冠心病介入术后并发假性动脉瘤20例原因分析及护理

目的探讨冠心病介入术（percutaneous coronary intervention，PCI）术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤的原因及护理，以减少PCI术后假性动脉瘤的发生率。方法回顾性分析2003年1月-2007年12月我科20例经PCI术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤的临床资料。结果20例均治愈，其中14例徒手压迫，6例行超声引导下压迫，其中2例局部注射了少量凝血酶。结论PCI术后患者发生股动脉假性动脉瘤与术前使用抗凝和抗血小板药物、患者的依从性、不正确的穿刺、术后压迫包扎不当等有关，而对患者采取及时、准确、合理的护理措施，可减少假性动脉瘤的发生。     

冠状动脉介入诊疗术后并发假性动脉瘤的护理体会

目的:探讨冠心病介入术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤的原因及护理体会。方法:2006年1月至2007年1月我科4例经PCI术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤。结果:4例均治愈,其中2例徒手压迫,2例行超声引导下压迫。结论:PCI术后患者发生股动脉假性动脉瘤与多种因素有关:术前使用抗凝和抗血小板药物、患者的依从性、高血压病与肥胖症患者、不正确的穿刺、术后压迫包扎不当等因素有关,因此应该有合理的护理措施。     

冠心病介入术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤2例患者的护理

目的探讨冠心病介入术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤的护理措施。方法回顾总结2004年1月-2009年5月我科2例经PCI术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤的病例原因分析及治疗护理过程。结果2例均治愈,其中1例超声引导下凝血酶栓塞治疗,1例行超声引导下压迫治疗。结论PCI术后患者发生股动脉假性动脉瘤与多种因素有关,针对性制定合理的护理措施非常重要。     

股动脉穿刺术后并发假性动脉瘤相关危险因素分析及护理

目的：讨论经股动脉穿刺行介入手术后并发假性动脉瘤的相关危险因素及护理.方法：对2013年1月至2013年12月经股动脉穿刺行介入手术的204例患者进行围手术期的观察及护理,探讨发生假性动脉瘤的相关因素和护理措施.结果：204例患者中有2例在术后72 h出现假性动脉瘤.在超声定位下,徒手压迫交通口处1h后,动脉压迫器加压包扎穿刺点24～72 h后复查超声,交通口闭合,假性动脉瘤痊愈.结论：经股动脉穿刺行介入手术后并发假性动脉瘤主要与术后制动不佳、肥胖和疾病因素等有关,对介入患者围手术期实施有效的护理,预防假性动脉瘤的发生,提高护理质量,促进患者早日康复.     

冠心病介入术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤原因分析及护理

目的研究冠心病介入术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤的原因和护理效果。方法以2014年7月2016年1月为期,共选出376例冠心病患者,其均以血管介入方法进行治疗。分别记录患者并发股动脉假性动脉瘤的几率、护理后效果以及并发原因等。结果 376例患者中术后发生并发症者共3例,并发率为0.80%,经过护理干预3例患者均恢复健康。结论导致介入治疗后并发假性股动脉瘤的原因有很多,例如穿刺操作不标准、抗凝药物使用不标准、患者肥胖等,需要采取针对性的护理措施改善并发症状况。     

心脏介入相关性股动脉假性动脉瘤22例临床分析

目的:探究心脏介入术后股动脉假性动脉瘤的好发因素及防治策略。方法:心脏经股动脉介入术后发生股动脉假性动脉瘤的22例患者(观察组)及经股动脉介入术后未发生股动脉假性动脉瘤的22例患者(对照组),对比分析两组发病特点、临床表现、治疗方法及转归。结果:对照组采用常规治疗,观察组除常规治疗外,6例进行床旁反复压迫包扎,11例在超声引导下反复压迫包扎,5例行超声引导下凝血酶注射压迫。所有病例均治愈出院,无致死性并发症。结论:预防心脏介入相关性股动脉假性动脉瘤的关键是提前识别好发因素。在超声引导下无创或微创治疗心脏介入相关性股动脉假性动脉瘤是目前主要的治疗方法。     

脑血管造影及介入治疗后假性动脉瘤形成的原因及治疗

目的 探讨脑血管造影术及动脉支架王入术后股动脉假性动脉瘤发生率、发生原因和治疗效果.方法 分析192例脑血管造影术及支架置入术后发生股动脉假性动脉瘤患者临床资料和治疗情况.结果 共有15例患者发生股动脉假性动脉瘤,发生率7.8%,其中14例为动脉支架王入术患者;8例患者过早剧烈活动;发生股动脉假性动脉瘤患者平均年龄显著高于无假性动脉瘤形成者;9例患者伴原发性高血压.12例患者经手指局部压迫治愈,3例在超声引导下瘤腔凝血酶注射治愈.结论 术后抗凝、过早活动、高龄、高血压是股动脉假性动脉瘤产生的危险因素,局部压迫疗法和超声引导下瘤腔凝血酶注射是治疗假性动脉瘤的有效措施.     

医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤治疗经验

目的 探讨应用超声引导下局部压迫疗法以及手术疗法治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤的经验。方法 1995年1月至2003年5月本院治疗由动脉穿刺引起的医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤患者67例。治疗前后均有动脉彩色多普勒超声检查结果。压迫治疗39例，压迫48—96小时后，30例患者瘤腔完全闭合，其中9例因压迫治疗后假性动脉瘤腔未能完全闭合而手术。手术治疗37例，除前述9例外，28例由于假性动脉瘤体较大而直接采用手术治疗。结果 本组病例均取得满意疗效，无死亡及严重并发症发生。术后切口均I／甲愈合，彩色多普勒超声复查股动脉假性动脉瘤消失，肢体动脉血流信号良好，术后随访3—97个月，均无局部假性动脉瘤复发或肢体出现明显缺血症状。结论 两种治疗方法均安全、有效，但需根据病情选择应用。     

超声引导下压迫和凝血酶注射治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤23例报告

目的观察超声引导下压迫和凝血酶注射治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤的效果。方法回顾性分析23例接受股动脉穿刺介入治疗并发股动脉假性动脉瘤患者的临床资料及局部治疗情况。8例患者行超声引导下单纯压迫治疗,其中2例单纯压迫后行超声引导下瘤腔内凝血酶注射治疗;15例则行超声引导下瘤腔内凝血酶注射治疗,使瘤腔闭塞。结果 23例均成功闭塞,无破裂出血、动脉栓塞、血栓形成等,术后24 h、1个月随访,未见复发。结论超声引导下压迫和凝血酶注射治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤简便、安全、有效。     

彩色多普勒超声在股动脉假性动脉瘤诊治中的应用价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤的诊断价值及彩超引导下压迫修复的疗效。方法对22例经股动脉穿刺术后，穿刺部位出现博动性肿块和（或）听诊有血管杂音的患者行彩色多普勒超声检查，并在彩超引导下压迫假性动脉瘤与股动脉相通处，直至血流及频谱信号消失。治疗后经彩超复查评价其疗效。结果22例股动脉假性动脉瘤患者全部检出，与临床符合率100％（22／22）：彩超引导下2l例股动脉假性动脉瘤经压迫治愈、1例压迫后因未修复而行彩超引导下假腔内注射凝血酶后治愈。结论彩色多普勒超声对股动脉假性动脉瘤有极高的诊断价值：彩超引导下压迫修复医源性假性动脉瘤是一种简单、有效、安全的方法，可作为临床首选的治疗方式。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.