大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后的细胞凋亡与Bcl-2、Bax的表达

目的:观察脑缺血再灌注损伤中的细胞凋亡与Bcl2家族的关系。方法:参照ZeaLonga线栓法制作急性大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型,观察脑缺血再灌注后大鼠缺血脑组织中的凋亡细胞变化情况及Bcl2、Bax蛋白表达情况,同时通过透射电镜观察缺血侧脑组织神经元超微结构变化。结果:同对照组相比缺血再灌注组凋亡神经元细胞增多(TUNEL阳性细胞)(P<0.05);Bax、Bcl2阳性细胞均升高(P<0.01),同时Bcl2/Bax比值降低;电镜观察神经元超微结构出现凋亡早期改变。结论:Bcl2/Bax比值影响脑缺血再灌注损伤后细胞凋亡。     

全身亚低温对全脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑保护作用与Bcl-2、Bax表达变化的关系

目的　研究 Bcl- 2、Bax及海马锥体细胞形态在全脑缺血再灌注后的表达及全身亚低温对其表达变化的影响 ,探讨亚低温脑保护作用的机制。方法　采用四血管阻断法制作大鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型 ,分别进行 Bcl-2、Bax免疫组织化学及 H- E染色。结果　与常温组相比 ,全身亚低温组死亡细胞数明显减少 (P<0 .0 1) ;Bcl- 2蛋白免疫反应强度峰值增高 ,持续时间延长 ;Bax蛋白免疫反应强度峰值减低 ,持续时间缩短。结论　 33℃全身亚低温并持续 4 h,对缺血性锥体细胞损害有较好的保护作用。增强 Bcl- 2蛋白的表达 ,延长其表达持续时间 ,而减弱 Bax表达 ,同时缩短其表达持续时间 ,可能是亚低温保护缺血性脑组织损害的分子机制之一。     

醒脑静联合丁苯肽对脑缺血再灌注损伤后细胞凋亡的影响

目的 观察醒脑静、丁苯酞及二者联合分别对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后神经细胞凋亡及Bcl-2和Bax表达的影响。方法 60只雄性wistar大鼠(250±20)g采用改良线栓法制作脑缺血再灌注损伤模型(Middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO),随机分为4组,即模型组、醒脑静组、丁苯酞组、醒脑静联合丁苯酞(联合用药)组,每组又分为6、24、72 h三个亚组; 通过原位末端转移酶标记技术(TUNEL)检测神经细胞凋亡情况,采用免疫组化法观察大鼠脑缺血再灌注各个时间点Bcl-2、Bax的表达水平。结果(1)模型组手术对侧大脑半球偶见凋亡细胞,病灶区可见大量神经细胞凋亡。丁苯酞用药组、醒脑静用药组凋亡细胞数明显减少,醒脑静联合丁苯酞组凋亡细胞数最少(P<0.05);(2)丁苯酞组及联合用药组Bcl-2阳性表达水平较模型组均有提高,联合用药组Bcl-2阳性表达水平在各时间点均最高(P<0.05); 丁苯酞组及联合用药组Bax阳性表达水平较模型组均有降低,联合用药组Bax阳性表达水平最低(P<0.05)。结论(1)醒脑静、丁苯酞及二者联合均可能通过抑制脑缺血再灌注损伤后神经细胞凋亡来实现神经细胞保护作用,其中二者联合效果最佳;(2)丁苯酞可能通过增加脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠Bcl-2表达,减少Bax表达的方式来减少神经细胞凋亡,从而减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤;(3)醒脑静本身不能对Bcl-2、Bax的表达水平产生影响,但其可能通过增强丁苯酞作用的方式影响Bcl-2、Bax的表达,从而减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤。     

