替格瑞洛组98例和氯吡格雷组106例。替格瑞洛组术前给予替格瑞洛负荷剂量180mg口服,术后维持剂量90mg口服,2次/d;氯吡格雷组术前给予氯吡格雷负荷剂量300mg口服,术后维持剂量75mg口服,1次/d。观察术后12个月主要不良心血管事件(MACE),包括支架内血栓形成、再发心绞痛、再发心肌梗死和再次血运重建;安全性终点包括TIMI出血事件以及呼吸困难发生率。结果随访12个月,替格瑞洛组MACE发生率低于氯吡格雷组,但差异无统计学意义(14.3%vs 21.7%,P=0.170)。替格瑞洛组再发心肌梗死及支架内血栓形成发生率明显低于氯吡格雷组(1.0%vs6.6%,P=0.039;0vs 4.7%,P=0.029),呼吸困难发生率明显高于氯吡格雷组(6.1%vs 0.9%,P=0.042)。替格瑞洛组出血事件发生率较氯吡格雷组高,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.367)。结论复杂冠状动脉病变PCI患者应用替格瑞洛获益明显,与氯吡格雷比较进一步降低MACE,不增加出血风险,但呼吸困难发生率较高。     

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后氯吡格雷低反应患者的剂量相关分析与随访研究

目的探讨大剂量氯吡格雷维持应用对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者氯吡格雷低反应的发生率及临床事件的影响,并分析发生氯吡格雷低反应的可能相关危险因素。方法选取2014年1月至2015年6月在扬州大学医学院附属常熟医院心血管内科行PCI术的患者134例,应用血栓弹力图(TEG)测定血小板抑制率,根据术后24 h的测定结果分为氯吡格雷低反应组(45例)和氯吡格雷敏感组(89例),术后分别给予氯吡格雷150 mg、每日1次和75 mg、每日1次口服维持,3个月后复查TEG,观察氯吡格雷低反应变化情况并分析氯吡格雷低反应相关危险因素。随访6个月间的主要不良心血管事件(MACE)和出血事件的发生情况。结果 3个月后,氯吡格雷低反应的发生率从33.6%(45/134)降至11.9%(16/134)。随访6个月,两组患者死亡、非致死性心肌梗死的发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05);氯吡格雷低反应组的总体MACE[15例(33.3%)比20例(22.5%)]、靶血管再次血运重建[5例(11.1%)比6例(6.7%)]、再次因心绞痛住院[12例(26.7%)比15例(16.9%)]的发生率显著高于氯吡格雷敏感组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。氯吡格雷低反应的独立影响因素有吸烟史(OR 4.498,95%CI 1.378~4.018,P=0.036)、合并2型糖尿病(OR 4.385,95%CI 1.370~7.552,P=0.026)、氯吡格雷剂量(OR 0.597,95%CI1.005~2.676,P=0.019)。结论对于氯吡格雷低反应的PCI患者,术后3个月持续应用氯吡格雷150 mg、每日1次维持剂量与氯吡格雷敏感患者75 mg、每日1次维持剂量在严重不良事件(包括死亡、非致死性心肌梗死)方面的获益相当。     

氯吡格雷中间代谢类型老年ACS患者PCI术后替格瑞洛与氯吡格雷治疗的预后评价

目的:比较替格瑞洛与氯吡格雷在氯吡格雷中间代谢类型老年急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后的预后评价。方法:选取2016-01-2018-06入住我院接受PCI的氯吡格雷基因检测为中间代谢类型的老年ACS患者132例,氯吡格雷组72例,替格瑞洛组60例。替格瑞洛组给予180 mg负荷剂量嚼服后90 mg bid维持1年;氯吡格雷组给予300/600 mg嚼服后75 mg qd维持1年。观察两组治疗前后5 d血小板抑制率和随访12个月内两组患者主要不良心血管事件(MACE)及药物不良反应。结果:治疗后第5天,替格瑞洛组血小板抑制率高于氯吡格雷组(P0.01)。12个月内两组MACE事件差异无统计学意义(P0.05);替格瑞洛组和氯吡格雷组总出血事件分别为10例(16.7%)和3例(4.2%)(P0.05);两组均未发生主要出血;轻微出血为7例(11.7%)和2例(2.8%)(P0.05);呼吸困难分别为例8例(13.3%)和1例(1.4%),差异有统计学意义(P0.01);其中轻度呼吸困难为6例(10.0%)和1例(1.4%)(P0.05)。结论:与氯吡格雷相比替格瑞洛对氯吡格雷中间代谢类型老年ACS患者PCI术后的血小板抑制率更高,12个月内两组MACE事件无显著性差异,氯吡格雷治疗安全有效;替格瑞洛组总出血事件和呼吸困难增加,建议老年ACS患者PCI术后6个月改用替格瑞洛60 mg bid维持治疗。     

