共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Atsushi Senju Yukiko Kikuchi Hironori Akechi Toshikazu Hasegawa Yoshikuni Tojo Hiroo Osanai 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2009,39(11):1598-1602
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) reportedly fail to show contagious yawning, but the mechanism underlying the
lack of contagious yawning is still unclear. The current study examined whether instructed fixation on the eyes modulates
contagious yawning in ASD. Thirty-one children with ASD, as well as 31 age-matched typically developing (TD) children, observed
video clips of either yawning or control mouth movements. Participants were instructed to fixate to the eyes of the face stimuli.
Following instructed fixation on the eyes, both TD children and children with ASD yawned equally frequently in response to
yawning stimuli. Current results suggest that contagious yawning could occur in ASD under an experimental condition in which
they are instructed to fixate on the yawning eyes. 相似文献
2.
Kate Hoffman Veronica M. Vieira Julie L. Daniels 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2014,44(3):712-718
We investigated differences in the geographic distribution of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) over time in central North Carolina with data from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. Using generalized additive models and geographic information systems we produced maps of ASD risk in 2002–2004 and 2006–2008. Overall the risk of ASD increased 52.9 % from 2002–2004 to 2006–2008. However, the magnitude of change in risk was not uniform across the study area; while some areas experienced dramatic increases in ASD risk (>400 %), others experienced slight decreases. Generally, areas with the lowest risk in 2002–2004 experienced the greatest increases over time. Education and outreach efforts in North Carolina expanded during this period, possibly contributing to the observed leveling of risk over time. 相似文献
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Brief Report: Emerging Services for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Hong Kong (1960–2004)
Early identification of autistic features in any child is important because there is potential for improvement by means of interventional, educational, or rehabilitative programs. Appropriate diagnosis of autism requires a dual-level approach--routine developmental surveillance and screening, and diagnosis and evaluation of autism. The historical emergence of a model of services for children with autism in Hong Kong arose because of increasing awareness, increasing prevalence, and pressure from parents and support groups. The university-based Autism Research Program at the University of Hong Kong serves as an example of an integrated center for research, teaching, and training in autism. The period from 1960 to 2004 is reviewed. 相似文献
5.
Lauren J. Taylor Murray T. Maybery John Wray David Ravine Anna Hunt Andrew J. O. Whitehouse 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2013,43(12):2984-2989
Extensive empirical evidence indicates that the lesser variant of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) involves a communication impairment that is similar to, but milder than, the deficit in clinical ASD. This research explored the relationship between the broader autism phenotype (BAP) among parents, an index of genetic liability for ASD, and proband communication difficulties. ASD probands with at least one BAP parent (identified using the Autism Spectrum Quotient) had greater structural and pragmatic language difficulties (assessed using the Children’s Communication Checklist-2) than ASD probands with no BAP parent. This finding provides support for the position that genetic liability for ASD is associated with increased communication difficulties across structural and pragmatic domains. 相似文献
6.
Laura G. Holmes Michael B. Himle 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2014,44(11):2964-2970
While considerable research has focused on promoting independence and optimizing quality of life for adolescents and young adult with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), sexual development and sexuality education have been largely neglected. Experts recommend that parents be the primary source of sex education for adolescents with ASD, and that sex education be tailored to a child’s developmental level. Prior studies show that parents of youth with ASD are uncertain about how to best communicate about sex and which topics to discuss with their children. In the current study we administered an online survey to 190 parents of adolescents with ASD in order to better understand sexuality communication patterns between parents and adolescents with both low and high functioning ASD. 相似文献
7.
Syriopoulou-Delli CK Cassimos DC Tripsianis GI Polychronopoulou SA 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2012,42(5):755-768
This study examines Greek teachers’ perceptions related to the nature and management of autistic children. To investigate these issues, a statistically reliable number of questionnaires (n = 228) was distributed to a diversified teacher population. The questionnaire responses were analyzed statistically to identify the explanatory power of critical independent variables. The research findings support that teachers’ specialized training and working experience are critical inputs to improve teachers’ perceptions and efficient serving of autistic children. A cumulative joint effect of teachers’ previous specialized education and working experience working with autistic children was also indicated. This could be supportive of teachers upgrading their active leading role in team working with specialized scientific staff, parents and institutions on autistic children. 相似文献
8.
