沥青挥发气体对小鼠骨髓细胞致突变的研究

目的　探讨沥青挥发气体对小鼠骨髓细胞的致突变影响。方法　用沥青挥发气体对小鼠分组染毒( 1 5、3 0、45、60d)后 ,观察小鼠骨髓细胞微核率和姐妹染色单体 (SCE)变化 ,以正常饲养组小鼠骨髓细胞作比较。结果　染毒各组与对照组之间的微核率、SCE均有差异 ,且染毒时间对小鼠骨髓细胞的致突变影响呈正相关 ;除1 5d组和对照组的差异无显著性(P >0 .0 5 )外 ,其他各组和对照组比较差异显著 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论　沥青挥发气体对动物细胞有致突变影响。     

异丙莠对小鼠的致突变作用研究

目的 观察异丙莠对雄性小鼠体细胞和生殖细胞的致突变作用.方法 将体质量20～26 g(精子畸形实验小鼠为15～18 g)健康小鼠125只随机分为5组,分别为阴性对照组(蒸馏水)、阳性对照组(环磷酰胺)和异丙莠染毒3个剂量组(剂量分别为30.0、60.0、120.0 mg/kg),分4次腹腔注射染毒,每次间隔24 h,观察小鼠骨髓细胞微核率、外周血微核率、骨髓细胞染色体畸变率、精子畸形率以及睾丸染色体畸变率.结果 异丙莠染毒120 mg/kg剂量组骨髓微核发生率显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05);异丙莠染毒60、120 mg/kg剂量组外周血微核发生率和精子畸形率显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05);异丙莠染毒各剂量组致骨髓染色体和睾丸染色体畸变率显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05).结论 异丙莠对小鼠体细胞和生殖细胞均具有致突变性,具有一定的遗传毒性和生殖毒性作用.     

有机磷农药对小鼠生殖细胞毒性作用的实验研究

目的 探讨有机磷农药敌百虫(dipterex,Dip)和敌敌畏(DDV)联合染毒对雄性小鼠生殖细胞的毒性作用.方法 选择雄性小鼠32只,随机分为4组(3个染毒组和1个对照组)每组8只.染毒组小鼠每天分别给予2、10、50mg/kg剂量Dip和2、10、50 mg/kg剂量DDV,经口染毒;对照组给予等容积的生理盐水.每天每只小鼠染毒1次,连续染毒27 d.首次染毒后35 d处死小鼠,观察精子数量、精子活率、精子畸形率及骨髓细胞微核率的变化.结果 Dip、DDV联合染毒中、高剂量组精子数量、精子活率均低于对照组,精子畸形率、骨髓细胞微核率均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义,并呈剂量-反应关系.结论 Dip、DDV联合染毒可引起雄性小鼠生殖细胞的遗传损伤,导致生殖毒性效应,并具有致突变作用.     

河豚毒素诱发小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变、小鼠骨髓细胞微核及小鼠精子畸变的研究

目的 :探讨河豚毒素 ( TTX)的药用价值 ,检测其是否有潜在的致突变作用。方法 :采用小鼠精子畸变试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和染色体畸变试验进行观察。结果 :河豚毒素未引起小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率、小鼠精子畸变率和小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变率增加 ,与阴性对照组比较无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5) ,但 3项试验的阳性对照组与阴性对照组比较 ,则有高度显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 1 )。 结论 :提示 TTX无致突变性。     

用气态染毒法研究二氯甲烷的致突变性

作者用Ames 1983年推荐的四个新测试菌株对二氯甲烷进行Ames常规法和气态法的比较,并进行了4次气态染毒的小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验。Ames常规法为阴性结果,而气态法-S_9TA_(98)菌株从11.08-709.33mg/L的全部9个浓度,及TA_(100)菌株从22.17-709.33mg/L的8个浓度出现致突变阳性结果。小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验虽经多次染毒但未能诱发微核率的增高。     

