二叶主动脉瓣关闭不全修复手术的早中期临床结果

目的探讨主动脉瓣修复手术在二叶主动脉瓣关闭不全中应用的早中期临床结果。方法本研究为回顾性队列研究。回顾性分析2017年1月至2023年6月在中国医学科学院阜外医院心血管外科接受主动脉瓣修复手术的124例二叶主动脉瓣关闭不全患者的临床资料。男性117例, 女性7例, 年龄(38.1±12.7)岁(范围:14～65岁), 根据主动脉窦部是否置换, 手术方式分为保留主动脉瓣的根部替换术(主动脉根部再植术、重塑术、改良重塑术)和单纯主动脉瓣修复手术(主动脉瓣环环缩、单纯主动脉瓣叶修复)。收集患者的围手术期与随访资料。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存率、免于主动脉瓣中大量关闭不全复发率及免于二次手术率曲线, 组间比较采用Log-rank检验。结果主动脉根部再植术47例, 主动脉根部重塑术8例, 改良重塑术8例, 主动脉瓣环环缩48例(成形环环缩22例, CV-0缝线环缩26例), 单纯瓣叶修复13例。瓣叶折叠是最常用的瓣叶修复技术, 103例患者使用。心肺转流时间为(133.7±56.9)min(范围:48～461 min), 主动脉阻断时间为(103.8±47.8)min(范围:25～3...     

自体肺动脉瓣移植术治疗先天性主动脉瓣病变

目的　总结自体肺动脉瓣移植手术 (Ross手术 )治疗先天性主动脉瓣病变的疗效。方法　自 1994年 10月至 2 0 0 3年 11月 ,共收治 2 0例先天性主动脉瓣病变患者行Ross手术治疗 ,其中男 15例 ,女 5例 ,平均年龄 2 5岁 ;术前诊断 :主动脉瓣二瓣畸形 12例 ,主动脉瓣叶脱垂 5例 ,瓣叶发育不良 3例 ,合并亚急性细菌性心内膜炎 4例 ,合并室间隔缺损 2例。术前超声心动图检查 (UCG)示所有患者均存在主动脉瓣狭窄或 /并关闭不全 (中重度 )。左心室舒张末内径 (LVDD) (6 0 5 1±11 87)mm ,主动脉瓣跨瓣压差 (2 7 0 4± 6 80 )mmHg。心功能 (NYHA分级 )Ⅱ级 17例 ,Ⅲ级 3例。所有病例均在全麻体外循环中度低温下进行 ,手术分三步进行 :(1)采取自体肺动脉瓣 ;(2 )切除病变的主动脉瓣并移植自体肺动脉瓣于主动脉位 ;(3)利用同种动脉瓣重建右心室流出道。结果　全组患者无手术死亡 ;左心室舒张末内径明显缩小 ,为 (46 38± 9 17)mm (t=3 4 0 0 7,P =0 0 0 0 8) ,术后主动脉跨瓣压差降至正常范围 (6 80± 0 19)mmHg。术后随访 3个月至 9年 ,所有患者的主动脉瓣、肺动脉瓣结构及功能正常。结论　自体肺动脉瓣移植手术是一种临床疗效好的治疗先天性主动脉瓣病变的手术方法 ,近中期效果良好。     

主动脉瓣成形术治疗主动脉瓣关闭不全进展

主动脉瓣成形术治疗主动脉瓣关闭不全是利用外科技术在保留患者自身瓣膜结构基础上对病变的主动脉瓣结构进行修复、成形,以达到恢复其生理功能的目的。根据主动脉瓣不同的病变性质和程度,成形范围包括瓣叶和瓣环。与主动脉瓣置换术相比,主动脉瓣成形术保留了自体瓣膜的完整、左室功能恢复较好、手术死亡率低,无须终生抗凝,适用于任何年龄的患者。本文就主动脉瓣成形术治疗主动脉瓣关闭不全的临床进展情况进行综述。     

