Heart rate variability,exercise capacity and levels of daily physical activity in children and adolescents with mild-to-moderate cystic fibrosis

Background:Autonomic nervous system balance is altered in cystic fibrosis (CF), although its influence on physical fitness has been poorly explored.Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the association of heart rate variability (HRV) with exercise capacity and levels of daily physical activity in children and adolescents with mild-to-moderate CF.Methods:A cross-sectional study including individuals with CF aged 6–18 years, not under CFTR modulator therapy, was performed. Sociodemographic (age, sex) and clinical information (airway colonization, pancreatic insufficiency, and genotyping) were collected. In addition, exercise capacity (modified shuttle test — MST), lung function (spirometry), body composition (bioimpedance), levels of daily physical activity (5-day accelerometer), and HRV (both at rest and during the MST) were evaluated.Results:30 individuals (20 females) aged 11.2±3.7 years, mean FEV162.8±27.6%, were included. A sympathovagal balance (LF/HF) increase (p<0.001) during the MST was shown, indicating a predominance of sympathetic modulation. The standard deviation of all RR intervals (SDNN) and the high frequency (HF) index during exercise correlated significantly with FEV₁ (r=0.45, p=0.01 and r=0.46, p=0.01; respectively). MST distance also correlated positively and significantly with SDNN (r=0.43, p=0.01), square root of the mean of the sums of squares of frequencies between RR intervals greater than 50 ms — RMSSD (r=0.53, p<0.01), low frequency — LF (r=0.48, p<0.01), HF (r=0.64, p<0.01), dispersion of points perpendicular to the short-term identity line — SD1 (r=0.40, p=0.02) and negatively with LF/HF (r=−0.57, p<0.01). Regarding daily physical activity, SDNN at rest (r=0.37, p=0.04) and exercise (r=0.41, p=0.02) showed positive correlations with time in moderate-to-vigorous activities. When normalizing the SDNN and classifying individuals as normal or altered, those presenting altered SDNN showed poorest FEV₁ (p=0.001) and lower exercise capacity (p=0.027).Conclusion:HRV correlates with lung function, exercise capacity and levels of daily physical activity in children and adolescents with CF. The study highlights the influence of CF on autonomic function and suggests HRV measurement as an easy tool to be used in clinical settings as an alternative marker to monitor CF individuals.     

运动与原发性高血压

运动是抗原发性高血压非药物疗法的最有效手段,是有效的降压干预措施之一。探讨运动对原发性高血压的影响、筛选作用、降压机制及降压的效果与意义,对提高中国原发性高血压治疗的效价比、更好地控制原发性高血压蔓延、预防心脑血管疾病具有现实意义。     

老年人身体活动能力和认知功能的相关性研究

目的 探讨老年人身体活动能力和认知功能的相关性。方法 在南宁市分别选取1所市区社区卫生服务中心和1所乡镇卫生院作为调查点,采取方便抽样的方法,在每所基层医疗机构中随机选取老年人作为调查对象,408例被试者问卷有效。采集被调查者性别、年龄、文化程度、既往史、体重指数、血压、腰围、心电图等基本资料,身体活动状况采用老年人身体活动量表(PASE)评估,认知功能采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评估。结果 调查对象的PASE和MoCA得分分别为(100.14±51.53)分、(18.66±6.09)分,身体活动总分与MoCA的总分(r=0.223,P <0.01)、视空间与执行功能(r=0.142,P <0.05)、注意(r=0.138,P <0.01)、语言(r=0.161,P <0.01)、延时记忆(r=0.189,P <0.01)、时空定向力(r=0.190,P <0.01)存在显著正相关;费力的家务活动与MoCA的总分(r=0.268,P <0.01)、视空间与执行功能(r=0.190,P <0.01)、命名(r=0.144,P <...     

Clinical experience with two twice daily slow release theophylline preparations. Relation between serum theophylline concentrations, effectiveness, tolerability and compliance in elderly patients

The relation between serum theophylline concentrations, effectiveness, tolerability and compliance were evaluated in 14 hospitalized elderly patients with broncho-obstructive pathology, using a new twice daily sustained release theophylline suspension compared to standard twice daily slow release tablets. The results showed that the mean theophylline serum concentration remains within the therapeutic range with both preparations. No significant difference exists between the two treatments with regard to effectiveness. Tolerability and compliance of the theophylline suspension, however, were higher.     