国产氯吡格雷个体化用药在经皮冠状动脉介入术患者中使用的评价

目的通过观察经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）患者常规使用氯吡格雷后的血小板聚集率情况,并根据血小板聚集率以及是否存在PCI术后支架内血栓形成的高危因素来个体化调整氯吡格雷的使用剂量,以评价氯吡格雷的个体化用药在PCI术患者中使用的疗效及安全性。方法将在我院行PCI术的冠心病患者182例随机分为个体化用药组（88例）和常规用药组（94例）,两组术前3天起常规服用阿司匹林100 mg/d＋氯吡格雷75 mg/d或术前顿服阿司匹林300 mg＋氯吡格雷300 mg,术后两组均予氯吡格雷75 mg/d。常规用药组使用氯吡格雷75 mg/d维持至术后一年。而个体化用药组则可根据患者的血小板聚集率以及是否存在PCI术后支架内血栓形成的高危因素来调整氯吡格雷的用量。结果个体化用药组的出血并发症明显少于常规用药组（2/88比12/94,P〈0.01）。两组间主要心血管不良事件（MACE）的发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,支架内再狭窄发生率差异无统计学意义（2/33比3/38,P〉0.05）。结论国产氯吡格雷在PCI患者中使用是有效并且安全的,而个体化调整氯吡格雷剂量能更进一步减少并发症,增加安全性。     

替格瑞洛和双倍剂量氢氯吡格雷治疗氢氯吡格雷抵抗患者的有效性及安全性

目的 探讨替格瑞洛和双倍剂量氢氯吡格雷在氯吡格雷抵抗的急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者中的有效性和安全性。方法 选取ACS出现氢氯吡格雷抵抗（血小板抑制率<30%）患者124例,随机分为替格瑞洛组(试药组,63例),双倍剂量氢氯吡格雷组(对照组,61例),分别予入院第7天检测血小板抑制率、入院第2天及第7天检测超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP),观察1个月及6个月时主要心脏不良事件（MACE）及轻度出血发生率。结果 入院第7天时检测血小板抑制率,两组患者均较前显著升高（P<0.05）;且试药组血小板抑制率高于对照组〔(60±12)% vs.(46±10)%,P<0.05〕。入院第2天检测hs-CRP,两组患者结果无统计学差异〔(19±4) g/L vs.（20±3） g/L〕;第7天时两组患者的hs-CRP均显著降低（P<0.05）,且试药组hs-CRP降低更显著〔（6.4±2.1） g/L vs.(10.8±2.8) g/L,P<0.05〕,和对照组相比有统计学差异。随访1个月两组患者之间MACE及轻度出血发生率无显著差异（3% vs. 3%,5% vs. 3%）;随访至6个月时试药组MACE发生率低于对照组（3% vs. 13%,P<0.05）,两组之间轻度出血发生率仍旧无明显差异（8% vs. 5%）。结论 ACS出现氢氯吡格雷抵抗患者,选用替格瑞洛具有更好的有效性及安全性。     

替格瑞洛和氯吡格雷用于急性心肌梗塞PCI的疗效比较

目的比较替格瑞洛和氯吡格雷用于急性心肌梗塞经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的效果。方法选择2015年1月~2017年1月50例急性心肌梗塞患者,均行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI),依据随机数字表法,随机分为2组(n=25):研究组和对照组。对照组于PCI术前口服氯吡格雷负荷量600mg,术后口服氯吡格雷维持量75mg/次,1次/d;研究组于PCI术前口服替格瑞洛负荷量180mg,术后口服替格瑞洛维持量90mg/次,2次/d。两组均于PCI术前口服阿司匹林300mg,术后口服阿司匹林100mg/次,1次/d。比较两组治疗前和治疗3个月后左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)和血小板板聚集率。记录治疗后3月主要心血管不良事件(MACE)发生率、支架血栓发生率和出血风险发生率。比较治疗前后肝功能(血清谷草转氨酶-AST、血肌酐)。结果研究组LVEF高于对照组(P0.05),LVEDD和血小板聚集率低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组治疗3月MACE发生率低于对照组(P0.05),支架血栓发生率和出血风险发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组AST和血肌酐比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论替格瑞洛有效改善急性心肌梗塞PCI术患者的左心室功能,降低血小板聚集和MACE发生率,效果优于氯吡格雷,而对肝功能无明显影响。     