大鼠脑缺血再灌注后Caspase-3、Bcl-2和Bax的表达

目的探讨大鼠脑缺血再灌注后caspase-3、Bcl-2和Bax在脑皮质神经元中的表达。方法将动物随机分为假手术组及缺血组,参照zea longa线栓法建立大鼠左侧大脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,各组大鼠分别在左侧MCAO2h再灌注不同时间点断头取脑,脑皮质神经元中caspase-3、Bcl-2和Bax的表达通过免疫组化法来测定。结果缺血组大鼠脑皮质caspase-3的表达较假手术组显著增强(P<0.01),缺血组大鼠脑皮质Bcl-2的表达较假手术组显著增强(P<0.01),缺血组大鼠脑皮质Bax的表达较假手术组显著增强(P<0.01)。结论短暂性脑缺血再灌注上调脑皮质神经元中caspase-3和Bax的表达促细胞凋亡,上调脑皮质神经元中Bcl-2的表达抗细胞凋亡。     

大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后海马Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达

目的 探讨大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后Bcl-2、Bax蛋白在海马表达的变化.方法 线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,应用免疫组化染色检测Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达,应用TUNEL法检测海马区细胞凋亡.结果 缺血再灌注2h后海马神经元Bcl-2、Bax蛋白开始表达,Bcl-2蛋白12h达高峰,Bax蛋白12h～24h达高峰,之后开始下降.再灌注2h后海马凋亡细胞开始表达,随着再灌注时间的延长,其表达不断增加.Bcl-2/ Bax的比率在再灌注开始时升高,再灌注12h达高峰,随后开始下降.结论 凋亡是脑缺血再灌注损伤的重要形式之一,Bcl-2/ Bax的改变与缺血再灌注后海马的神经元存亡有关,缺血再灌注可导致海马神经元凋亡.     

纳洛酮对大鼠全脑缺血—再灌注损伤后神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的:本研究旨在探讨纳洛酮对全脑缺血再灌注损伤后神经细胞的保护作用及机制。方法:选取健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠36只。随机分为假手术组,对照组及治疗组。采用大鼠四条血管阻断方法制备大鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型。治疗组于不同开始时间点累积给药纳洛酮。并于缺血再灌注后48小时处死。采用流式细胞分析技术(Fcm)观察海马区细胞凋亡的变化及Bcl-2、Bax的蛋白表达水平。结果:Fcm标记凋亡细胞的变化:治疗组均与对照组有显著统计学差异(P&lt;0.01)。Bcl-2、bax检查表明治疗组与对照组有显著统计学差异(P&lt;0.01)。结论:纳洛酮可减少脑细胞凋亡的发生,这其中可能与纳洛酮早期上调Bcl-2蛋白的表达或通过减轻Bax对Bcl-2活性的抑制从而降低细胞凋亡的发生有关。     

人脂肪组织来源的神经干细胞移植对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后细胞凋亡及Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨人脂肪组织来源的神经干细胞移植对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后细胞凋亡及Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的影响.方法 线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉缺血2 h再灌注模型.60只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组(6只),假手术组(6只),缺血对照组(24只)和移植治疗组(24只);后2组又分为再灌注7 d、14 d、21 d、28 d组(各6只).体外培养脂肪基质细胞,诱导分化为神经干细胞.造模成功后24h,移植治疗组经尾静脉移植人脂肪组织来源的神经干细胞悬液(细胞浓度为2×106/ml),缺血对照组经尾静脉注射生理盐水,假手术组不做任何处理.TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡,免疫组化SABC法检测Bcl-2、Bax表达.结果 与缺血对照组比较,移植治疗组各时间点的细胞凋亡数均明显减少(均P＜0.01),Bcl-2阳性细胞数明显增高(均P＜0.01),Bax阳性细胞数明显减少(P＜0.05～0.01).结论 人脂肪组织来源的神经干细胞可能通过上调Bcl-2蛋白表达、下调Bax蛋白表达,减少局灶性脑缺血细胞凋亡;对脑缺血再灌注损伤后的神经细胞起保护作用.     

