酸化豆粉对大鼠降血脂和抗氧化作用的影响

目的研究酸化豆粉对大鼠降血脂和抗氧化作用的影响。方法将SD雄性大鼠根据体重和血胆固醇水平分为3组,普通饲料对照组、高脂饲料组及10%酸化豆粉组,饲养6周后,测定大鼠空腹血脂、载脂蛋白及抗氧化指标水平的变化。结果酸化豆粉可显著降低大鼠血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇、甘油三脂及血清载脂蛋白B浓度,增高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及血清载脂蛋白A水平,同时增高载脂蛋白A/载脂蛋白B比值;酸化豆粉组大鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及血清硒水平显著升高,脂质过氧化产物水平显著降低。结论酸化豆粉预防大鼠高血脂及抗氧化作用明显,提示酸化豆粉有成为心血管保健食品的潜力和意义。     

补充牛磺酸对高胆固醇血症大鼠脂代谢的影响

目的 研究不同剂量水平的牛磺酸对高胆固醇血症大鼠脂质代谢的影响.方法 将断乳SD大鼠40只,经高脂饲料诱导成高胆固醇血症模型后,按体重和血浆总胆固醇均衡的原则分为5组,以高脂饲料和正常饲料为对照组,其余3组分别在高脂饲料的基础上添加不同水平(0.6%、1.35%、3%)的牛磺酸,观察牛磺酸对大鼠脂质代谢的影响,实验持续5周.结果 与高脂对照组相比,不同剂量水平的牛磺酸均可显着影响大鼠血浆脂质水平,降低AI;06%剂量水平的牛磺酸可显着升高大鼠血浆HDL-C、Apo-Al,降低血浆Apo-B水平;1.35%和3%剂量的牛磺酸对降低血浆TC、LDL-C、TG及肝脏TC,升高HDL-C/LDL-C的比值,促进粪胆汁酸排泄效果较好,其中3%剂量水平的牛磺酸效果最明显.结论 补充牛磺酸对高胆固醇血症大鼠有很好的降脂作用.     

补充牛磺酸对大鼠脂质代谢及神经递质作用的研究

目的研究补充不同水平的牛磺酸对大鼠脂质代谢及神经递质的影响。方法32只断乳雌性别大鼠，经基础饲料适应性饲喂1周后，按体重及血浆总胆固醇水平基本一致的原则分为4组：对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组。对照组为基础饲料组，实验组在基础饲料中分别补充0．6％、1．35％和3．0％的牛磺酸，实验持续5周后处死，检测脂质代谢及神经递质指标。结果补充不同水平的牛磺酸对大鼠脂质代谢指标影响不同，补充0．6％的牛磺酸可明显降低血浆TC、LDL—C，补充3．0％的牛磺酸在降低肝脏TC的基础上升高Apo—AI效果最好；饲料中补充牛磺酸可以提高大鼠脑牛磺酸及蛋白质的积累水平，同时增加NO、AChE的水平，而抑制5—HT和5—HIAA从水平。结论补充不同水平的牛磺酸对大鼠脂质代谢指标的影响不同，牛磺酸可调节大鼠部分神经递质的释放水平。     

姜蒜片对高脂大鼠血脂水平的影响

目的研究姜蒜片对高脂饲料饲养大鼠血脂水平的影响。方法将大鼠按基础血清总胆固醇水平随机分为4组:高脂对照组、低、中、高剂量实验组。实验期间,所有大鼠均饲以高脂饲料,低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃给予0.11、0.22、0.66g/kg.bw剂量的姜蒜片,对照组以蒸馏水灌胃,灌胃量1ml/100g.bw,连续30d后,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。结果0.11g/kg.bw剂量可显著降低大鼠血清TC、TG水平(P<0.05);各剂量对大鼠血清HDL-C水平无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论姜蒜片具有一定的调节血脂作用。     