山萸肉水提液对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞、睾丸染色体和精子的致突变性

目的 :探讨山萸肉水提液对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞、睾丸染色体和精子的致突变性。方法 :采用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞 (PCE)微核法、小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验和小鼠精子畸形试验 ,观察不同剂量山萸肉水提液 (10g/kg,5g/kg ,2 .5g/kg)和阴性对照 (蒸馏水 )、阳性对照 (环磷酰胺 )作用后 ,小鼠染色体畸变率、精子畸形率及PCE微核率。结果 :山萸肉水提物的各个剂量组小鼠睾丸染色体畸变率、小鼠精子畸形率及骨髓细胞微核率 ,与阴性对照组相比 ,差异均无统计学意义 ;但与阳性对照组相比 ,差异均有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :山萸肉水提液对小鼠均没有染色体与细胞水平上的损伤作用 ,不能引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核率的升高。     

环磷酰胺对小鼠遗传和生殖毒性影响的研究(1)--对骨髓细胞微核和染色体的影响

目的探讨不同剂量的环磷酰胺对小鼠骨髓细胞微核和染色体的影响。方法骨髓细胞微核试验,40只小鼠随机分为4组,3个实验组分别腹腔注射环磷酰胺10mg/kg、20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg,于染毒后24 h、48 h取小鼠胸骨髓,计数小鼠骨髓细胞微核率;骨髓染色体畸变试验,16只小鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺30 mg/kg,连续5 d染毒,第5 d 染毒后6 h取双侧股骨骨髓,计数小鼠染色体畸变率,评价环磷酰胺对小鼠的毒性作用程度。结果小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺各剂量组骨髓细胞微核发生率显著高于对照组(P<0．05);染色体畸变率亦高于对照组,且有非常显著性差异(P<0．01)。结论腹腔注射环磷酰胺可诱导小鼠染色体损伤。     

双苯氟嗪小鼠急性毒性及体内致突变毒性评价

目的考察双苯氟嗪 (dipfluzine)对小鼠的急性毒性及体内致突变毒性。 方法小鼠灌胃给予双苯氟嗪 ,计算LD50 ;微核实验设 6组 :空白对照组 (水 )、溶剂对照组 (5g/L羧甲基纤维素钠 )、阳性对照组 (环磷酰胺 )、和双苯氟嗪 3个剂量组 (2 .8、1 .4和 0 .7g/kg) ,于给药 2 4h后取骨髓 ,计数各组骨髓细胞微核率 ;骨髓细胞染色体畸变实验 :小鼠给药与分组同微核试验 ,分别于给药 1 2、2 4、4 8h后取骨髓进行染色体畸变分析。结果小鼠灌胃给予双苯氟嗪LD50 为 (5 6 81± 6 5 0 )mg/kg ;剂量分别为 2 .8、1 .4和 0 .7g/kg时 ,微核实验和骨髓细胞染色体畸变实验中 ,各给药组骨髓细胞微核率和染色体畸变率与空白对照组比较均无显著性差异 (P均 >0 .0 5 ) ,也无剂量反应关系 ,实验结果均为阴性。结论双苯氟嗪在小鼠体内无致突变作用。     

甲醛灌胃染毒对小鼠骨髓细胞微核率的影响

目的：研究甲醛灌胃染毒对小鼠骨髓细胞微核率的影响。方法：ICR小鼠30只,雌雄各半,随机分为4个组,即空白对照组、阳性对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组,每组10只,雌雄各半,用灌胃的方法给予实验组小鼠甲醛,1次／d,连续5d,阳性对照组给予环磷酰胺。染毒结束后,处死小鼠,取小鼠骨髓进行涂片,在显微镜下观察并计数含微核的嗜多染红细胞,并计算微核率。结果：高剂量组的微核率为（8．41±2．45）‰,低剂量组的微核率为（1．82±1．30）‰,空白对照组的微核率为（0．50±0．85）‰,与空白对照组相比,高剂量组的微核率明显增加,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：甲醛灌胃染毒对小鼠骨髓细胞微核率有一定的影响,可使小鼠骨髓细胞微核率上升。     

腹腔注射烹调油烟对小鼠精子畸形率和骨髓微核率的影响

为了研究不同的染毒途径对小鼠遗传物质损伤及致突变性的影响 ,本文采用昆明纯种小鼠 ,经腹腔注射烹调油烟冷凝物染毒。结果观察到 :油烟冷凝物染毒组 ,精子的畸形率增高 (与阴性对照组比较 ,P<0 .0 1) ,微核率增高 (与阴性对照组比较 ,P <0 .0 1)。提示 :烹调油烟冷凝物可以导致小鼠精子畸变率增加 ,微核率增加 ,其原因可能与染色体畸变和基因突变有关     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.