双侧丘脑底核脑深部电刺激治疗帕金森病

1　临床资料患者 ,男 ,6 1岁 ,面部表情刻板 ,行动缓慢 ,双下肢抖动 ,诊断为帕金森病 ,开始服用美多巴 (Ｍａｄｏｐａ) ,6 2 .5ｍｇ/次 ,每日 3次 ,92年 10月因双手抖动加重伴僵硬感 ,碎步 ,将美多巴增加至 12 5ｍｇ/次 ,每日 4次 ,Ｌ -ｄｏｐａ总量为0 .4ｇ/日 ,8年后出现药物     

双侧丘脑底核脑深部电刺激治疗帕金森病

目的 应用双侧丘脑底核脑深部电刺激（DBS）治疗难治性帕金森病（PD），并对其疗效作出评价。方法 对7例帕金森病患者采用磁共振导向立体定向及术中电生理验证方法，将刺激电极分别植入丘脑底核，采用同期或分期植入刺激发生器。术后1周用程控计算机在体外调速刺激参数，以达到最佳疗效。结果 6例患者术后均获得了显著的疗效。震颤完全消失，肌强直、步态、姿障碍以及药物所致的并发症明显,面时多巴胺类药物用量明显减少，1例曾接爱双侧丘脑腹中间核及一侧苍白球毁损后的患者只得到了轻度改善。结论 DBS法治疗中晚期PD，具有安全，副作用可逆转的优点，且可根据患者的不同状况及病情发展调节刺激参数达到最佳症状控制，完全控制震颤，明显改善肌张力障碍、步态、资势等运动障碍及药物所致的并发症，另外多巴胺类药物的用量也明显减少。     

双侧丘脑底核脑深部电刺激术治疗帕金森病的疗效分析

目的 探讨双侧丘脑底核脑深部电刺激术（STN-DBS）治疗药物难以控制或副反应难以耐受的帕金森病（PD）的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2015年6月至2019年6月双侧STN-DBS治疗药物难以控制或副反应难以耐受的171例PD的临床资料。术后6个月采用第三版统一帕金森病评分量表（UPDRS-Ⅲ）评分及第二版世界卫生组织生活质量评定量表（WHO-QOL-2）评分评估疗效。结果 术后6个月,UPDRS-Ⅲ评分明显降低（P<0.05）,WHO-QOL-2评分明显增高（P<0.05）。术后抗PD药物使用剂量明显降低（P<0.05）。术后发生颅内出血1例（0.58%）,切口感染3例（1.75%）,排异反应2例（1.17%）,癫痫发作1例（0.58%）,因设备故障更换脉冲发生器1例（0.58%）,体重增加12例（7.01%）,构音障碍8例（4.67%）,睁眼困难4例（2.34%）,智力减退4例（2.34%）。结论 对于药物难以控制及副反应难以耐受的PD病人,双侧STN-DBS治疗PD可显著改善病人症状、提高生活质量及减少口服药物量。     

丘脑底核脑深部电刺激术治疗高龄帕金森病

目的 总结高龄(>75岁)帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)脑深部电刺激术(deep brain stimulation,DBS)的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析18例高龄PD病例资料,均行丘脑底核(subthalamic nucleus,STN)-DBS,且双侧STN均植入电极.结果 平均手术时间(...     

双侧丘脑底核脑深部刺激术治疗帕金森病13例报告

目的 探讨双侧丘脑底核（STN）脑深部刺激术（DBS）治疗帕金森病的临床经验。方法 从2002年到2005年共完成了13例帕金森病的双侧丘脑底核DBS，根据STN解剖学定位，靶点的理论坐标值是X=11-13mm，Y=0-2mm，Z=0-4mm，通过立体定向技术在双侧丘脑底核植入刺激电极，并于锁骨下方植入脑深部电刺激器。结果 随访时间为6个月到3年，3例震颤为主病人的症状完全缓解，即震颤完全消失；僵直和运动迟缓为主要症状者的症状缓解程度达90％以上，其中以四肢肌肉僵直的效果较好，运动迟缓也有明显缓解，但是有1例病人双侧肢运动协调性差。所有患者植物神经功能症状有较明显改善，如便秘、流涎、出汗和浮肿等均有改善。结论 DBS治疗帕金森病，是帕金森病治疗的一个里程碑似的进步。它可以明显地缓解帕金森病的主要症状和体征，对运动迟缓、僵直和震颤等均有较理想的效果。     