脂宁胶囊对高脂大鼠血脂水平的影响

目的探讨脂宁胶囊对高脂饲料饲养大鼠血脂水平的影响。方法将大鼠按基础血清总胆固醇水平将动物随机分为4组:高脂对照组、低、中、高剂量实验组。实验期间,所有大鼠均饲以高脂饲料,低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃给予0.0835、0.1670、0.5010 g/kg.bw剂量的脂宁胶囊,对照组以蒸馏水灌胃,灌胃量1 ml/100 g.bw,连续30 d后,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。结果0.16700、.5010 g/kg.bw剂量可显著降低大鼠血清TC水平(P<0.05),0.0835、0.1670 g/kg.bw剂量可显著降低大鼠血清TG水平(P<0.05),0.1670、0.5010g/kg.bw剂量升高HDL-C水平达4 mg/dl以上。结论脂宁胶囊具有辅助调节血脂作用。     

桑蚕蛹油对大鼠血脂水平及血小板功能的影响

为观察桑蚕蛹油和桑蚕蛹油加维生素E(VE)对大鼠血脂水平和血小板功能的影响 ,选取雄性成年Wistar大鼠 40只 ,按血脂水平分为 4组 :正常对照组 ,高脂对照组 ,桑蚕蛹油组和桑蚕蛹油 +VE组 ,分别喂饲各组饲料。 6周后 ,测定血脂水平和血小板功能。结果显示 ,(1)与高脂对照组相比 ,桑蚕蛹油可显著降低大鼠血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)水平和致动脉粥样硬化指数 (AI) ,升高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)水平 ;血小板聚集率 ,血浆血栓素B2 (TXB2 )水平以及TXB2 6 k PGF1α(T P)比值显著降低 ,6 酮前列腺素F1α(6 k PGF1α)水平显著上升 ;(2 )桑蚕蛹油 +VE组大鼠血清TC、LDL C水平显著低于桑蚕蛹油组 ,血小板聚集率 ,T P比值也显著降低。提示 ,富含α 亚麻酸的桑蚕蛹油能降低大鼠血脂水平 ,抑制血小板聚集 ,加入VE后 ,这种作用更为明显     

高脂饲料诱导对大鼠血脂的影响

目的比较分析两种不同高脂饲料对大鼠血脂的影响,为建立合理而实用的高脂血症动物模型提供依据。方法 Wistar大鼠30只,按体重随机分为对照组(喂饲基础饲料),高脂配方1组和高脂配方2组,每组各10只,实验期间每周记录一次大鼠体重,每两周检测一次血脂,实验周期为6周。结果高脂饲料诱导6周后,高脂配方1组大鼠的血清总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)分别比对照组升高了1.4倍和2.2倍(P<0.01),血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平比对照组降低了22.2%(P<0.01),血清甘油三酯(TG)水平与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05);高脂配方2组大鼠的血清TC和LDL-C分别比对照组升高了11.5倍和5.7倍(P<0.01),血清TG和HDL-C水平分别比对照组降低了39.7%和34.6%(P<0.01)。结论两种高脂饲料诱导均可建立大鼠高胆固醇血症模型,但均不能显著升高大鼠血清TG水平。     

不同肥胖易感性大鼠体内的氧化应激反应

目的观察不同肥胖易感性大鼠的氧化应激反应和抗氧化能力的差异。方法 40只雄性Wistar大鼠(200～220g)随机分为高脂饲料组(30只)和正常对照组(10只),高脂饲料组大鼠给予高脂饲料6周后依据体重增加量筛选出肥胖易感(OP)大鼠和肥胖抵抗(OR)大鼠各10只,OP组和OR组大鼠继续喂养高脂饲料,正常对照组大鼠给予基础饲料,13周末处死大鼠,采集样本,测定血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)以及空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)等指标。结果 OP组大鼠SOD含量显著低于OR组和正常对照组;OP组大鼠GSH-Px水平显著低于OR组;OP组MDA浓度显著高于正常对照组;同时OP组总能量摄入、体脂含量、血糖、血脂、血清胰岛素、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)和游离脂肪酸水平都与OR组大鼠的差异有显著性,而OR组大鼠与正常对照组相比的差异无显著性。结论与肥胖抵抗大鼠相比,肥胖易感大鼠的氧化应激水平增高,抗氧化能力降低,血糖血脂升高并出现胰岛素抵抗。     

