冠状动脉临界病变患者血清MMP-9、sCD40L水平及其临床意义

目的:观察冠状动脉临界病变患者血清基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)、可溶性CD40配体(sCD40L)水平,并探讨其与易损斑块的关系及临床意义.方法:冠状动脉CT造影(CCTA)证实一支某一节段或以上冠状动脉狭窄50%～70%患者97例,其中稳定型心绞痛51例,不稳定型心绞痛46例;无心血管病者37例作为对照组.采用酶联...     

64层螺旋CT联合sCD40L和Hcy检测在诊断老年冠心病易损斑块中的价值

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT(MSCT)结合可溶性白细胞分化抗原40 配体(sCD40L)和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)在诊断老年人冠状动脉易损斑块中的价值.方法 72例冠心病病人通过64层螺旋CT(MSCT)筛选,根据CT值将斑块分为三类:易损斑块组、混合斑块组、钙化斑块组,另取对照组24例.检测各组血清sCD40L、Hcy的水平,比较各组的差异及其与斑块的关系.结果 易损斑块组、混合斑块组sCD40L、Hcy高于对照组(P＜0.01),冠心病各组均高于对照组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).结论 MSCT冠状动脉斑块检查结合sCD40L和Hcy检测更有益于判断斑块的稳定性,可作为老年人冠状动脉斑块不稳定性的预测指标.     

急性冠脉综合征中CD40L 和基质金属蛋白酶致病作用的研究

目的 探讨CD40L和基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）在冠脉斑块形成中的作用机制。方法 对59例冠状动脉造影证实,有冠状动脉狭窄的急性冠脉综合症患者（男31例,女28例,平均年龄60.3岁）,分为不稳定型心绞痛组（n=32）、急性心肌梗死组（n=27）,同时设正常对照组（体检健康者,n=30）。采用ELISA法检测血清CD40L、C反应性蛋白（CRP）、MMP-2和MMP-9的水平。结果 与正常对照组比较,血清CD40L、CRP、MMP-2和MMP-9的水平,随病情的加重而升高且差异显著（P<0.01）,多支病变者的水平高于单支病变者。血清MMP-2与MMP-9的水平、CD40L与MMP-9的水平均呈正相关（r值分别为0.71和0.78）。结论 血清MMP-2和MMP-9水平的增高与冠脉斑块的形成有一定的联系。CD40L可能是通过MMP-s引起冠脉损伤,从而导致斑块形成和冠心病的发生发展。     

CT联合血清肿瘤坏死因子α和同型半胱氨酸检测在诊断冠脉易损斑块中的价值

目的通过64排螺旋CT检测各型冠心病中软斑块、混合斑块、钙化斑块的分布,探讨冠脉斑块稳定性与肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)含量的相关性。方法选择89例住院接受冠脉造影的患者根据临床诊断分为正常对照组、稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组和急性冠脉综合征(ACS)组(不包括急性ST段抬高的心肌梗死)。64排螺旋CT检查后根据斑块性质分为正常对照组、软斑块组、混合斑块组和钙化斑块组,测定血清TNF-α和Hcy值并进行比较。结果 (1)在ACS组软斑块、混合斑块的分布显著高于钙化斑块(P<0.001),而在SAP组钙化斑块的分布显著高于ACS组(P<0.001);(2)各斑块组血清TNF-α和Hcy水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);软斑块组、混合斑块组血清TNF-α和Hcy水平高于钙化斑块组(P<0.05);而软斑块组和混合斑块组间血清TNF-α和Hcy水平比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);(3)ACS组血清TNF-α和Hcy水平显著高于对照组及SAP组(均P<0.01)。结论 (1)64排螺旋CT冠脉造影可较准确地显示冠心病患者病变冠状动脉斑块的性质;(2)血清TNF-α、Hcy水平可较好反映冠心病患者冠状动脉斑块的不稳定性;(3)64排螺旋CT检测分析斑块在各型冠心病分布特点结合TNF-α、Hcy含量分析,可对冠状动脉斑块的稳定性进行评估,对预测心血管事件及危险分级提供参考。     

瑞舒伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征患者血清sCD40L、MMP-2及hs-CRP的影响

目的 探讨瑞舒伐他汀(rosuvastatin) 对急性冠脉综合征(ACS) 患者血清sCD40L、MMP-2 hs-CRP的影响.方法 选择ACS患者61 例,稳定型心绞痛(SA) 患者19 例及正常对照组30 例.随机将ACS 患者分为瑞舒伐他汀治疗组(33 例) 和常规治疗组(28 例),比较各组间血清sCD40L MMP-2 及hs-CRP的水平变化.结果 ACS 组与SA 组及正常对照组之间血清sCD40L MMP-2 及hs-CRP水平相比差异有统计学意义,两治疗组治疗后血清sCD40L MMP-2、及hs-CRP水平相比差异有统计学意义.结论 瑞舒伐他汀可降低ACS 患者血清sCD40L MMP-2及 hs-CRP 水平,减少冠状动脉粥样斑块基质成分的降解和炎症反应,从而起到稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块的作用.     