大鼠脑缺血预处理再灌注模型Bcl-2和Bax的表达

目的研究大鼠脑缺血预处理再灌注模型Bcl-2和Bax的表达。方法采用线栓法建立大鼠脑缺血预处理再灌注模型,缺血预处理后分别再灌注6h、12h、1d、2d、3d、5d和7d,免疫组化染色观察Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达。结果Bcl-2阳性细胞数于缺血再灌注后第1d明显增加,第3d达到高峰,并维持到第7d,均明显高于对照组(均P<0·01)。不同缺血再灌注时间Bax阳性细胞数与对照组比较差异无显著性(均P>0·05)。结论上调Bcl-2表达可能是缺血预处理产生脑保护作用的机制之一。     

大鼠脑缺血再灌注后Bcl-2、Fas蛋白的表达及意义

目的　探讨 Ｂｃｌ２ 及 Ｆａｓ 蛋白在大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤中的表达及与缺血性凋亡的关系。方法　采用免疫组化方法观察 Ｂｃｌ２ 及 Ｆａｓ 蛋白在脑缺血再灌注后随时间延长动态变化并用图像分析测定二者的免疫强度。结果　脑缺血再灌注后 Ｂｃｌ２、 Ｆａｓ 表达。 Ｂｃｌ２ 蛋白表达于再灌注 ３ｈ 达高峰,再灌注 ６ｈ 其表达呈下降趋势,再灌注 ２４ｈ 仅少数细胞阳性表达。 Ｆａｓ 蛋白表达于再灌注 ６ｈ 达高峰,对缺血较敏感的海马大锥体细胞亦有表达,再灌注 ２４ｈ 其表达减少。结论　 Ｆａｓ 蛋白表达介导了脑缺血后细胞凋亡的发生,并可能参与了迟发性神经元死亡。 Ｂｃｌ２ 表达与神经元存活密切相关,在神经元缺血敏感性方面起重要作用,对神经元起保护作用。     

促红细胞生成素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后缺血侧皮层神经元凋亡和Bcl-2表达的影响

目的探讨促红细胞生成素(Erythropoietin，EPO)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤后的保护作用。方法采用线栓法阻断大鼠一侧大脑中动脉(MCA)血流2h，再灌注24h制成局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型。将32只雄性SD大鼠随机分成EPO组、缺血再灌注组、假手术组和正常组。于缺血开始时EPO组给EPO 3000U／kg腹腔注射；缺血再灌注组和假手术组给予等剂量生理盐水。再灌注24h后断头取脑、切片，进行HE染色、Bcl-2免疫组化染色和细胞凋亡检测。结果缺血2h再灌注24h后，EPO组和缺血再灌注组大鼠缺血侧皮层可检测到凋亡细胞，且EPO组凋亡细胞数明显少于缺血再灌注组，假手术组和正常组未见凋亡细胞；EPO组和缺血再灌注组缺血侧皮层Bcl-2阳性细胞数均高于假手术组和正常组，与缺血再灌注组相比，EPO组Bcl-2蛋白表达显著增高。结论EPO可抑制缺血再灌注损伤后缺血侧皮层的细胞凋亡，其机制可能是通过上调bcl-2基因表达而实现。     

Effect of compound preparation Tongqiao Jiannao capsules on neural cell apoptosis and Bcl-2 and Bax protein levels in a rat model of brain ischemia/reperfusion injury★

BACKGROUND：Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that compound preparation Tongqiao Jiannao capsules composed of Zexie, Baizhu, Honghua, Danshen, and Shexiang can supplement qi, activate blood circulation, relieve blood stasis, induce resuscitation for alleviating pain, relieve pain, and dilate blood vessels. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of Tongqiao Jiannao capsules on the levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the proapoptotic protein Bax, and verify the mechanism of action. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized, controlled animal experiment, performed in the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University between June 2001 and December 2002. MATERIALS： The right middle cerebral arteries of 24 healthy adult Sprague Dawley rats were occluded by the suture method. The primary Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients of Tongqiao Jiannao capsules are Zexie, Baizhu, Honghua, Danshen, and Shexiang, which were purchased from Shanxi Provincial Medicinal Material Company, China, and prepared into condensed granules in the Room for Chinese Herbal Medicine Preparation, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University. Bcl-2 and Bax immunohistochemical staining kits, a 3,3-diaminobenzidine（DAB） kit, and an in situ apoptosis detection kit were purchased from Wuhan Boster Bioengineering Co., Ltd., China. METHODS： Twenty-four rats were randomly and evenly divided into three groups： （1） sham-operated rats in which sutures were inserted and immediately pulled out; （2） Tongqiao Jiannao capsule-treated rats that were intragastrically administered 6.5 g/kg/d Tongqiao Jiannao capsule preparation for seven successive days prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO）; and （3） MCAO rats without any other treatments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The levels of neural cell apoptosis and Bcl-2 and Bax proteins at 24 hours post-surgery. RESULTS： In the MCAO group, the numbers of apoptotic cells and Bax-positive cells were significantly increased, while the numbers of Bcl-2-     