小主动脉瓣环患者主动脉瓣置换术41例

目的总结主动脉瓣环加宽后的主动脉瓣置换术治疗小主动脉瓣环合并主动脉瓣病变患者的临床经验。方法对41例小主动脉瓣环合并主动脉瓣病变患者(瓣环直径为15~21 mm)行主动脉瓣环加宽后的主动脉瓣置换术,主动脉瓣环加宽采用改良N icks法11例,改良M anougn ian法29例,K onno法1例。结果41例患者主动脉瓣环加宽后都可以植入比测量的主动脉瓣环直径大1#或2#的主动脉瓣,无手术死亡。术后所有患者随访4~36个月(13±2个月),无死亡、瓣周漏、二尖瓣反流和主动脉扩张;超声心动图检查示:人工瓣跨瓣峰值压差为9~25mmHg(17±6mmHg),与术前的70~105mmHg(80±15mmHg)比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论小主动脉瓣环合并主动脉瓣病变患者,在置换主动脉瓣时先行主动脉瓣环加宽,能使患者在术后获得良好的血流动力学效果,是一种安全、有效的手术术式。     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

目的 分析影响Ross手术后中、远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素.方法 自1998年3月至2007年7月,47例主动脉瓣瓣膜疾病病人接受Ross手术,其中男25例,女22例;平均年龄(13.31±5.79)岁.术前诊断风湿性心脏病6例,先天性心脏病41例.病人均采用经胸超声评价主动脉瓣反流情况,采用Logistic:回归分析主动脉瓣反流危险因素.结果 全部病例随访(36.15±22.1)个月,均生存.主动脉窦径及主动脉瓣环直径均较术前明显增加,新主动脉瓣免于轻度以上反流率为82.9%.Logistic回归分析发现,术前主动脉瓣二瓣化畸形、术前主动脉瓣环扩大及病人年龄大于14岁为术后主动脉瓣反流的危险因素.结论 Ross手术治疗主动脉瓣膜疾病安全、有效,主动脉瓣可随机体发育而生长,其中、远期效果满意.年龄大于14岁、术前主动脉瓣环扩大及术前主动脉瓣二瓣化畸形是增加Ross手术后主动脉瓣反流的危险因素.     

Ross-Konno手术治疗儿童主动脉瓣及瓣下狭窄的临床疗效

目的评价Ross-Konno手术治疗儿童主动脉瓣及瓣下狭窄的早期临床疗效。方法 2018年12月至2019年12月,共12例患儿因主动脉瓣及瓣下狭窄在我科接受手术治疗,其中男8例、女4例,接受手术时中位年龄4岁(11个月~12岁)。Ross-Konno手术11例,单纯Ross手术1例。主动脉瓣重度狭窄8例,主动脉瓣关闭不全2例,狭窄合并关闭不全2例。合并主动脉二瓣化畸形6例,瓣下流出道显著狭窄4例,合并二尖瓣病变4例,合并弓部病变3例。手术采用自体肺动脉带瓣管道移植于主动脉瓣位,同期采用Konno法扩大左室流出道。采用牛颈静脉或带瓣Gore-tex人工血管重建右室流出道,并同期矫治心内合并畸形。所有患者均经多普勒彩色超声心动图定期进行随访评估。结果全组无手术死亡。术后中位随访时间5.5(1~12)个月,1例患儿残余左室流出道中度狭窄,其余患儿无显著左室流出道残余梗阻或复发梗阻,无新主动脉瓣显著反流。1例患儿肺动脉带瓣管道主干中度狭窄,余重建右室流出道血流通畅,无明显瓣膜反流及赘生物形成。结论对于不适合瓣膜成形或置换术的儿童主动脉瓣膜病变,Ross-Konno手术早期结果满意。     

主动脉瓣叶牛心包置换术的护理配合

对309例主动脉瓣关闭不全患者给予切除病变瓣叶并用牛心包重建主动脉瓣叶,均成功修复主动脉瓣,术后11d内均出院,无不良症状;术后不需口服抗凝药,随访期间牛心包瓣叶运动良好,未见瓣叶钙化、僵硬等结构性衰败现象。提出器械护士术前必须熟悉手术步骤,了解主刀医生习惯,充分准备器械用物,提供精确测量工具,术中密切观察手术进展,默契配合;巡回护士耐心做好患者心理护理,合理安置体位,做好各项保温措施,仔细核对患者信息和高值耗材,密切关注手术进展,积极供应台上物品,是手术顺利安全完成的有力保证。     

Ross手术的临床应用

目的　报告 6例Ross手术的临床经验和手术结果。方法　自 1998年 3月至 1999年 10月 ,6例主动脉瓣瓣膜疾病病人中男 3例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 4～ 38岁 ,平均 (14± 12 )岁。诊断为主动脉瓣二瓣化畸形伴狭窄 3例 ,其中 1例伴有室间隔缺损 ;主动脉瓣脱垂 2例 ;单纯主动脉瓣狭窄 1例。均接受了Ross手术。结果　无手术死亡 ,全部治愈出院 ,随访效果满意。结论　Ross手术安全、效果好 ,可适于某些主动脉瓣瓣膜病变 ,尤其适合于小儿及年轻病人     