冠心病患者血清MMP-9与Hcy的临床意义

目的 探讨冠心病患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP9)水平与冠脉斑块性质的相关性及临床意义.方法 选择72例疑诊冠心病患者,所有入选患者均行冠脉造影及64层螺旋CT冠脉扫描,冠心病的诊断标准为冠脉至少一支血管狭窄程度≥50%,并根据斑块的CT值分为软斑块组(11例)、混合斑块组(14例)、硬斑块组(25例)及对照组(22例).依冠脉造影结果 分型为急性冠脉综合征(ACS)组(24例)与稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组(26例).同时以ELISA法测定血清MMP-9及用化学发光法测血清Hcy,比较各组的差异及相互关系.结果 软斑块组与混合斑块组血清Hcy、MMP-9水平高于硬斑块组和对照组(P＜0.05),MMP-9水平与Hcy水平显著正相关(r=0.657,P＜0.05).结论 MMP-9、Hcy与斑块的不稳定性密切相关,64层螺旋CT冠脉斑块检查联合血清Hcy、MMP-9水平检测可作为冠脉斑块不稳定性的预测指标.     

64排螺旋CT检测冠心病患者冠状动脉斑块分型的分布特点与其血清IL-6、INF-α含量的相关性

目的 通过64排螺旋CT 检测各型冠心病中软斑块、混合斑块、钙化斑块的分布,探讨冠脉斑块稳定性与IL-6和TNF-α含量的相关性.方法 选择89例住院接受冠脉造影的患者根据临床诊断分为正常对照组、稳定型心绞痛组(SAP)和急性冠脉综合征组(ACS)(不包括急性 ST 段抬高的心肌梗死).64排螺旋CT检查后根据斑块性质分为正常对照组、软斑块组、混合斑块组和钙化斑块组,测定血清 IL-6和TNF-α.结果 ①在 ACS 组软斑块、混合斑块的分布显著高于钙化斑块(P＜0.001),而在SAP组钙化斑块的分布显著高于ACS组(P＜0.001);②各斑块组平均血清 IL-6和TNF-α水平显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);软斑块组、混合斑块组平均血清 IL-6和TNF-α水平高于钙化斑块组(P＜0.05);而于软斑块组和混合斑块组间平均血清IL-6和TNF-α水平比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05);③ACS组平均血清IL-6和TNF-α水平显著高于对照组及SAP组(均P＜0.01).结论 ①64排螺旋CT 冠脉造影可较准确地显示冠心病患者病变冠状动脉斑块的性质;②血清IL-6、TNF-α平可较好反映冠心病患者冠状动脉斑块的不稳定性;③64排螺旋CT检测分析斑块在各型冠心病分布特点及IL-6、TNF-α含量分析,可对冠状动脉斑块的稳定性进行评估,对预测心血管事件及危险分级提供有益参考.     

冠状动脉钙化性中重度狭窄的MSCT与DSA对比研究

目的探讨钙化斑块所致管腔≥50%狭窄评价的准确程度。方法回顾性分析97例患者冠状动脉成像和冠状动脉造影检查,比较钙化斑块所致冠状动脉狭窄≥50%的64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(CTCA)与冠状动脉造影(CAG)评价的差异性。结果64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像评价冠状动脉管腔狭窄≥50%的病变中,钙化斑块所致的管腔狭窄≥50%有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 64层螺旋CT冠脉成像分析钙化斑块所致冠状动脉管腔≥50%狭窄误差比较大,对混合斑块、非钙化斑块所致冠状动脉管腔≥50%狭窄的评价可信度比较高。     

急性冠脉综合征患者冠脉斑块稳定性和血清MMP-9、IL-6的相关性研究

目的 检测急性冠脉综合征患者冠脉斑块稳定性与血清白介素-6(IL-6)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平的相关性并探讨其临床意义.方法 选择72例疑诊冠心病患者,所有入选患者均行冠脉造影及64层螺旋CT冠脉扫描,并根据斑块的CT值分为软斑块组(11例)、混合斑块组(14例)、硬斑块组(25例)及对照组(22例).同时以ELISA法测定血清IL-6、MMP-9值,比较各组的差异及相互关系.结果 软斑块组与混合斑块组血清IL-6、MMP-9水平高于硬斑块组和对照组(P＜0.05).MMP-9水平与IL-6水平显著相关.结论 MMP-9、IL-6与斑块的不稳定性密切相关,64层螺旋CT冠脉斑块检查联合血清IL-6、MMP-9水平检测可作为冠脉斑块不稳定性的预测指标.     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像检测不稳定斑块的危险因素分析