Herndon AC DiGuiseppi C Johnson SL Leiferman J Reynolds A 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2009,39(2):212-222
Consumption of macro- and micronutrients and food group servings by children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs; n = 46) and typical development (n = 31) were compared using 3-day diet records. Children with ASDs consumed significantly more vitamin B6 and E and non-dairy
protein servings, less calcium, and fewer dairy servings (p < .05). The significantly lower dairy serving intake persisted after controlling for child age and sex and parental dietary
restrictions, and excluding children on the gluten-free casein-free (GFCF) diet. Large proportions of children in both groups
did not meet national recommendations for daily intake of fiber, calcium, iron, vitamin E, and vitamin D. 相似文献
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Christian Ryan Martina Stafford Robert James King 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2016,46(12):3838-3843
Faces are one of the most socially significant visual stimuli encountered in the environment, whereas pareidolias are illusions of faces arising from ambiguous stimuli in the environment. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by deficits in response to social stimuli. We found that children with ASD (n?=?60) identify significantly fewer pareidolic faces in a sequence of ambiguous stimuli than typically developing peers. The two groups did not differ in the number of objects identified, indicating that the children with ASD had a specific lack of attention to faces. Pareidolia have considerable potential as naturalistic and easy-to-create materials for the investigation of spontaneous attention to social stimuli in children with ASD. 相似文献
11.
Lászlό Erdődi Renée Lajiness-O’Neill Thomas A. Schmitt 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2013,43(4):880-890
Visual and auditory verbal learning using a selective reminding format was studied in a mixed clinical sample of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (n = 42), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (n = 83), velocardiofacial syndrome (n = 17) and neurotypicals (n = 38) using the Test of Memory and Learning to (1) more thoroughly characterize and examine the integrity of learning and memory processes, (2) to better understand the mechanisms of learning impairment, and (3) to inform instructional practices in ASD. Contrary to expectations, children with ASD demonstrated a relative weakness in the rate of acquisition of visual in contrast to verbal learning compared to neurotypicals. They also showed a complex pattern of consolidation. Overall, between-group differences were more likely to emerge during the visual learning task, suggesting that it may be more sensitive for detecting neurodevelopmental differences. The heuristic value of assessing memory and learning across multiple trials and comparing performance during immediate and delayed recall is discussed. 相似文献
12.
Katia Jitlina Bruno Zumbo Pat Mirenda Laurie Ford Teresa Bennett Stelios Georgiades Charlotte Waddell Isabel M. Smith Joanne Volden Eric Duku Lonnie Zwaigenbaum Peter Szatmari Tracy Vaillancourt Mayada Elsabbagh 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2017,47(12):3847-3856
Although anxiety is frequently reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), existing anxiety scales are often psychometrically inappropriate for this population. This study examined the internal structure, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale-Parent Report (SCAS-P; Spence 1999) in 238 school-aged children with ASD. While confirmatory factor analysis did not support the original six-correlated-factor structure, structural support as well as acceptable internal consistency and convergent validity was found for Generalized Anxiety, Separation Anxiety, Panic, and Agoraphobia subscales. Use of the SCAS-P in its original form for assessment in children with ASD was not supported. However, four subscales showed viability, and may benefit re-analyses of existing SCAS-P data and future scale adaptations for research and clinical purposes. 相似文献
13.
Coolican J Bryson SE Zwaigenbaum L 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2008,38(1):190-197
The Fifth Edition of the Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales (SB5; Roid, G. H. (2003). Stanford Binet intelligence scales (5th ed.). Itasca, IL: Riverside Publishing) is relatively new, with minimal published research on general populations and
none with special populations. The present study provides information on the cognitive profiles of children with ASD (N = 63) and on the whether the abbreviated battery is representative of the full scale. A high percentage of the children had
significantly stronger nonverbal (vs. verbal) skills. This pattern was not related to Full Scale IQ, age or diagnostic subgroup.
IQs derived from the abbreviated battery accounted for a large proportion of the variance in FSIQ relative to comparable abbreviated
batteries. However, caution is warranted when using the abbreviated battery, as it misrepresents actual ability in a small
percentage of cases. 相似文献
14.
Verté S Geurts HM Roeyers H Oosterlaan J Sergeant JA 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2006,36(3):351-372
The aim of this study was to investigate whether children with high-functioning autism (HFA), Asperger's syndrome (AS), and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDDNOS) can be differentiated from each other and from normal controls on their neurocognitive executive functioning (EF) profile. Children with HFA and AS showed the most EF deficits. The EF profile of the PDDNOS group was more disturbed that the normal control group, but was less disturbed than the profile of the HFA and AS groups. Little difference was found between the three PDD subtypes with respect to EF. This study supports the view that executive dysfunctioning plays an important role in autism. The usefulness of a distinction between different PDD subtypes was not demonstrated. 相似文献
15.