Effect of compound preparation Tongqiao Jiannao capsules on neural cell apoptosis and Bcl-2 and Bax protein levels in a rat model of brain ischemia/reperfusion injury

BACKGROUND:Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that compound preparation Tongqiao Jiannao capsules composed of Zexie, Baizhu, Honghua, Danshen, and Shexiang can supplement qi, activate blood circulation, relieve blood stasis, induce resuscitation for alleviating pain, relieve pain, and dilate blood vessels. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Tongqiao Jiannao capsules on the levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the proapoptotic protein Bax, and verify the mechanism of action. DESIGN, TIME A...     

Effects of acupoint versus non-acupoint electroacupuncture on cerebral cortical neuronal Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 expression in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia

BACKGROUND： Several studies have demonstrated that electroacupuncture by acupoint selection can inhibit cerebral cortical neuronal apoptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. OBJECTIVE： To validate the effects of electroacupuncture by acupoint selection on the expression level of cortical neuronal anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and the apoptotic executive protein, caspase-3, in rat models of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This randomized grouping, neural cell and molecular biology animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Laboratory Animal Center of Henan Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine between November 2006 and May 2007. MATERIALS： Atotal of 40 healthy male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and evenly divided into four groups： sham-operated, model, electroacupuncture and non-aeupoint control. G6895 electro-acupuncture instruments were purchased from Shanghai Huayi Instrument Factory, China. Caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax kits were provided by Wuhan Boster Bioengineering Co., Ltd., China. METHODS： Middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in the model, electroacupuncture and non-acupoint groups. In the electroacupuncture group, the acupoints Jianyu （LII5）, Waiguan （S J5）, Biguan （ST31）, and Zusanli （ST36） were given electroacupuncture. In the non-acupoint control group, at each time point （immediately after ischemia and after reperfusion, or 2 hours after reperfusion）, electroacupuncture was performed at the midpoints of Tianquan （PC2）-Quze （PC 3） line, Quze （PC 3）-Ximen （PC4） line, Zuwuli （LR10）-Yinbao （LR9） line, and Xiguan （LR7）-Zhongdu （LR6） line. Electroacupuncture parameters were set with a continuous wave with a frequency of 10 Hz, wave width 0.6 ms, voltage 1.5-3.0 V, and a duration of 10 minutes. The sham-operated and model groups received only animal fixation without electroacupuncture procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Five ra     

Angiopoietin-1 mRNA and Bcl-2 expression following estradiol treatment in ovariectomized rats with focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