姜黄素对大鼠调节血脂及抗氧化作用的研究

为研究姜黄素的降脂作用抗氧化作用,将高脂血症模型大鼠根据血总胆固醇水平随机分为４组：基础饲料对照组喂基础饲料＋姜黄素组喂加入姜黄素５ｇ／ｋｇ的基础饲料;高脂饲料对照组喂高脂饲料;高脂饲料＋姜黄素组喂加入姜黄素ｇ／ｋｇ的高脂饲料。再喂养４周,测定血脂及抗氧化指标。结果显示姜黄素能降低高脂模型大鼠血中总胆固醇、甘油三酯水平,提高载脂蛋白Ａ水平,并降低血及肝中过氧化脂质,直匀浆总抗氧化能力和ＳＯＤ活性、     

辣椒总碱对大鼠胆固醇代谢及相关基因表达的影响

目的 探讨辣椒总碱(capasaicinoids,CAP)对不同饲料喂食的SD大鼠胆固醇降低的作用及机制.方法 将32只SD成年大鼠随机分为以下4组:对照组(C,基础饲料+大豆油0.5 ml/100 g bw)、CAP组(基础饲料+大豆油0.5 ml/100g bw+CAP10 mg/kg bw);高脂饲料组(HF,高脂饲料+大豆油0.5 ml/100g bw);HF+CAP组(高脂饲料+大豆油0.5 ml/100 g bw +CAP 10 mg/kg bw).喂养4w后,测定血脂、肝脂、小肠和粪便中总胆汁酸含量变化情况,并用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测肝脏和回肠中与胆固醇代谢相关基因mRNA的表达.结果 CAP能显著降低喂食基础饲料和高脂饲料大鼠的血浆胆固醇浓度、减少脂肪在肝脏中的积累,其中对喂食高脂饲料大鼠胆固醇的降低效果优于基础饲料.同时,CAP能显著降低基础饲料和高脂饲料大鼠肝脏3-羟基-3甲基戊二酰CoA (HMG-CoA)还原酶和胆固醇7α-羟化酶(CYP7A1) mRNA的相对表达量,显著增加法尼酯受体(FXR)、回肠胆汁酸结合蛋白(IBABP)、顶端钠依赖性胆汁酸转运体(ASBT)和辣椒素受体(TRPV1)mRNA的相对表达量;显著降低基础饲料大鼠小肠和粪便中总胆汁酸含量.结论 CAP对基础饲料和高脂饲料大鼠的血脂均有良好的降低作用,其可能作用机制是阻止肝脏内源性胆固醇的合成.     

Effects of taurine on plasma and liver lipids, erythrocyte ouabain sensitive Na efflux and platelet aggregation in Sprague Dawley rats