主动脉瓣重度狭窄171例外科治疗分析

目的 总结主动脉瓣重度狭窄行瓣膜置换术患者的外科治疗经验.方法 1990年12月至2006年12月共有171例主动脉瓣重度狭窄患者接受主动脉瓣置换术.其中男性135例,女性36例;年龄10-75岁,平均(45.8±15.6)岁;病程2个月-52年.主动脉瓣病变的病因依次为风湿性75例、老年性66例、二叶瓣畸形26例及其他先天性主动脉瓣畸形4例.单独主动脉瓣置换124例,主动脉瓣置换+升主动脉置换7例,主动脉瓣置换+冠状动脉旁路移植5例,主动脉瓣置换+二尖瓣成形19例,主动脉瓣置换+升主动脉成形8例,主动脉瓣置换+主动脉根部拓宽8例(Nicks法).结果 全组患者平均手术时间(4.4±0.6)h,心肺转流时间(124.7±38.5)min,其中主动脉阻断时间(78.3±21.7)min,术中平均出血量(754.5±518.4)ml,所有患者均顺利完成手术并脱离心肺转流.术后早期并发症发生率为12.3%(21/171),包括低心排血量综合征7例,多脏器功能衰竭3例,心内膜炎1例,肾功能不全4例,心室颤动1例,开胸止血2例,Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞2例,纵隔感染1例.全组手术死亡率5.8%(10/171),死于心力衰竭4例,心律失常1例,多脏器功能衰竭4例,感染性心内膜炎1例.结论 主动脉瓣重度狭窄患者的外科治疗对手术技术及围手术期处理经验要求较高,积极行瓣膜置换手术效果满意.     

Ross 手术治疗先天性主动脉瓣膜疾病

目的　总结 Ross手术治疗先天性主动脉瓣膜疾病的临床经验和手术结果。　方法　自 1998年 3月至2 0 0 2年 7月 ,16例主动脉瓣膜疾病患者 (平均年龄 14 .0± 9.9岁 )接受 Ross手术 ,即自体肺动脉瓣移植术。诊断为主动脉瓣二瓣化畸形 ,主动脉瓣狭窄 9例 ,主动脉瓣发育不良呈穹隆状狭窄 2例 ;主动脉瓣脱垂 5例 ,其中合并室间隔缺损和动脉导管未闭各 1例。　结果　无手术死亡 ,全部患者治愈出院。随访 1～ 4 8个月 ,平均 30± 13个月 ,无远期死亡 ,无瓣膜相关并发症。所有患者心功能 级。超声心动图提示主动脉瓣及同种肺动脉瓣功能良好 ,仅 1例患者主动脉瓣有极少量反流 ;所有患者主动脉瓣跨瓣压差 2 .1± 0 .8mm Hg(1k Pa=7.5 mm Hg) ,左心室流出道及主动脉瓣环随着年龄的生长而增长 ,平均瓣环直径较术后增加 4 .0± 2 .1mm。　结论　 Ross手术治疗主动脉瓣膜疾病安全 ,效果好 ,随机体发育而生长 ,可适于某些主动脉瓣瓣膜疾病 ,尤其适于小儿及年轻患者。     

完全性大动脉转位一期动脉调转术后ICU延迟恢复的临床特征及影响因素分析

目的 总结完全性大动脉转位(TGA)一期大动脉调转(ASO)术后早期临床特点及围术期处理策略,评价年龄结构及畸形复杂程度对术后恢复进程的影响,并分析导致术后ICU延迟恢复的相关风险因素.方法 回顾性分析2015-2017年我院连续231例行一期ASO手术的TGA患儿临床资料,其中男165例、女66例,年龄3d至10岁....     

Aortic valve surgery in octogenarians: predictive factors for operative and long-term results.