丘脑底核脑深部高频电刺激治疗帕金森病的初步探讨

目的通过丘脑底核(STN)脑深部高频电刺激(DBS)治疗的11例帕金森病(PD)患者手术前后情况对比,初步探讨其近期的疗效和安全性。方法本院2013年7月至2014年9月STN-DBS治疗的11例(双侧9例,单侧2例)原发性PD患者,采用MRI、微电极记录(MER)技术和术中测试共同确定靶点,同期植入脉冲发生器,术后复查头颅CT,分别在术前、术后未开机第3天、开机后3月、6月、12月和15月采用UPDRS评分评估PD患者"开/关"两种状态下的运动症状改善程度、运动并发症、嗅觉改善和左旋多巴类药物减少情况。结果电极植入靶点均为STN,术后早期全部出现微毁损效应,1侧出现电极移位,1例有一过性复视,无硬件相关并发症,开机后12个月时程控参数达到稳定,症状改善达到最优,以震颤(达84.8%)、僵直改善最为明显,平衡障碍改善最差(为49.8%)。结论丘脑底核高频电刺激治疗PD近期疗效显著,术后并发症少。     

双侧丘脑底核脑深部电刺激对PD患者焦虑症状的短期影响

目的探讨双侧丘脑底核脑深部电刺激(STN-DBS)对帕金森病(PD)患者焦虑症状及生活质量的短期影响。方法对上海交通大学附属瑞金医院功能神经外科中心自2017年8月至2019年8月行双侧STN-DBS治疗的39例PD患者,分别于术前、术后1个月和末次随访时进行贝克焦虑自评量表(BAI)、贝克抑郁自评量表(BDI)评分,于术前和术后末次随访时进行帕金森病患者生活质量问卷-8项(PDQ-8)评分,采用统计学方法分析各节点间评分的差异,以及评分改善程度间的相关性;并进一步依据术前BAI评分将患者分为无焦虑组(n=18)、轻度焦虑组(n=10)、中度焦虑组(n=8)和重度焦虑组(n=3),以进行亚组分析。结果(1)39例患者术后1个月及末次随访时的BAI评分[14(8,20)分、9(3,14)分]均明显低于术前[16(9,27)分],术后末次随访时的BDI评分[8(6,16)分]及PDQ-8评分[3(2,6)分]均明显低于术前[15(8,21)分、9(6,13)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)相关性分析显示,术后末次随访时的BAI评分较术前的改善程度与BDI评分的改善程度呈正相关关系(rs=0.722,P=0.000),也与术前BDI评分及术前PDQ-8评分呈负相关关系(rs=-0.714,P=0.000;rs=-0.378,P=0.018)。(3)亚组分析显示,轻度焦虑组和中度焦虑组患者中,术后末次随访时的BAI评分均明显低于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度焦虑组、中度焦虑组与重度焦虑组患者的术后末次随访时的BAI评分较术前的改善程度均明显高于无焦虑组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论双侧STN-DBS能在短期内显著改善PD患者的焦虑症状,提高其生活质量,提示STN参与了PD患者焦虑症状的神经机制。     

帕金森病丘脑底核深部脑刺激术后参数的调整

目的 探讨帕金森病丘脑底核深部脑刺激(DBS)术后脉冲发生器的参数调整.方法 回顾性分析117例帕金森病病人的临床资料,均行丘脑底核DBS,单侧电极植入45例,双侧电极植入72例;并记录术后刺激参数的调整.结果 刺激参数:双极刺激电压1-4 V,单极刺激电压1-3.6 V;脉宽60-90 μs;频率130 Hz.统一帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS)运动评分的改善率,双侧刺激较单侧刺激明显(P<0.05).治疗后1-6个月,抗帕金森药物用量减少78例(66.7%),维持术前水平39例(33.3%).结论 帕金森病丘脑底核DBS术后采用适当刺激参数可获得安全、可靠的疗效;电压调整对帕金森症状控制作用明显,脉宽及频率调整相对较少;双侧刺激效果优于单侧.     

双侧丘脑底核脑深部电刺激术治疗帕金森病(附33例报道)

目的总结双侧脑深部电刺激术(DBS)治疗帕金森病(PD)的手术方法和效果。方法对具有严重双侧症状和轴性症状的33例PD病人进行同期双侧丘脑底核DBS治疗。采用磁共振扫描结合微电极记录技术进行靶点定位。术后采用统一帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS)运动评分评价刺激效果。结果术后随访3个月~4年,平均7.3个月。脉冲发生器开启时,UPDRS运动评分平均改善率在“关”状态下为62.3%,在“开”状态下为24.2%。记忆力下降2例,情绪改变7例,睁眼困难1例,肢体异动15例;无明显的致残性永久并发症和副作用。结论双侧丘脑底核DBS手术的安全性较高,可明显改善PD病人的运动功能。     

丘脑底核脑深部电刺激治疗帕金森病合并抑郁障碍的长期疗效

目的研究丘脑底核（STN）脑深部电刺激（DBS）治疗帕金森病（PD）合并抑郁障碍的长期疗效并探讨其神经机制。方法对15例合并抑郁障碍的PD患者实施STN脑深部电极植入，术后3个月、6个月和12个月进行随访和临床评价。结果术后运动功能症状如肢体僵硬、震颤、运动迟缓和姿势平衡障碍改善良好，停药后PD分级量表运动评分显著下降（P〈0．01）。术后抑郁障碍症状如焦虑、绝望和激越症状改善良好，停药后汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分显著下降（P〈0．05）。结论STN-DBS能显著改善PD的抑郁障碍症状，STN在PD抑郁障碍神经机制中起重要作用。     

End of day dyskinesia in advanced Parkinson's disease can be eliminated by bilateral subthalamic nucleus or globus pallidus deep brain stimulation.