The effects of taurine on plasma and liver cholesterol, erythrocyte ouabain sensitive Na efflux and platelet aggregation were examined in Sprague Dawley rats fed control or 0.5% cholesterol with 0.2% cholate diet. Plasma and liver levels of total cholesterol were increased significantly (p<0.05) in rats fed cholesterol diet compared to the control, and taurine significantly decreased the elevated plasma level of cholesterol in rats fed cholesterol diet (p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol was decreased in groups fed the cholesterol diet regardless of taurine supplementation and the difference between groups with and without cholesterol was significant (p<0.01). Plasma triglyceride was decreased and liver triglyceride was increased both significantly (p<0.05) in rats fed cholesterol compared to the control. Plasma and liver triglyceride in rats fed taurine was decreased significantly compared to the control (p<0.05). Intracellular Na tended to be lower in rats fed cholesterol or taurine and higher in rats fed cholesterol plus taurine compared to the control. Na efflux through Na-K ATPase and the passive leak of Na was somewhat reduced in rats fed cholesterol or taurine and was augmented in rats fed cholesterol plus taurine compared to the control, which showed a similar trend to the intracellular Na. Taurine supplementation caused a suppression of Na efflux in groups fed control diet and restored the suppressed Na efflux in groups fed cholesterol. Platelet aggregation was significantly decreased in the group fed taurine compared to the control (p<0.05) and the group fed cholesterol plus taurine was also a little lower in aggregation than the group fed cholesterol. Microscopic examination showed that taurine prevented fatty liver in rats fed cholesterol diet. Taurine known for stimulating Na-K ATPase in some cell types rather decreased erythrocyte ouabain sensitive Na-K ATPase in the present study. Taurine had hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic effects and inhibited platelet aggregation which may be favorable for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.     

Dietary taurine enhances cholesterol degradation and reduces serum and liver cholesterol concentrations in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.

The effect of taurine on hypercholesterolemia induced by feeding a high-cholesterol (HC) diet (10g/kg) to rats was examined. When various amounts of taurine (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 g/kg diet) were supplemented to HC for 2 wk, serum total cholesterol gradually and significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner and normalized at the dose of 10 g taurine/kg, compared with the control (cholesterol free) diet group. By contrast, serum HDL-cholesterol was elevated by taurine supplementation. The HC diet caused a significant decrease in the concentration of taurine in serum, liver and heart compared to that in the control group, and the effective dose of supplemental taurine to improve its reduction was 2.5 g/kg diet. In the hypercholesterolemic rats fed the HC diet, the excretion of fecal bile acids and hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity and its mRNA level increased significantly, and the supplementation of taurine further enhanced these indexes, indicating an increase in cholesterol degradation. The abundance of mRNA for Apo A-I, one of the main components of HDL, was reduced by HC and recovered by taurine supplementation. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that, in hypercholesterolemic rats fed the HC diet, the serum level of the heavier VLDL increased significantly, but taurine repressed this increase and normalized this pattern. Significant correlations were observed between the time- and dose-dependent increases of CYP7A1 gene expression and the decrease of blood cholesterol concentration in rats fed the HC diet supplemented with taurine (time, r = -0.538, P < 0.01, n = 32; dose, r = -0.738, P < 0.001, n = 20). These results suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effects of taurine observed in the hypocholesterolemic rats fed the HC diet were mainly due to the enhancement of cholesterol degradation and the excretion of bile acid.     

The hypocholesterolaemic effects of pectins in rats

The hypocholesterolaemic effects of pectins were studied in a series of five experiments in weanling Sprague-Dawley rats. Expt A examined the effects of differing levels of dietary fat on plasma and liver lipids. Rats were given diets containing 100 g pectin, National Formulary (NF)/kg, and either 50,100, 150 or 200 g oil/kg. All diets contained 10 g cholesterol/kg. Plasma cholesterol levels were lower in all pectin-fed groups compared with rats given the control diet containing 100 g Solkafloc and 100 g oil/kg. Liver lipid and cholesterol levels increased with increasing fat content of the diet, reaching a plateau at 150 g fat/kg diet, but were still significantly lower in all pectin-fed groups compared with the control group. Expt B. The effects of molecular weight and degree of methoxylation of pectins were studied in five groups of rats given either a control diet containing 100 g Solkafloc/kg or high molecular weight, high methoxyl pectin (HMW HMP); high molecular weight, low methoxyl pectin (HMW LMP); low molecular weight, high methoxyl pectin (LMW HMP); low molecular weight, low methoxyl pectin (LMW LMP). All diets in this and subsequent experiments contained 100 g fat and 10 g cholesterol/kg. Plasma cholesterol levels were significantly lower than control values only in the HMW HMP group. Compared with controls, animals given HMW pectins had lower levels of liver lipid and liver cholesterol; on the LMW HMP diet the liver cholesterol, but not the liver lipid, was lower. Expt C. An attempt was made to clarify the possible effect of degree of methoxylation by feeding diets containing either 100 g Solkafloc/kg, 100 g pectin NF/kg or 100 g very high methoxyl pectin/kg. Plasma cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by both pectins but there was no difference in effect between the two. Both had similar viscosities suggesting that this is a more important factor than methoxyl content. Expts D and E. Effects of dose on hypocholesterolaemic effects of HMP and LMP were studied. Diets containing 50 or 100 g Solkafloc, HMP or LMP/kg were given in Expt D, and 25 g Solkafloc or HMP/kg, 50 g Solkafloc, HMP or LMP/kg and 100 g Solkafloc or LMP/kg in Expt E. Plasma cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in groups given 50 or 100 g HMP/kg and in groups given 100 g LMP/kg. HMP were found to be more effective at lowering plasma cholesterol levels than LMP. LMW pectins were not effective. This suggests that the hypocholesterolaemic effects are at least partly due to viscosity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