OBJECTIVE: To assess factors influencing operative and long-term outcome in octogenarians undergoing aortic valve surgery (AVR). METHODS: Records of 220 consecutive octogenarians having AVR between 1992 and 2004 were reviewed, and follow-up obtained (99% complete). Of the group (mean age: 82.8 years; 174 females), 142 patients (65%) were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV, 22 (10%) had previous myocardial infarction, 11 (5%) had previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and 8 (4%) had percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty. There were 44 urgent procedures (20%), and additional CABG was performed in 58 patients (26%). RESULTS: Operative mortality was 13% (9% for AVR, 24% for AVR+CABG). Among the 29 patients who died, 14 (48%) were operated on urgently (32% mortality for urgent procedures). Causes of hospital death were respiratory insufficiency or infection in 16 patients (16/29=55%), myocardial infarction in 8 (28%), stroke in 2 (7%), sepsis in 2 (7%), and renal failure in 1 (3%). Significant postoperative complications were atrial fibrillation in 48 patients (22%), respiratory insufficiency in 46 (21%), permanent atrio-ventricular bloc in 12 (5%), myocardial infarction in 10 (5%), hemodialysis in 4 (2%), and stroke in 4 (2%). Mean hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays were 17.6+/-5.2 and 6.9+/-3.4 days, respectively. Multivariate predictors (p<0.05) of hospital death were urgent procedure, associated CABG, NYHA class IV, and percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty. Age, associated CABG, and urgent procedure were predictors of prolonged ICU stay. Mean follow-up was 58.2 months and actuarial 5-year survival was 73.2+/-6.9%. Age, preoperative myocardial infarction, urgent procedure, and duration of ICU stay were independent predictors of late death. Among 130 patients alive at follow-up, 91% were angina free and 81% in class I-II. CONCLUSIONS: AVR in octogenarians can be performed with acceptable mortality, although significant morbidity. These results stress the importance of early operation on elderly patients with aortic valve disease, avoiding urgent procedures. Associated coronary artery disease is a harbinger of poor operative outcome. Long-term survival and functional recovery are excellent.     

Surgical therapy of congenital aortic valvular stenosis in neonates and infants

The preoperative evaluation, surgical course, and early follow-up results of 5 infants less than 4 months of age who underwent aortic valvotomy for severe valvular stenosis between 1983 and 1985 were reviewed to determine the early prognosis of these neonates. Two of the 5 patients had been used respiratory support due to severe congestive heart failure and dyspnea. Emergency aortic valvotomy was performed in all during cardio-pulmonary bypass which achieve maximal relief of the stenosis without significant causing aortic insufficiency. There was a single operative death and there was one late death at 2 months after surgery who was regarded to have a extensive endocardial fibroelastosis. The other three patients have had a favorable early prognosis during mean follow-up period of 1.78 (0.4-3.8) years. They had been followed by means of two-dimensional and doppler echocardiography, which inferred that the aortic pressure gradient had been kept under 41 mmHg and which indicated that there were no LV enlargement to prove significant aortic valve insufficiency. These results indicate that early infants with severe valvular stenosis can undergo sufficient valvotomy safely and have a favorable early prognosis.     

低体重婴幼儿先天性室间隔缺损外科修补术后延迟恢复的风险因素分析

目的 探讨体重≤5.0kg的低体重婴幼儿行室间隔缺损修补术延迟恢复及并发症的风险因素.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年7月在我院接受室间隔缺损修补术且体重≤ 5.0 kg 86例患者的临床资料,其中男31例、女55例,年龄17～266(80.3±40.4)d,体重2.5～5.0(4.4±0.6)kg.室间隔缺...     

机器人辅助与全胸腔镜下不停跳房间隔缺损修补术的疗效观察

目的观察采用机器人手术系统(Da Vinci Si)辅助或全胸腔镜进行体外循环心脏不停跳下房间隔缺损(atrial septal defects,ASD)修补手术的近期临床效果。方法回顾性分析安徽医科大学第一附属医院2015年1月至2018年12月行机器人辅助下或全胸腔镜下ASD修补手术50例患者的临床资料。依据手术方式不同将患者分为机器人组和全胸腔镜组。机器人组35例,男11例、女24例,平均年龄(42.1±16.8)岁;全胸腔镜组15例,男8例、女7例,平均年龄(38.4±10.9)岁。随访期间,通过心脏多普勒超声心动图记录左心室射血分数、左心房直径、右心房直径、右心室舒张末期内径。记录并比较手术时间、体外循环时间、呼吸机使用时间、术后ICU滞留时间、术后住院时间、围手术期胸腔引流量、早期并发症。结果围手术期机器人组手术时间[(3.8±0.3)h vs.(6.1±1.4)h]、体外循环时间[(72.3±10.4)min vs.(139.1±32.8)min]、呼吸机使用时间[(5.5±1.2)h vs.(9.5±2.1)h]、术后住院时间[(6.7±0.5)d vs.(9.8±0.6)d]及胸腔引流量[(253.4±26.8)mL vs.(289.3±29.5)mL]均短于或少于全胸腔镜组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而术后并发症发生率等方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。全部患者术后1个月复查心脏彩超,扩张的右心房、右心室及左心房较术前缩小。结论对于ASD修补手术的患者,机器人辅助及全胸腔镜下均可取得良好效果,但在手术时间、体外循环时间、呼吸机使用时间、术后住院时间及胸腔引流量方面,机器人组更有优势。     