We report the therapeutic effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in 2 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with severe end of dose dyskinesia that was resistant to medical therapy. In both patients, severe, end of day ballistic dyskinesias occurred when the last levodopa dose of the day was wearing off. Globus pallidus (GPi) DBS in 1 case and subthalamic (STN) DBS in the second case produced full resolution of end of day dyskinesia.     

Lack of motor symptoms progression in Parkinson's disease patients with long-term bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation

To evaluate the long-term progression of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients treated with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS), we retrospectively analyzed data from 50 PD patients with bilateral STN-DBS. Clinical records at baseline and at several yearly intervals were reviewed. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating scale (UPDRS) was performed preoperatively after withholding medications for at least 12 hr (OFF) and after taking the usual dose of levodopa. Postoperative evaluations were completed in four clinical states: OFF medications—stimulators OFF (OFF/OFF); OFF medications—stimulators ON; ON medications—stimulators OFF; and ON medications—stimulators ON. The UPDRS motor scores OFF/OFF were virtually unmodified up to 5 years when compared with preoperative OFF scores. There was no significant difference between OFF/OFF score variations from baseline in patients with shorter (<11 years) and longer PD duration at the time of surgery. No consistent deterioration from untreated baseline was noted for each UPDRS motor subscore (tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and axial). Untreated PD motor scores did not worsen over time in patients undergoing STN-DBS, suggesting that there is no progression of motor severity. These results could be explained either by a natural stabilization of PD motor symptoms after many years or neuroprotective properties of STN-DBS.     

Contrast sensitivity in Parkinson's disease patients with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation

This study examined whether deep brain stimulation (DBS) would affect the contrast sensitivity (CS) curve in patients with PD. CS was tested in 12 nondemented PD patients treated with bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS on and off stimulation and medications. Neither stimulation condition (on vs. off) nor medications altered CS performance in this group of patients. However, collapsed across conditions, patients with bipolar stimulation in this study had significantly poorer CS at higher spatial frequencies (12 and 18 cycles per degree) than patients with monopolar stimulation. This suggests that CS deficits in PD may possibly be influenced by DBS polarity and merits further study. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society     

Change in fatigue after bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease

BackgroundBilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) improves motor function in patients with medically intractable Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the effects of STN DBS on fatigue are unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of STN DBS on fatigue scores in patients with PD.MethodsTwenty PD patients underwent bilateral STN DBS surgery at our institution from 2007 to 2009. Only data from the 17 patients who completed the Parkinson Fatigue Scale (PFS) and Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) before and approximately 6 months after surgery were analyzed. Other evaluations included the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).ResultsWhen the cohort was analyzed as a whole, there was no significant change in the mean or binary PFS score from baseline to the 6 month evaluation. However, the fatigue response of individual subjects was variable. Six of 12 subjects with fatigue before surgery were not fatigued post-operatively, while 3/5 subjects without fatigue before surgery became fatigued after DBS surgery. Fatigue in 8 subjects remained unchanged. Change in fatigue scores correlated significantly with change in the motor UPDRS, GDS and AES. Improvement in PFS also correlated with a higher PFS baseline score and higher baseline UPDRS motor off score.ConclusionsChanges in fatigue severity were not observed in our cohort as a whole, but there were changes in fatigue on an individual level. These changes appear to be related to the effects of STN DBS on motor improvement and mood.     

Parkinson's disease patients with bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation gain weight.

Weight, body mass index (BMI) and energy expenditure/energy intake (EE/EI) was studied in 19 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients after subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) versus 14 nonoperated ones. Operated patients had a significant weight gain (WG, + 9.7 +/- 7 kg) and BMI increase (+ 4.7 kg/m2). The fat mass was higher after STN-DBS. Resting EE (REE; offdrug/ON stimulation) was significantly decreased in STN-DBS patients, while their daily energy expenditure (DEI) was not significantly different. A significant correlation was found among WG, BMI increase, and pre-operative levodopa-equivalent daily dose, their reduction after STN-DBS, and the differential REE related to stimulation and the REE in the offdrug/OFF stimulation condition. In conclusion, STN-DBS in PD induces a significant WG associated with a reduction in REE without DEI adjustment.