老年人肺癌与血清胆固醇水平关系分析

目的　探讨老年人肺癌与血清胆固醇水平的关系。方法　收集 1996～ 2 0 0 1年间老年肺癌住院患者 79例 ,对血清胆固醇水平等临床资料进行分析 ,并与肺部良性疾病进行比较。结果　老年肺癌组患者血清胆固醇浓度显著低于肺部良性疾病组 (P <0 0 1)。老年肺癌组胆固醇浓度随着病情恶化逐渐降低 (P <0 0 1)。死亡前 1个月内 10 0 %低于肺部良性疾病组平均值。结论　老年肺癌组患者血清胆固醇浓度比肺部良性疾病组显著降低 ,以死亡前 1个月内更为明显 ,这种变化可能对老年肺癌患者的生存时间有预测意义。     

血清CXCL10、肾酶的水平变化与狼疮性肾炎病情活动的关系

目的探讨狼疮性肾炎(LN)患者血清趋化因子配体10(CXCL10)、肾酶的变化及其意义。方法回顾性选取2016年4月至2018年12月在廊坊市人民医院确诊的LN患者87例(LN组)、慢性肾炎患者90例(对照组)。根据系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动度评分(SLEDAI-2000)将LN组分为活动组57例,非活动组30例;根据肾脏穿刺活检结果:Ⅲ型21例,Ⅳ型39例,Ⅴ型27例。检测LN组和对照组、不同疾病活动情况LN患者、不同LN分型LN患者的血清CXCL10、肾酶水平。结果 LN组的血清CXCL10、肾酶测定值为(8.84±1.63)μg/L、(164.5±33.0) ng/mL,均高于对照组[(6.60±1.50)μg/L、(89.2±14.0) ng/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。活动期组LN患者的血清CXCL10、肾酶测定值为(9.30±1.61)μg/L、(175.5±30.6) ng/mL,显著高于非活动期组[(8.11±1.50)μg/L、(140.0±28.4)ng/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Ⅳ型的LN患者血清CXCL10、肾酶水平...     

Influence of daily activity on changes in physical fitness for people with post-stroke hemiplegia

To investigate the influence of daily activity on changes in the physical fitness of people with post-stroke (cerebrovascular disorders) hemiplegia, we evaluated the follow-up exercise load test of 30 ambulatory male patients with post-stroke hemiplegia. Between the times of the two tests, patients had no special supervised training. They were advised by their physicians to exercise according to the result of an exercise-loading test. We determined peak oxygen uptake and O2 consumption at the ventilatory threshold point. After 9.4 months, the mean peak oxygen uptake improved significantly from 17.7 to 21.1 ml/min/kg, and ventilatory threshold point also improved significantly from 11.4 to 13.6 ml/min/kg. Among the nine subjects who returned to their jobs, subjects who previously went to their offices by public transportation showed more improvement in ventilatory threshold point level than did subjects who previously walked to their offices. Among the 21 subjects who did not return to work, those who exercised regularly (primarily by walking) showed more improvement of peak oxygen uptake level than did subjects who did not exercise regularly. In conclusion, people with hemiplegia who are living in the community can improve their physical fitness without formal supervised training by simply increasing their daily activities.     

Relationships between physical activity and temporal-distance characteristics of walking in elderly women

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between physical activity and walking speed in women 64 years of age and over. Data were gathered from 81 nondisabled women ranging from 64.0 to 94.5 years of age. The women were categorized as sedentary, community active, or exercisers based on a combination of their living situation and level of daily activity. Subjects walked over a 3.84-m recording surface at five different paces, ranging from walking as slowly as possible to walking as quickly as possible. Actual walking speed and length of steps were measured. Stepping frequency and step length relative to leg length were derived measures. Mean walking speeds ranged from 0.43 m/s at the very slow pace to 1.42 m/s at the very fast pace. The walking speeds at the very slow pace were significantly different among the three physical activity groups. At the very slow pace, women who exercised were able to walk significantly more slowly than the other women. The groups were not significantly different at any other pace. Normal walking speeds for all groups were slower than those previously reported for younger women, with the walking speed of the fastest pace of the elderly women being closer to the normal walking speed of younger women. The results of this study indicate that physical therapists need to utilize age-appropriate values as the standard when evaluating performance. [Leiper CI, Craik RL. Relationships between physical activity and temporal-distance characteristics of walking in elderly women.     