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(64SCTA)检测冠状动脉粥样斑块的价值,分析形成不稳定斑块的危险因素.方法 选择112例住院冠心病患者行64SCTA和导管法冠状动脉造影,均检测血清内皮素-1、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α和超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP).以冠状动脉造影为标准评价64SCTA检测冠状动脉斑块的作用;根据检测正确的粥样斑块CT值将患者分为软斑块组(51例)和非软斑块组(61例),比较两组各检测指标的差异,分析软斑块形成的危险因素. 结果 64SCTA检测冠状动脉斑块的灵敏度为87.4%,特异度为87.1%,阳性预测值82.2%,阴性预测值91.0%.软斑块组与非软斑块组比较,MMP-9、IL-6、hs-CRP、冠状动脉病变数及诊断、性别和糖尿病的构成比差异有统计学意义.Logistic回归分析显示,MMP-9>5.231 ng/L(P=0.0215,OR=2.33,95%CI 1.13～4.79)、hs-CRP>3.583 mg/L(P=0.0008,OR=4.32,95%CI 1.84～10.15)和不稳定心绞痛(P=0.0339,0R=4.33,95%CI 1.12～16.77)为软斑块形成的危险因素.结论 64SCTA检测冠状动脉斑块价值较高,是目前无创方法检测冠状动脉斑块最为可靠的手段之一.MMP-9、hs-CRP和不稳定心绞痛为不稳定斑块的独立危险因素.     

Mortality incidence of patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease diagnosed by computed tomography angiography

It was previously reported that event-free survival rates of symptomatic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosed by computed tomographic angiography decreased incrementally from normal coronary arteries to obstructive CAD. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of symptomatic patients with nonobstructive CAD with luminal stenoses of 1% to 49% on the basis of coronary plaque morphology in an outpatient setting. Among 3,499 consecutive symptomatic subjects who underwent computed tomographic angiography, 1,102 subjects with nonobstructive CAD (mean age 59 ± 14 years, 69.9% men) were prospectively followed for a mean of 78 ± 12 months. Coronary plaques were defined as noncalcified, mixed, and calcified per patient. Multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models were developed to predict all-cause mortality. The death rate of patients with nonobstructive CAD was 3.1% (34 deaths). The death rate increased incrementally from calcified plaque (1.4%) to mixed plaque (3.3%) to noncalcified plaque (9.6%), as well as from single- to triple-vessel disease (p <0.001). In subjects with mixed or calcified plaques, the death rate increased with the severity of coronary artery calcium from 1 to 9 to ≥ 400. The risk-adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality in patients with nonobstructive CAD were 3.2 (95% confidence interval 1.3 to 8.0, p = 0.001) for mixed plaques and 7.4 (95% confidence interval 2.7 to 20.1, p = 0.0001) for noncalcified plaques compared with calcified plaques. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve to predict all-cause mortality were 0.75 for mixed and 0.86 for noncalcified coronary lesions. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the presence of noncalcified and mixed coronary plaques provided incremental value in predicting all-cause mortality in symptomatic subjects with nonobstructive CAD independent of age, gender, and conventional risk factors.     

CT血管造影在冠状动脉狭窄程度及其斑块类型评估中的应用价值

背景 CT血管造影(CTA)已成为影像学研究的热点,近年被越来越多地应用于临床.目的 探讨CTA在冠状动脉狭窄程度及其斑块类型评估中的应用价值.方法 选取东南大学附属中大医院江北院区2018年8月至2020年8月收治的冠心病(CHD)患者98例,均接受CAG和CTA检查.记录CTA对冠状动脉管腔的评价结果,以CAG为诊...     