Pulmonary artery blood temperature at admission to the intensive care unit is predictive of outcome after on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether pulmonary artery blood (PA) temperature on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) is predictive of postoperative outcome after isolated on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). DESIGN: A retrospective study on 1639 patients who underwent isolated on-pump CABG in whom PA temperature at admission to the ICU was available for review. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients (2.0%) died during the in-hospital stay and 87 patients (5.3%) developed low cardiac output syndrome. PA temperature at admission to the ICU was significantly associated with an increased risk of overall postoperative death (p = 0.002), cardiac death (p = 0.03), and low cardiac output syndrome (p < 0.0001), and was significantly correlated with prolonged length of ICU stay (p < 0.0001) and postoperative bleeding (p = 0.001). Patients with high PA temperature had significantly more severe comorbidities, and longer aortic cross-clamping and cardiopulmonary bypass time. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that PA temperature at admission to the ICU in predicting postoperative death had an area under the curve of 0.660 (p = 0.002) and its best cut-off value was 36.4 degrees C (sensitivity: 63.6%, specificity: 65.2%). When the PA temperature at admission to the ICU was > or = 36.4 degrees C, the postoperative mortality and low cardiac output syndrome rates were 3.6 and 8.3%, whereas they were 1.1 and 3.7% when the PA temperature at admission to the ICU was < 36.4 degrees C (p = 0.001, p < 0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients having a PA temperature > or =36.4 degrees C at admission to the ICU after CABG seem to be at higher risk of poor postoperative outcome.     

Aortic valve replacement in severe aortic stenosis with left ventricular dysfunction: determinants of cardiac mortality and ventricular function recovery

Objective: The influence of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction on survival of patients with severe aortic stenosis is poorly characterized. Few data are available about preoperative predictors of cardiac mortality and LV function recovery after aortic valve replacement of such patients. The aim of our study was to examine the outcome and the preoperative predictors of postoperative cardiac death and of LV function recovery in these patients. Methods: We evaluated 85 consecutive patients with severe aortic stenosis (aortic valve area <1 cm²) and severe depression of LV ejection fraction (EF) <35% at cardiac catheterization. Among them, 52 underwent aortic valve replacement and they were compared to patients who were not operated on. All patients had a mean clinical follow-up of 53 months and 94% of them had a mean echocardiographic follow-up of 14 months after aortic valve replacement. Results: The mean baseline characteristics included: LVEF 28±6%, peak-to-peak transvalvular gradient 51±29 mmHg, aortic valve area 0.63±0.25 cm². Thirty-three patients did not undergo aortic valve replacement: 32 of them died within 3 years. Fifty-two patients underwent aortic valve replacement and 16 had a concomitant coronary bypass surgery. In-hospital mortality was 8%. Postoperative NYHA functional class changed from 2.84±0.67 to 1.43±0.44 (P<0.001) and LVEF from 29±6% to 43±10% (P<0.001). At follow-up 10 patients died of heart disease. By multivariate analysis, preoperative LV end-systolic volume index (ESVI) was the only covariate of cardiac death (LVESVI/10 ml/m², OR 1.3, CI 1.1–1.8, P<0.028). By using a receiver operating characteristic curve, LVESVI≤90 ml/m² was the best cut-off value (sensitivity and specificity 78%) to fit with a better survival (93% vs. 63%, P<0.01) and with LVEF recovery after aortic valve replacement (EF improved by 15±10% vs. 8±5%, P<0.001). Conclusions: Despite LV dysfunction, aortic valve replacement appears to change drastically the natural history of severe aortic stenosis. Preoperative LV levels predict different postoperative survival rate and LVEF recovery.     