BACKGROUND： Estrogen has been clinically demonstrated to attenuate ischemic brain injury. However, the precise mechanisms remain controversial. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of estradiol on angiopoietin-1 mRNA and Bcl-2 expression, as well as apoptosis and cerebral blood flow, in ovadectomized rats with focal cerebral ischemia following reperfusion. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized, controlled, animal experiment. The study was performed at the Central Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University from September to December 2005. MATERIALS： Estradiol benzoate was purchased from Shanghai Ninth Pharmaceutical Factory; corn oil was purchased from Walmart Supercenter; TUNEL kit, rabbit anti-rat Bcl-2 polyclonal antibody, and biotin-labeled goat anti-rabbit antibody were purchased from Wuhan Boster, China. METHODS： Healthy, female, 6-month-old Wistar rats-wild-type and estrogen alpha receptor gene knockout （ERKO）-were randomly divided into estradiol and control groups with 25 animals in each group. The rats were intramuscularly injected with estradiol benzoate （100 μg/kg per day） at 30 days following bilateral ovariectomy or corn oil （1 mL/kg per day） for seven consecutive days. Following administration, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion models were established using the right middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） method. After 30 minutes of MCAO, estradiol and control groups were separately injected with estradiol benzoate and corn oil with the above-mentioned doses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL; angiopoietin-1 mRNA and Bcl-2 gene expression was determined, respectively, by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR. In addition, changes in cerebral blood flow were measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. RESULTS： Changes in angiopoietin-1 mRNA and cerebral blood flow in estradiol-treated, wild-type, MCAO rats following ischemia/reperfusion were greater than in control rats （P 〈 0.01 or 0.05）. However, no significant difference was observed between estradiol-treated ERKO MCAO rats and control rats. In addition, estradiol-treated wild-type and ERKO MCAO rats exhibited significantly increased Bcl-2 expression （P 〈 0.05） and decreased number of apoptotic cells in brain tissues compared with control groups （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Estradiol upregulated angiopoietin-1 mRNA and Bcl-2 expression, suggesting that estradiol might be involved in protective mechanisms of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.     

bFGF对大鼠局灶性脑缺血后神经细胞凋亡及Bcl-2、Bax的影响

目的探讨bFGF对缺血后神经细胞的保护作用。方法用线栓法制作局灶性脑缺血大鼠模型,于术前1h、术后第1天、第2天连续3天侧脑室注射bFGF,分1μg／d、2μg／d、4μg／d3组,观察缺血程度、梗塞体积、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的合成。结果;bFGF能减轻脑缺血程度,减少梗塞体积(25．2％)及凋亡细胞数,提高半暗带内Bcl-2蛋白的合成,减低缺血灶内Bax蛋白的合成,各剂量组间无显著差异。结论bFGF可作为一种有效的神经细胞保护剂,保护神经细胞免受缺血的损害。     

钙拮抗剂对大鼠缺血性脑损伤后Bcl-2和Bax基因表达的作用

目的探讨大鼠实验性脑缺血后海马组织Bcl-2和Bax基因的表达及尼莫地平预处理对Bcl-2和Bax基因表达的影响。方法采用线栓法建立大鼠脑缺血模型；尼莫地平预处理；逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法测定其海马组织中Bcl-2和Bax mRNA。结果大鼠大脑中动脉阻断(MCAO)后，海马组织Bcl-2和Bax基因均被诱导表达，Bcl-2表达量持续升高，而Bax表达量在脑缺血24h达高峰，随后逐渐下降。在脑缺血后6h和24h，经尼莫地平预处理7d的大鼠，海马组织Bcl-2基因的表达水平较未经预处理的大鼠明显上调，而Bax基因表达水平则较未经预处理的大鼠明显下调。结论钙拮抗剂尼莫地平能有效地调控大鼠缺血性脑损伤后海马组织Bcl-2和Bax基因表达的水平，为干预脑卒中后基因表达提供依据。     

大鼠局灶性脑缺血Bcl-2和Bax的表达与细胞凋亡

目的:研究大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Bax在缺血皮层表达的变化及其与神经元凋亡的关系。方法:线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,免疫组化法观察Bcl-2和Bax的表达变化,TUNEL法观察神经元凋亡的情况。结果:再灌注2h后皮层神经元Bcl-2表达开始明显上调,6h为高峰,之后开始下降。再灌注早期 Bax在皮层神经元的表达即明显增强,24～48h达高峰。Bcl-2／Bax的比率在再灌注开始时升高,6h达高峰,随后开始下降。TUNEL阳性细胞主要分布在缺血中心的边缘,再灌注48h之内,随时间的延长而不断增加。结论:Bcl-2／Bax的比率改变与缺血再灌注后的神经元存亡相关。