小麦麸皮水溶性戊聚糖的分离及分级纯化

以水为溶剂从小麦麸皮中制备水溶性戊聚糖,采用乙醇分级沉淀、离子交换色谱以及凝胶过滤色谱对所得到的水溶性戊聚糖进行纯化分级,得到两个组成不同的组分P WSPI1 S和P WSPII1 S.单糖组成分析表明:P WSPI1 S组分由阿拉伯糖和木糖组成,P WSPII1 S由阿拉伯糖、半乳糖组成,并含有较多的蛋白质,是一种糖蛋白复合物组分.     

小麦麸皮中戊聚糖的纯化分级及组成分析

用乙醇逐步沉淀和离子交换柱层析方法对麸皮中制备的水溶戊聚糖(WSP)和水不溶戊聚糖 (AEP)进行分级纯化 ,并对各组分的组成进行了分析 .结果表明 ,用乙醇逐步沉淀时 ,随着乙醇体积分数的增加 ,所得分级组分具有较高的分支 ;用离子交换柱层析时 ,WSP可分级为 2个组分 ,AEP可分级为 3个组分 ,并且用NaCl较H2 O洗脱的组分具有较高的分支和较高的相对分子质量     

Comparison of DXA Hip Structural Analysis with Volumetric QCT

Hip structural analysis (HSA) estimates geometrical and mechanical properties from hip dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images and is widely used in osteoporosis trials. This study compares HSA to volumetric quantitative computed tomography (QCT) measurements in the same population. A total of 121 women (mean age 58 yr, mean body mass index 27 kg/m²) participated. Each woman received a volumetric QCT scan and DXA scan of the left hip. QCT scans were analyzed with in-house software that directly computed geometric and mechanical parameters at the neck and trochanteric regions. DXA HSA was performed with an implementation by GE/Lunar. Pair-wise linear regression of HSA variables was conducted by method to site matched QCT variables for bone density, cross-sectional area, and cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI) of the femur neck. HSA correlated well with QCT (r² = 0.67 for neck bone mineral density [BMD] and 0.5 for CSMI) and standard DXA at the neck (r² = 0.82 for BMD). HSA and volumetric QCT compared favorably, which supports the validity of a projective technique such as DXA to derive geometrical properties of the proximal hip.     

谷朊粉废水提取物在肉制品中的应用

介绍了一种从谷朊粉废水中提取戊聚糖的工艺,由此工艺得到的产品(戊聚糖质量分数约70%,蛋白质质量分数约20%)能较好地保持戊聚糖的特性.研究了其它添加剂(卡拉胶)对戊聚糖的乳化性,戊聚糖对肉制品持油、持水性以及其质构的影响.谷朊粉废弃水提取物与卡拉胶的复配产品在添加量(质量分数)为6%时能使肉制品有较好的持油性和相应的质构.     

The Effect of Purified Micronized Flavonoid Fraction on the Healing of Anastomoses in the Colon in Rats

Purpose Anastomotic leakage of colonic and rectal anastomoses is a major complication after large intestine surgery. Many factors influence the healing of colon anastomoses. Flavonoids have been recognized for centuries as physiologically active constituents that are used to treat human diseases. We studied the effects of a clinically used, micronized, purified flavonoid fraction on the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were used. The flavonoid group of rats received 100 mg/kg per day of Daflon for 14 days until surgery. Thereafter, a resection and anastomosis were performed. The bursting pressure of the anastomoses and the hydroxyproline levels of the perianastomotic tissue were determined to evaluate the healing on the third and seventh days of surgery for both flavonoid and control groups. Results The bursting pressure of the flavonoid group was higher on the seventh day. The hydroxyproline levels of the flavonoid group were significantly higher than in the control group on both the third and seventh days after surgery. Conclusions Although the micronized purified flavonoid fraction has some inhibitory properties on the healing of the anastomosis, its net effect was to obtain a better anastomotic healing of the colon in rats.     