Plaque distribution in clopidogrel responders and low responders as determined by multislice computed tomography

Via multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) with retrospective electrographic gating, we sought to evaluate whether plaque distribution differs between responders and low responders to clopidogrel treatment. Low response was defined as a post-treatment aggregation of 35% to 70%. In this observational study, we enrolled 62 patients (mean age, 64.8 ± 8.9 yr; 51 men). In addition to determining coronary calcium scores, we performed noninvasive coronary angiography with MDCT before stent implantation. Plaques were visually classified as calcified, mixed, or completely noncalcified. Mean density was measured. Residual platelet aggregation (RPA) was evaluated by aggregometry 6 hr after administration of a 600-mg loading dose of clopidogrel. Patients with an RPA of less than 35% were defined as responders.The median calcium score was 736 Agatston score equivalent (ASE) (range, 0-5,772) and mean platelet inhibition was 35% ± 19% (range, 0-70%). A total of 494 coronary plaques were detected (responders: calcified, 197; mixed, 47, noncalcified, 5; and low responders: calcified, 177; mixed, 65; noncalcified, 3). Responders (n = 35) had significantly lower ASEs and fewer mixed but more calcified plaques than did low responders. In mean plaque density (measured within the noncalcified part of the plaques), no statistically significant difference existed between the 2 patient groups. By use of MDCT, we showed that ASE and plaque distribution were associated with RPA after clopidogrel treatment. Patients with a low coronary plaque burden and a small proportion of mixed plaques were more likely to have low RPA after administration of clopidogrel.     

急性冠脉综合征患者血浆sCD40L与血清基质金属蛋白酶水平的变化及其意义

目的：观察急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者可溶性CD40配体（sCD40L）及血清基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）、血清组织金属蛋白酶抑制物-1（TIMP-1）水平变化及其相关性。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附法测定70例冠心病患者[ACS患者35例、稳定型心绞痛（SAP）患者35例]、35例非冠心病患者（正常对照组）sCD40L、MMP-9、TIMP-1的水平。结果：与正常对照组及SAP组比较,ACS组sCD40L[（2.73±0.92）μg/ml比（3.05±0.98）μg/ml比（4.72±1.15）μg/ml]、MMP-9[（152.38±54.22）ng/ml比（341.12±69.96）ng/ml比（574.2±139.20）ng/ml]水平明显升高（P均〈0.01）,而TIMP-1[（415.92±13.96）ng/ml比（249.32±36.80）ng/ml比（172.20±40.10）ng/ml]水平明显降低（P〈0.01）;且MMP-9与sCD40L呈正相关（r=0.42,P〈0.05）。结论：急性冠脉综合征患者可溶性CD40配体、血清基质金属蛋白酶-9水平升高,血清组织金属蛋白酶抑制物-1水平下降提示这两指标与粥样斑块不稳定相关,可作为判断粥样斑块不稳定的血清学指标。     

老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块钙化特征

目的探讨老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块钙化的总负荷和钙化特征。方法选择稳定性心绞痛患者72例,其中合并2型糖尿病40例(糖尿病组),无糖尿病32例(非糖尿病组)。均行冠状动脉造影,选取一处狭窄50%～70%的斑块进行血管内超声检查。测量斑块钙化弧面积,如果同一斑块内有多个钙化,分别测量每个钙化的弧面积,并将每个弧面积相加得到钙化总负荷,并记录每个斑块内钙化数量。结果与非糖尿病组比较,糖尿病组患者斑块钙化弧面积明显增大,钙化数量明显增多[(1343.0±1007.3)度×mm vs(707.7±589.0)度×mm,(2.4±2.0)个vs(1.4±1.3)个,P<0.05];糖尿病组与非糖尿病组每个钙化弧面积比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉钙化负荷更重,这种负荷的加重是由于斑块内钙化数量的增加所致,合并和不合并糖尿病的老年冠心病患者冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块钙化数量相同。     

斑块稳定性与炎症反应在急性冠状动脉综合征中作用的研究

目的 探讨冠状动脉（冠脉）粥样斑块稳定性和炎症反应在急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）中的作用。方法 对28例ACS和13例稳定性心绞痛（SA）患者“罪犯”冠脉进行血管内超声（IVUS）检查,同时测定外周血清高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）、组织型基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1（TIMP-1）、可溶性CD40L（sCD40L）含量。结果 ACS患者冠脉病变处以软斑块为主71．4％（20／28）,SA患者冠脉病变处以硬斑块为主76．9％（10／13）,差异有统计学意义（P=0．004）。与sA组比较,ACS组病变处斑块面积大（P=0．004）、斑块负荷重（P=0．048）、以正性重构为主（P=0．013）。ACS组血清hs—CRP、MMP-9、sCIMOL含量均高于SA组,TIMP-1含量在ACS组和SA组之间差异无统计学意义（P=0．234）,ACS组hs-CRP与MMP-9（r=0．671,P=0．000）、sCIMOL（r=0．494,P=0．008）呈正相关。结论 冠脉“罪犯”病变处结构性易损斑块是ACS发作基础,CIMOL和MMP-9参与的炎症反应导致斑块功能性不稳定和不同临床表现。     