降脂滴丸对大鼠实验性高血脂症的预防作用

目的 研究降脂滴丸对大鼠实验性高血脂症的预防作用。 方法 健康SD雄性大鼠60只随机分为6组:正常对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组(洛伐他汀组)、降脂滴丸低、中、高剂量组。正常对照组给予基础饲料;模型对照组给予高脂饲料;阳性对照组给予高脂饲料,并灌胃给予洛伐他汀0.002 g/kg,1次/d;降脂滴丸低、中、高剂量组给予高脂饲料,并分别灌胃给予降脂滴丸(0.13、0.25、0.50 g/kg),1次/d,均自由饮水,每周称大鼠体重一次。各组按规定给药40 d后,禁食12 h,眼眶静脉取血,分离血清,测定血清TC、TG、HDL、LDL、APOA1和APOB。 结果 给药前,各组的TC、TG、LDL和HDL差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。给药后与正常对照组比,模型组的TC、TG和LDL均显著升高(P<0.01),HDL显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),说明高脂模型复制成功。与模型对照组相比,降脂滴丸中、高(0.25、0.50 g/kg)剂量组能明显降低动物体重(P<0.05),降脂滴丸0.50 g/kg剂量组对TC和TG均有不同的降低作用(P<0.05),还有升高APOA1的作用(P<0.05);中、高(0.25、0.50 g/kg)剂量组均有不同程度的降低APOB的作用(P<0.05、P<0.01)。 结论 降脂滴丸具有一定的降血脂的作用。     

Reversion by taurine but not by glycine of ovarian hormone deficiency - induced hypercholesterolemia in aged rats is associated with increased fecal bile acids

The effect of taurine and glycine on the ovarian hormone deficiency-associated increase in plasma cholesterol concentration were studied in ovariectomized (ovx) 10-month-old retired breeder female rats. Rats was randomly assigned to four treatment groups: sham-operated+a casein-based cholesterol-free diet (C-diet, sham-C); ovx+C diet (ovx-C); ovx+C diet supplemented by taurine (50 g/kg diet, ovx-T); and ovx+C diet supplemented with glycine (50 g/kg diet, ovx-G). Rats were fed these diets for 28 d and killed at midnight in a fed state. Plasma and liver cholesterol concentrations in ovx-C were significantly higher than in sham-C. Bile flow, biliary bile acid secretion and fecal bile acid excretion were not significantly different between sham-C and ovx-C. Plasma cholesterol concentrations in ovx-T and ovx-G were significantly lower than those in ovx-C. Liver cholesterol concentration in ovx-G was significantly higher than in ovx-C but not in ovx-T. Cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase, bile flow, biliary bile acid secretion and fecal bile acid excretion in ovx-T were significantly higher than in ovx-C, but not in ovx-G. These results indicate that in the case of taurine but not glycine, increased fecal bile acid excretion is one of the factors in the prevention of the ovarian hormone deficiency-associated increase in plasma cholesterol concentration.     