Trabecular Bone Score and Hip Structural Analysis in Patients With Atypical Femur Fractures

Bisphosphonate use has declined dramatically in recent years, partly because of fear of rare side effects like atypical femur fractures (AFFs). It is therefore desirable to have a diagnostic method to identify those at risk of AFF to prevent this serious complication. We compared trabecular microarchitecture and hip geometry between 30 patients with AFF and 141 controls of similar age and sex, using bisphosphonates. Trabecular bone score (TBS) and hip structural analysis (HSA) were used to assess trabecular microarchitecture and macroscopic hip geometry from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry images of the lumbar spine and hip, respectively. General characteristics, TBS, and HSA were compared between patients with AFF and controls using Student's t tests and chi-square statistics. Associations between AFF and TBS and femur geometric characteristics by HSA were adjusted for sex, age, height, weight, ethnicity, duration of bisphosphonate use, and glucocorticoid use. Additionally, the analysis of TBS was adjusted for lumbar spine bone mineral density and the time difference between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning and the diagnosis of AFF. Patients with AFF had significantly higher body mass index than controls, had used bisphosphonates longer, and glucocorticoids and proton pump inhibitors more frequently. Sex-specific T-score was significantly higher in patients with AFF at the lumbar spine (p?=?0.004), but not at the femoral neck (p?=?0.190) after adjustment for age, height, and weight. TBS did not differ significantly between patients with AFF and controls. Neither neck shaft angle nor any geometric variables at the femoral shaft measured by HSA differed between patients with AFF and controls. At the narrow neck, patients with AFF had lower buckling ratio and higher centroid position, consistent with a lower risk of classical fragility hip fractures. The findings at narrow neck and higher bone mineral density might be explained by the fact that the majority of patients with AFF used bisphosphonates to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Based on our results, TBS and HSA do not appear to have value in detecting patients at risk of AFF.     

Dimensional Analysis of the Impact of Event Scale Using Structural Equation Modeling

The dimensionality of the Impact of Event Scale (IES) was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Responses from 321 individuals (62% response) who had experienced a mass murder of seven people 8 months earlier were obtained. A model with a general factor and three subordinate specific factors—Intrusiveness, Avoidance, and Sleep Disturbance—was developed. Scores on the original IES subscales and the SEM factors were related to scores on the General Health Questionnaire. It was concluded that the original subscales could, to a certain degree, be regarded as a reflection of negative affectivity. A more differentiated pattern emerged using the specific latent variables from the SEM analysis.     

The role of lymphocyte surface binding sites for wheat germ agglutinin in the negative regulation of cancer patients

The role of lymphocyte surface binding sites for wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) in the negative regulation of cancer patients was investigated. The number of WGA binding sites on the surface of each lymphocyte ranged from 10⁷ to 10⁸. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated WGA, bound to the majority of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with two peaks of fluorescent intensity was expressed either dimly or brightly. The increase in lymphocytes brightly expressing WGA fluorescent intensity (WGA bright lymphocytes) significantly correlated with the number of WGA binding sites. The suppression of lymphocyte proliferation mediated by the purified soluble suppressor factor (SSF) significantly correlated with an increase in the WGA bright lymphocyte population (P<0.05). A significantly greater number of WGA bright lymphocytes in PBL was found in patients with esophageal, gastric, breast, or colon cancer, than in those with benign diseases or in healthy controls. Furthermore, an increase in WGA bright lymphocytes was found in subsets expressing the antigens CD8 dimly or CD16. Thus, it is suggested that the number of WGA binding sites may increase mainly on the surface of effector cells such as NK cells and CD8-positive killer T cells in cancer patients, triggering the negative regulation mediated by SSF.     

Water soluble contrast follow‐through in the management of adhesive small bowel obstruction: A prospective randomized trial

Objective: Postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction is the most common cause of small bowel obstructions in adults. The use of water‐soluble contrast follow‐through has been shown to be safe with a high predictive value for surgery. This study aims to evaluate the impact of contrast follow‐through on clinical outcomes of patients with adhesive small bowel obstructions. Methods: From July 1994 to June 1998, 150 patients were recruited into the study and randomized into two groups. One group (n = 75) received water‐soluble contrast follow‐through within 24 h of admission, whereas the control group (n = 75) did not. Both groups were put on conservative management and the outcomes measured included operative rate, postoperative morbidities, length of hospital stay and mortality. Results: The operative rate of both groups was similar (33.3 vs 38.7%, P = 0.496). The preoperative observation period (42 vs 65 h. P = 0.014) and the total median hospital stay (5 vs 7 days, P = 0.025) of the contrast group were significantly shorter than those of the control group. No significant difference could be found between the two groups in terms of postoperative morbidities and mortalities. Conclusions: In managing patients suspected to have adhesive small bowel obstruction, water‐soluble contrast follow‐through expedites the decision process for surgical intervention, which translates into a shorter hospital stay.      

戊聚糖提取工艺中分离蛋白质方法的比较

作者通过综合考虑除蛋白质方法对戊聚糖得率,戊聚糖中阿魏酸质量分数等4项指标的影响,对提取戊聚糖工艺中常用的5种分离蛋白质方法进行比较,确定了除蛋白质的最优方法.