心外管道全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术在复杂先天性心脏病外科治疗中的应用

目的总结心外管道全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术治疗复杂先天性心脏病的应用经验及其治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2006年9月至2012年12月间广州军区广州总医院心脏外科中心52例行心外管道全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术患者的临床资料。12例行一期心外管道全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术,40例为双向Glenn手术后行二期心外管道全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术。分析所有患者的临床资料,并比较两种手术方式患者的死亡率、并发症发生率、住院时间、住重症监护室（ICU）时间、机械辅助通气时间、动脉血氧饱和度的改善情况等。结果围术期死亡2例,死亡率3．8％。其中1例术后因严重低心排血量综合征死亡,1例术后因多器官功能衰竭死亡;50例治愈出院。二期心外管道全腔静脉．肺动脉连接术患者（40例肌械辅助通气时间、住ICU时间、住院时间明显短于一期心外管道全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术患者（12例）,但两种手术方式患者术后并发症发生率及术后动脉血氧饱和度（二期手术与一期手术比较：93％±3％vs．94％±3％）、死亡率（二期手术与一期手术比较：2．5％vs．8．3％）差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。随访45例（90％）,随访时间6～52个月,随访期间无死亡。术后3个月,存活患者心功能均为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,心脏彩色超声心动图显示：腔静脉肺动脉吻合口血流通畅。结论心外管道全腔静脉．肺动脉连接术血流动力学更符合生理血流动力学特点,手术操作简捷,是不能进行双心室治疗时的有效手术术式;分期心外管道全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术较一期心外管道全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术手术适应证广泛,术后恢复较好,更易推广。     

永存第五弓残存伴狭窄合并主动脉弓中断的外科治疗

目的总结永存第五弓残存伴狭窄合并主动脉弓中断的外科治疗经验,以提高手术疗效。方法自2000年1月至2008年5月,共手术治疗永存第五弓残存伴狭窄合并主动脉弓中断5例,手术年龄1．8～108．0个月,体重3．7～31．0kg。3例患者术前存在慢性心功能不全及反复呼吸道感染,5例患者均一期纠治第五弓狭窄／及合并的心血管畸形。结果手术死亡2例,1例术后并发心功能不全,肺动脉高压危象,严重肺部感染,依赖呼吸机,撤机困难,家属放弃治疗;另1例合并室间隔缺损,肺动脉高压,死于反应性肺动脉高压危象、低心排血量综合征和左心功能衰竭。术后随访3例,随访时间55．67±48．64个月,随访期间无死亡,无并发症发生。其中1例患者已随访8年,恢复正常学习,心脏磁共振成像（MRI）提示：第五弓与降主动脉连接处（Gore—Tex补片扩大修补处）轻度狭窄,直径9．3mm。结论永存第五弓残存伴狭窄合并主动脉弓中断患者手术采用胸骨正中切口径路,操作简便,暴露清楚,剖面小,有利于术后恢复。由于该病晚期亦出现体动脉高压,应尽早明确诊断及时手术治疗。     

Middle aortic syndrome. Effectiveness and durability of complex arterial revascularization techniques.

Middle aortic syndrome typically occurs as severe hypertension in young patients who have weak or absent femoral pulses and an abdominal bruit. It results from a diffuse narrowing of the distal thoracic and abdominal aorta, commonly involving the visceral and renal arteries. The clinical presentation, angiographic assessment, and surgical outcome of 10 patients (mean age: 19.5 years) who underwent one-stage revascularization for middle aortic syndrome were reviewed to determine the effectiveness and durability of one-stage revascularization techniques to relieve these complications. All patients were hypertensive (mean blood pressure: 176 mmHg); six (60%) had severe, poorly controlled hypertension, two of whom had previous failed operations for renovascular hypertension and one who presented with malignant hypertension and acute renal failure. Five patients had disabling myocardial insufficiency, only one of whom had documented coronary artery disease. Four patients had intermittent claudication. Aortography showed variable length high-grade midaortic stenosis, nine had visceral artery involvement, and eight had renal artery involvement. All patients underwent one-stage revascularization by a variety of autogenous and prosthetic techniques. The postoperative recovery was uncomplicated in eight of nine patients and was often associated with dramatic reduction in blood pressure. There was a single death from disruption of the thoracic anastomosis in a patient who had diffuse cystic medial necrosis of the aorta. Arterial biopsy in nine patients indicated evidence for both acquired and congenital origins of the midaortic stenosis. Late follow-up evaluation (mean: 4.1 years) showed normal growth and development, preservation of renal function, and relief of myocardial insufficiency in all patients. Seven patients (77%) are cured of their hypertension, and two (23%) have only mild hypertension. These results indicate that one-stage revascularization of patients with middle aortic syndrome can result in effective and durable relief of these severe life-threatening complications.