Researchers have argued that individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) use an effortful “systematizing” process to
recognize emotion expressions, whereas typically developing (TD) individuals use a more holistic process. If this is the case,
individuals with ASDs should show slower and less efficient emotion recognition, particularly for socially complex emotions.
We tested this account by assessing the speed and accuracy of emotion recognition while limiting exposure time and response
window. Children and adolescents with ASDs showed quick and accurate recognition for most emotions, including pride, a socially
complex emotion, and no differences emerged between ASD and TD groups. Furthermore, both groups trended toward higher accuracy
when responding quickly, even though systematizing should promote a speed-accuracy trade-off for individuals with ASDs. 相似文献
16.
Monica S. Wu Joseph F. McGuire Elysse B. Arnold Adam B. Lewin Tanya K. Murphy Eric A. Storch 《Child psychiatry and human development》2014,45(2):201-211
The psychometric properties of the Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) were investigated in 46 treatment-seeking youth, 7–15 years of age, who were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and exhibited obsessive–compulsive symptoms. The CY-BOCS Total score exhibited good internal consistency, with differing internal consistencies observed on the Obsession Severity scale (α = 0.86) and Compulsion Severity scale (α = 0.59). Good to excellent inter-rater reliability was observed for the CY-BOCS Total score and both Severity scales. Convergent and divergent validity of the CY-BOCS Total score and both Severity scales were satisfactory. Insight into obsessive–compulsive symptoms was moderately associated with the CY-BOCS Total score. The CY-BOCS demonstrated treatment sensitivity, demonstrating significant changes in obsessive–compulsive symptoms within a subsample of youth receiving cognitive-behavioral treatment. Overall, the CY-BOCS demonstrated adequate psychometric properties and utility in assessing obsessive–compulsive symptoms in youth with ASD and clinically significant obsessive–compulsive symptoms. 相似文献
17.
Yuill N Strieth S Roake C Aspden R Todd B 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2007,37(6):1192-1196
This study investigated possible changes in social play and initiations in eight boys (5 to 7-years-old) with autistic spectrum
disorders (ASD) who were moving from an old to a new school playground that was designed specifically to enhance playful peer
interaction. Each boy was observed for half an hour over three occasions in the old, then the new setting. The playgrounds
differed in design, spatial density and identity of potential play partners. As hypothesised, frequency of group play and
overall social initiations increased significantly in the new setting. We discuss how playgrounds with appropriate levels
of physical challenge and support for both structured, imaginative play and solitary observation may support peer interactions
in children with ASD. 相似文献
18.
Reina S. Factor Sarah M. Ryan Julee P. Farley Thomas H. Ollendick Angela Scarpa 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2017,47(4):1122-1134
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience internalizing and externalizing problems at higher rates than typically developing children, which could worsen social impairment. The present study compared impairment scores (social responsiveness scale, 2nd edition; SRS-2 scores) in 57 children (3–17 years, 82.5% male) with ASD, either with or without heightened levels of anxiety or ADHD symptoms, all per parent report. Children with heightened anxiety problems showed higher scores on four SRS-2 subscales (Social Cognition, Social Communication, Social Motivation, and Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior). Children with heightened ADHD traits showed higher scores on two subscales (Social Communication and Social Awareness). These findings suggest similarities and differences in how social deficits in ASD may worsen with anxiety or ADHD symptoms. 相似文献
19.
How much do individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) think they know about their inner states? To find out, we asked 24 participants with ASD and 24 non-clinical participants to rate how well they knew about six topics of self knowledge; they also rated how well a comparison individual knew these things about them. Participants with ASD differed from the non-clinical participants in assigning about the same amount of knowledge to the comparison individual as to themselves. Non-clinical participants, in contrast, assigned relatively more knowledge to themselves. The findings are consistent with the possibility that individuals with ASD do not appreciate the value of having first-person privileged access to their own inner states. 相似文献
20.
Sebastian B. Gaigg Dermot M. Bowler 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2009,39(8):1211-1217
Twenty-five individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and 25 typically developed individuals participated in an Attentional
Blink paradigm to determine whether emotional words would capture attention similarly in the two groups. Whilst the emotionality
of words facilitated attention in typical comparison participants, this effect was attenuated in the ASD group. The magnitude
of the emotional modulation of attention in ASD also correlated significantly with participants’ VIQ, which was not observed
for the comparison group. Together these observations replicate and extend the findings of Corden et al. (J Autism Develop
Disord 38:1072–1080, 2008) and implicate abnormalities in emotional processes outside the broader context of social cognition
in ASD. We discuss our findings in relation to possible abnormalities in amygdala function that may underlie the disorder.
相似文献
Sebastian B. GaiggEmail: |