Comparison of atherosclerotic plaque by computed tomography angiography in patients with and without diabetes mellitus and with known or suspected coronary artery disease

The aim of this study was to compare coronary artery plaque burden, composition, distribution, and the degree of coronary artery stenosis in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). The study group consisted of 594 patients with known or suspected CAD, including 122 diabetics, who underwent multidetector computed tomographic coronary angiography and traditional invasive coronary artery angiography. Coronary artery calcium scores were compared in different age subgroups. Noncalcified plaque, calcified plaque, and mixed plaque were analyzed by coronary segment on computed tomographic coronary angiography, as well as the degree of coronary stenosis on coronary artery angiography. Obstructive vessels were compared between the 2 groups. Total coronary artery calcium score was higher in patients with diabetes compared to those without (378.4 ± 613.0 vs 226.0 ± 408.4, p = 0.003). The percentage of patients with coronary artery calcium scores >400 among diabetics (22.1%) was higher than among nondiabetics (14.2%) (p = 0.032). Diabetics had a higher percentage of coronary segments with noncalcified plaque, calcified plaque, and mixed plaque than nondiabetics (35.3% vs 26.2%, p <0.001; 17.5% vs 11.6%, p = 0.017; and 9.8% vs 7.9%, p = 0.008). More diabetics had multivessel obstructive disease compared to nondiabetics (p <0.05). With longer duration of diabetes mellitus, the stenosed segments of coronary arteries increased accordingly. In conclusion, diabetics have more atherosclerotic plaque burden and more severe coronary atherosclerosis than nondiabetics. Most obstructive lesions were caused by mixed plaques in diabetics and nondiabetics.     

姜黄素对不稳定型心绞痛患者血清明胶酶水平的影响

目的：探讨姜黄素对不稳定型心绞痛患者血清明胶酶水平的影响。方法：选择2010年1月至2010年9月住院的不稳定型心绞痛患者共80例,随机分为常规治疗对照组（n=40）和姜黄素治疗组（n=40）,分别测定两组治疗前及治疗30d后血清明胶酶[包括基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）和MMP-9]的水平。结果：与治疗前比较,姜黄素治疗组治疗后血清明胶酶水平明显下降[MMP-2：（52.64±6.77）ng/ml：（32.65±1.67）ng/ml,MMP-9：（56.75±7.34）ng/ml：（35±1.88）ng/ml],P〈0.01。姜黄素治疗组治疗后血清明胶酶水平明显低于常规治疗对照组治疗后[MMP-2：（32.65±1.67）ng/ml：（37.78±2.76）ng/ml,MMP-9：（35±1.88）ng/ml：（40.23±1.95）ng/ml],P〈0.05。结论：姜黄素能降低不稳定型心绞痛患者血清明胶酶水平,起到稳定粥样斑块的作用。     

Accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography to classify and quantify plaque volumes in the proximal coronary system: a comparative study using intravascular ultrasound.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the accuracy of a new 64-slice computed tomography (CT) scanner, compared with intravascular ultrasound, to visualize atherosclerosis in the proximal coronary system. BACKGROUND: Noninvasive determination of plaque composition and plaque burden may be important to improve risk stratification. METHODS: In 20 patients, a 64-slice CT scan (Sensation 64, Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) and an intravascular ultrasound investigation of vessels without stenosis >50% was performed. Diagnostic image quality with 64-slice CT was obtained in 36 vessels in 19 patients. RESULTS: In these vessels, which were divided in 3-mm sections, 64-slice CT enabled a correct detection of plaque in 54 of 65 (83%) sections containing noncalcified plaques, 50 of 53 (94%) sections containing mixed plaques, and 41 of 43 (95%) sections containing calcified plaques. In 192 of 204 (94%) sections, atherosclerotic lesions were excluded correctly. In addition, 64-slice CT enabled the visualization of 7 of 10 (70%) sections revealing a lipid pool and could identify a spotty calcification pattern in 27 of 30 (90%) sections. The correlation coefficient to determine plaque volumes per vessel was r2 = 0.69 (p < 0.001) with an underestimation of mixed and noncalcified plaque volumes (p < 0.03) and a trend to overestimate calcified plaque volumes by 64-slice CT. The interobserver variability to determine plaque volumes was 37%. Interobserver agreement to identify atherosclerotic sections was good (Cohen's kappa coefficient = 0.75). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that 64-slice CT reveals encouraging results to noninvasively detect different types of coronary plaques located in the proximal coronary system. The ability to determine plaque burden currently is hampered by mainly an insufficient reproducibility.