国产替罗非班对老年急性冠脉综合征介入治疗患者近期预后的影响

目的 评价国产替罗非班对老年（≥60岁）急性冠脉综合征（ACS）接受冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）患者近期预后的影响。方法325例患者根据是否使用替罗非班分为替罗非班组（n=210）和对照组（n=115）,所有患者术中均植入了药物洗脱支架;替罗非班组在口服阿司匹林＋氯吡格雷基础上加用替罗非班,对照组仅口服阿司匹林＋氯吡格雷;比较两组基线资料、支架植入即刻心肌梗死溶栓治疗（TIMI）血流3级比率、支架内血栓发生率、轻微出血、大出血和血小板减少发生率、术后30d死亡、心肌梗死（MI）和靶血管血运重建（TVR）率。结果替罗非班组PCI后即刻TIMI血流3级比率高于对照组（99．05％VS94．78％,P〈0．05）;支架内血栓发生率明显低于对照组（0．47％vs3．47％,P〈0．01）;术后30d,替罗非班组死亡、MI和TVR率明显低于对照组（分别为0．00％VS2．61％、0．47％VS3．47％和0．47％vs1．73％,P〈0．01）;替罗非班组轻微出血发生率高于对照组,但无统计学差异（7．14％VS4．35％,P〉0．05）,两组大出血发生率和血小板减少发生率均无显著差异（分别为0．00％12S0．00％和0．95％vs0．87％,P〉0．05）。结论国产替罗非班可明显改善老年ACS患者PCI术后即刻TIMI血流状况;有效降低支架内血栓发生率;减少术后30d死亡、MI和TVR发生率,且不增加大出血和血小板减少的发生,从而改善患者的近期预后。     

Poor responsiveness to antiplatelet drugs in acute coronary syndromes: clinical relevance and management

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in Western countries, accounting for more than 40% of total mortality. An optimal pharmacological management in these patients is of major importance and antiplatelet agents remain the cornerstone of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) therapy at hospital admission and during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The recently described poor biological responses to aspirin and clopidogrel have been source of major concern, especially in era of drug eluting stent implantation. Indeed, insufficient platelet inhibition at the time of PCI has been consistently associated with an increased risk of complications and recurrence of ischemic events. Despite the lack of uniformly accepted definitions of aspirin and clopidogrel poor response, we sought to describe the current evidence and gaps in knowledge. While trials on the potential benefit of an increased antiplatelet maintenance dose after PCI have shown only marginal benefits, the strengthening of the initial antiplatelet regimens by additional loading doses of clopidogrel, by the administration of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors or phosphodiesterase inhibitors might further improve outcomes during ACS and PCI in patients with poor responsiveness to conventional dual antiplatelet therapy. Overall, tailoring the antiplatelet treatment on the basis of the individual biological response improves the short-term outcome after PCI. New and more potent antiplatelet drugs may overcome the clinical consequences of the poor response to antiplatelet agents.     

Impact of admission glycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c on long-term clinical outcomes of non-diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome

BackgroundAdmission glucose levels have proven to be a predictor in patients with acute myocardial infarction and elevated glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, even in patients without diabetes. However, the effect of both admission glucose and HbA1c levels on clinical outcomes in non-diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has not been fully elucidated. We evaluated the combined effect of admission glucose and HbA1c values on long-term clinical outcomes in non-diabetic patients with ACS treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods and resultsThis was an observational study of 452 consecutive non-diabetic patients with ACS who underwent PCI between January 1997 and December 2006. The patients were assigned to four groups according to the median values of admission glucose and HbA1c. The primary endpoint comprising a composite of all-cause death and non-fatal MI was compared among the four groups. The primary endpoint occurred in 13.3% of the participants during a median follow-up period of 4.7 years. The cumulative incidence rate of primary endpoint significantly differed among the groups (p = 0.048). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the combination of elevated admission glucose and HbA1c was independently associated with long-term clinical outcomes.ConclusionsCombined admission glucose and HbA1c values were independently associated with clinical outcomes in non-diabetic patients with ACS treated with PCI.     