Relation between maternal serum adenosine deaminase and plasma adenosine levels in twin pregnancies

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between adenosine deaminase activity and plasma adenosine was examined in non-pregnancy as well as in singleton and twin pregnancies. METHODS: Whole-blood samples were taken from 11 singleton and 11 dichorionic twin pregnant women during the third trimester. The plasma adenosine levels were assayed with a modified high-performance liquid chromatographic method, while the adenosine deaminase levels were measured enzymatically. RESULTS: The adenosine deaminase and plasma adenosine levels were both higher in twin pregnancies compared to singleton and non-pregnancies. CONCLUSION: Increased plasma adenosine is not due to decreased serum adenosine deaminase levels in twin pregnant women.     

老年人脂蛋白脂酶活性改变及其与血脂水平的关系

目的 探讨老年人脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性改变及其与血脂浓度之间的关系.方法测定40例老年人甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及肝素后LPL活性,以45例非老年人作为对照,并用直线相关回归研究LPL活性与血脂水平的关系.结果老年人甘油三酯、总胆固醇及LDL-C浓度均显著高于非老年人(P<0.05或<0.01);肝素后LPL活性明显低于非老年人(P<0.05);老年人肝素后LPL活性与甘油三酯浓度呈负相关(r=-0.513,P<0.01),与HDL-C水平则呈正相关(r=0.390,P<0.05).结论老年人LPL活性降低会引起高甘油三酯血症伴有低HDL-C浓度,并可能是一种导致动脉粥样硬化的危险因素.     

老年人不同年龄段血流变与甘油三酯改变的影响

目的 探讨老年人不同年龄段甘油三酯的改变对其血流变的影响.方法 收集895例佛山地区60以上老年人体检资料,首先分为男女对照组(男747人,女148人),并以年龄段分为3个组别,以61～70岁为对照组,与71～80岁、80岁以上组别进行对比,通过统计分析,研究甘油三酯(TG)与全血黏度高切(WBACH)、全血黏度低切(WBACL)、全血还原黏度高切(WBOACH)、全血黏度低切(WBOACL)、血浆黏度(BPAC)等密切的关系.结果 男性甘油三酯(TG)在对照组达到高峰,女性则以71～80岁组别达到高峰,随后稍有下降,但各组别仍然高于正常.而老年人血流变指标则以对照组为最高,随后也稍有下降,但各组别仍然高于正常,与甘油三酯(TG)呈正相关.结论 老年人甘油三酯的升降造成血液的黏稠度的变化,从而引起血流变各项指标的改变,对预防老年人由于高血脂所引起的心脑血管等疾病有十分重要的作用.     

视力残疾青少年身体活动及其与运动自我效能的相关性

目的 研究视力残疾青少年日常身体活动、静坐水平及其与运动自我效能的关系,分析性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、视力残疾程度和运动自我效能对身体活动的影响。方法 2022年10月至12月,南京市盲人学校13～18岁视力残疾学生79例,采用加速度计测量身体活动,统计每天静坐时间(ST)、轻身体活动(LPA)和中高强度身体活动(MVPA)所占时间的百分比。在教师辅助下完成运动自我效能量表测评,以及身高和体质量测量。结果 视力残疾青少年每天LPA、MVPA、ST时间分别占(15.45±5.99)%、(4.55±2.15)%和(80.00±6.99)%;与女生相比,男生LPA较多(F=5.330, P <0.05),ST较少(F=5.760, P <0.05);与16～18岁学生相比,13～15岁学生MVPA较多(F=11.292, P <0.001),ST较少(F=8.279, P <0.01)。运动自我效能评分与ST、LPA、MVPA、年龄相关(|r|> 0.254, P <0.05);多元线性回归分析显示,运动自我效能(β=0.224)和年龄(β=-0....