甲鱼蛋粉调节大鼠血清胆固醇的基础研究

目的　研究甲鱼蛋粉对高胆固醇血症大鼠血清胆固醇的调节作用。方法　将 5 0只健康雄性SD大鼠按体重和血清胆固醇水平随机分成 5组 ,每组 10只 ,分别接受正常饲料、高脂饲料、高脂饲料加甲鱼蛋粉灌胃 (低、中、高剂量分别为 0 75、1 5 0、3 0 0 kgBW)处理 ,实验周期为 2 4周 ,实验期末 ,收集大鼠粪便 ,股动脉取血 ,酶法测定血清胆固醇 (TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)的含量 ,气相色谱法检测粪便胆固醇、粪甾醇、粪甾烯 ,循环酶法测定总胆汁酸的含量。结果　与高脂饲料组相比 ,中剂量和高剂量的甲鱼蛋粉均能显著降低 (P <0 0 5 )高胆固醇血症大鼠血清TC ,且剂量为 1 5 0g kgBW时能显著降低血清LDL水平 ;两剂量组均显著增加粪便胆固醇、粪甾醇和粪甾烯以及胆汁酸的排出。结论　甲鱼蛋粉是通过增加粪便固醇类以及胆汁酸的排出来达到降低模型大鼠血清胆固醇的作用     

白藜芦醇对C57BL/6J小鼠脂代谢的影响

目的观察22.5mg/kg BW白藜芦醇对C57BL/6J小鼠血清和肝脏脂质的影响。方法 30只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为正常对照组、高脂组和高脂+白藜芦醇组,每组10只,正常对照组喂饲基础饲料,高脂组和高脂+白藜芦醇组喂饲高脂高胆固醇饲料。高脂+白藜芦醇组每日经灌胃给予22.5mg/kg BW白藜芦醇羧甲基纤维素钠溶液进行干预,正常对照组和高脂组均给予0.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠溶液灌胃。干预8周后测定小鼠血清TC、TG、HDL-C和LDL-C水平,肝脏TC和TG水平,并观察小鼠肝组织病理改变。结果高脂组和高脂+白藜芦醇组小鼠血清TC、LDL-C和HDL-C水平均高于正常对照组(P<0.05),高脂组血清TC和LDL-C水平还高于高脂+白藜芦醇组(P<0.05),但高脂组和高脂+白藜芦醇组小鼠血清TG水平均低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。高脂组小鼠肝脏TC水平高于高脂+白藜芦醇组和正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论 22.5mg/kg BW白藜芦醇可以降低喂饲高脂饲料的C57BL/6J小鼠体内胆固醇水平。     

Effects of dietary vitamin E and high supplementation of vitamin C on plasma glucose and cholesterol levels

Weanling male Sprague Dawley rats were fed ad libitum a purified basal diet free of vitamins E and C. In Experiment I (4 weeks), 24 rats were divided into four groups with 2×2 factorial design. They were supplemented with 0 or 45 IU/kg diet of vitamin E, and O or 2.0 g/kg diet of vitamin C. In Experiment II (16 weeks), 36 rats were divided into six groups with 2×3 factorial design. Vitamin E was supplemented at the level of O or 45 IU/kg diet, and vitamin C was supplemented at the level of O, 1.5, or 3.0 g/kg diet, respectively. Plasma glucose level and cholesterol level were determined in both experiments. The plasma levels of glucose and cholesterol were significantly and negatively correlated. Plasma glucose level was significantly increased and plasma cholesterol level significantly decreased by the high supplementation of vitamin C with or without vitamin E in the diet. Vitamin E deficiency decreased plasma glucose level and increased plasma cholesterol level significantly with or without vitamin C supplementation. The groups with adequate level of vitamin E (45 IU/kg diet) and no vitamin C showed moderate plasma glucose and cholesterol levels.