替罗非班对急性冠脉综合征患者PCI术后MMP-9及IL-6水平的影响

目的: 观察替罗非班对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者经皮冠状动脉成形术(PCI)术后基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)及白介素-6（IL-6）水平的影响。方法: 选择我院2007年2月~2008年12月住院的ACS患者68例,随机分为对照组(n=34)和替罗非班组(n=34)。两组均急诊行PCI术,分别于PCI术前及术后12 h,用ELISA法检测患者血清MMP-9及IL-6的水平。结果: 替罗非班组与对照组相比,PCI术前两组之间MMP-9及IL-6的差异无统计学意义;PCI术后12 h,二者MMP-9的水平［(492±65) vs.(560±82)μg/L］和IL-6的水平［(46.0±7.2) vs.(59.7±8.2)ng/L］差异明显(P<0.05)。结论: 血小板GPⅡb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂替罗非班能显著降低ACS患者介入术后MMP-9及IL-6的水平,抑制炎症反应,从而对血管具有一定的保护作用。     

替格瑞洛对ACS患者PCI后QTd及hs-CRP、sCD40L的影响

目的：探讨替格瑞洛对急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者在经皮冠状动脉支架植入术（PCI）后QT离散度（QTd）以及对炎性因子hs-CRP、sCD40L的影响;方法：抽取本院2017年1月至2017年12月接受PCI治疗的ACS患者69例,随机分为对照组34例（口服氯吡格雷）、试验组35例（口服替格瑞洛）,两组均使用阿司匹林行双联抗血小板聚集（DAPT）治疗1年。测量两组治疗前及术后24h、1月、1年QTd值以及静脉血hs-CRP、sCD40L值。术后6个月随访恶性心律失常的发生情况;结果：术后24h、1月、1年,试验组QTd值及hs-CRP、sCD40L水平均低于对照组（P<0.05）。术后6个月内,试验组恶性心律失常发生率（22.9%）小于对照组（47.1%）（P<0.05）。结论 ACS患者PCI围术期应用替格瑞洛能显著缩短QTd,降低炎性因子hs-CRP、sCD40L水平,降低恶性心律失常发生率,显著改善预后。     

急性冠状动脉综合征高龄患者介入治疗后双联抗血小板长期治疗的安全性研究

目的:观察急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)高龄患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后长期联合应用阿司匹林和氯吡格雷的安全性。方法:将接受PCI的416例ACS患者分为非高龄组(A组,年龄0.05)。2组出血发生率分别为3.2%和4.0%(P>0.05),血小板及白细胞减少发生率组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析结果提示阿司匹林长期维持治疗、氯吡格雷维持治疗时间超过12个月、合并使用质子泵抑制剂是ACS患者PCI后长期使用双联抗血小板药并发出血的独立危险因素[比值比(OR)分别为0.048、5.396、0.181,均P0.05)。结论:75岁以上的高龄ACS患者PCI后长期双联抗血小板治疗的出血发生率与75岁以下人群相比并未明显增加,但长期双联抗血小板治疗仍需注意防止出血并发症的发生。     

Clinical and prognostic implications of the initial response to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Increased platelet reactivity and decreased response to antiplatelet drugs may result in recurrent ischemic events after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We evaluated laboratory response to aspirin in patients with ACS before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and assessed its effect on major adverse clinical events. Sixty-three consecutive patients with ACS were tested for response to aspirin by light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) and the IMPACT-R test (with arachidonic acid) before and 2 to 4 days after PCI and clopidogrel loading. Patients were followed for clinical events up to 15 months from PCI. Response to aspirin improved significantly after PCI and clopidogrel treatment (mean arachidonic acid-induced LTA decreased from 34.9 ± 3.35% before PCI to 15.2 ± 2.2% and surface coverage increased from 2.2 ± 0.27% to 6.2 ± 0.6%, p <0.0001 for the 2 methods). Improved response to aspirin after PCI correlated with response to clopidogrel (LTA and IMPACT-R, p <0.01). Patients with good laboratory response to aspirin before but not after PCI had a significantly lower major cardiovascular event rate during 15-month follow-up in multivariate analysis. In conclusion, laboratory response to aspirin is highly dynamic in patients with ACS. Improved response to aspirin after PCI may result from stabilization of coronary artery disease and/or clopidogrel treatment. Laboratory response to aspirin before PCI and clopidogrel loading is a sensitive marker for platelet reactivity that correlates with clinical outcome in patients with ACS.     

老年急性冠状动脉综合征合并糖尿病患者介入治疗的疗效和预后

目的评价老年急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)合并糖尿病患者PCI的效果和预后。方法选择年龄>65岁的老年ACS行PCI患者232例,按是否合并糖尿病分为合并组(76例)和非合并组(156例),两组均行药物洗脱支架置入,合并组急诊PCI 17例(22.4%),非合并组急诊PCI 41例(26.3%)。随访6个月～4年,观察两组患者手术成功率、住院期间和远期心脑血管事件发生率。结果合并组患者女性和3支血管病变比例明显高于非合并组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。合并组和非合并组PCI成功率比较差异无统计学意义(97.5%vs 97.6%,P>0.05)。两组术后并发症、住院期间和远期心脑血管事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ACS合并糖尿病患者PCI成功率高,PCI安全有效。     

Qual o verdadeiro impacto da intervenção coronária percutânea on‐site? Análise de score de propensão de doentes admitidos por síndrome coronária aguda

IntroductionIn an era in which coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, several studies report the persistence of obstacles to accessing revascularization, and percutaneous coronary intervention in particular, which may be associated with worse outcomes.ObjectivesTo compare cardiovascular outcomes in patients admitted to hospitals with and without on‐site percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capabilities.Material and MethodsA retrospective study based on the National Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) ‐ with data collection from 2010 to 2018. Division of the patients into two groups: with and without ST‐elevation. Two subgroups were subsequently created according to the presence/absence of on‐site PCI. A propensity score was performed to standardize the results. Patients without information about hospital admission (with/without PCI) were excluded.Results6008 patients were included after exclusion criteria and propensity score were applied. We found that patients admitted for ACS with ST‐elevation (STE‐ACS) had more episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia (OR 2.14; CI (1.26‐3.61); p=0.004) in hospitals without on‐site PCI. Regarding ACS without ST elevation (NSTE‐ACS), there were more cases of congestive heart failure (OR 0.79; CI (0.65‐0.98)) in hospitals with on‐site PCI.ConclusionThe incidence of a greater number of major adverse events in hospitalizations without on‐site PCI, particularly in the case of STE‐ACS, is a consequence of the delay before revascularization. National and local strategies must be established to reduce the negative impact of the absence of on‐site PCI and the resulting time before revascularization.     

Relationship between interleukin-18 levels and characterization of atherosclerotic plaque and percutaneous coronary intervention

Background lnterleuldn-18(IL- 18) plays a key role in the development,progression and outcome of coronary artery disease and its complications.However,its variability relation to the characterization of atherosclerotic plaque and percutaneous coronary intervention are still unknown.Methods Fifty four patients with coronary artery disease [22 patients with stable angina (SA) and 32 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS)] were enrolled in this study.All patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).The stability of the plaques at the criminal vessels was assessed with analogical IVUS.Serum IL-18 levels were measured at the time points of 5 rain before PCI,and Oh,6h,24h and lmonth after PCI in all patients.Results ACS group consisted mainly of lipidic unstable plaques while SA group of fibrous stable plaques.Moreover,compared with those in SA group,eccentricity index (EI) and remodeling index (RI) were significantly higher in ACS group.Positive remodeling was seen in ACS group while negative or no remodeling in SA group.Further,serum IL-18 levels were significantly elevated in patients with ACS than those in SA group before PCI,increased at Oh,6h,24h after PCI (P＜0.05)and were not significant different at 1 month after PCI from those before PCI.Conclusions There is significant difference in the composition and structural characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques between ACS and UA groups.PCI triggersd and enhances the inflammatory response in a short time.Serum levels of IL- 18 are the predictors of progression of unstable plaque in atherosclerosis.Post-operative complications of PCI might be reduced by inhibiting IL- 18.(J Geriatr Cardiol 2008;5:21-24)