小鼠胰岛细胞MHC—DR抗原的诱导表达

本文报告肿瘤坏死因子和ｒ－干扰素诱导小鼠胰岛细胞ＭＨＣ－ＤＲ抗原表达对胰岛素分泌的影响。     

环孢霉素A对培养的人角朊细胞主要组织相容性抗原表达的影响

目的：研究环孢霉素Ａ对人皮肤角朊细胞的主要组织相容性抗原（ＭＨＣ）表达的影响。方法：采用γ－干扰素（ＩＦＮ－γ）刺激培养的人角朊细胞ＭＨＣ－Ｉ／Ⅱ抗原表达的实验模型,研究了低剂量环孢霉素Ａ对角朊细胞ＭＨＣ－Ｉ／Ⅱ抗原表达的影响。结果：０．１２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的环孢霉素Ａ对于ＩＦＮγ－刺激的角朊细胞ＭＨＣ－Ｉ类抗原（ＨＬＡ－ＡＢＣ抗原）表达的增强,具有抑制作用（Ｐ〈０．０１）;但是对于ＩＮＦ－γ刺激的角朊     

细胞因子对人绒毛瘤细胞JARβHCG分泌的影响

人绒毛膜促性激素（ＨＣＧ）的分泌调节机制至今仍不详。本文以经绒毛瘤细胞ＪＡＲ作为人滋养层细胞的模型，研究了ＩＦＮα、ＴＮＦ－α、Ｍ－ＣＳＲＦ、ＴＧＦ－β、ＵＫ和ＮＧＦ等细胞因子对β－ＨＣＧ分泌的影响。结果显示，ＩＦＮα和ＴＮＦ－α能显著地促进βＨＣＧ的分泌的并具有剂量依赖性，ＵＫ则能显著地抑制β－ＨＣＧ的分泌，而Ｍ－ＣＳＦ、ＴＧＦ－β和ＮＧＦ则无明显作用。细胞活性实验表明，高浓度的ＩＦＮα、ＴＮＦ     

IL—4、γIFN及TNF对人骨髓瘤细胞系（U266、XG—7）与血管内皮细胞粘附效应的影响

５１Ｃｒ标记多发性骨髓瘤细胞系的方法，分析它们与血管内皮细胞间的粘附效应和细胞团子（ＩＬ－４、ｒＩＦＮ、ＴＮＦ）对该粘附的调控作用，并探讨这３种因子对正常血管内皮细胞粘附分子表达及可溶性因子分泌的影响．结果表明：（１）ＩＬ－４、ｒＩＦＮ、ＴＮＦ之间的联合应用可显著提高Ｕ２６６ＸＧ—７与血管内皮细胞的粘附能力．（２）ＩＬ—４、ｒＩＦＮ、ＴＮＦ可提高血管内皮细胞表面ＣＤ５４、ＣＤ４４的表达，并不同程度地促进了内皮细胞分泌ＩＬ—６、Ｇ—ＣＳＦ和ＴＮＦ等因子。提示这３种细胞因子可能有助于多发性骨髓瘤细胞的转移扩散．     

矢车菊素－３－葡萄糖苷通过降低ＳＴＡＴ３活化抑制ＴＮＦ－α诱导的小鼠血管平滑肌细胞增殖

【目的】 探讨矢车菊素－３－葡萄糖苷（Ｃ３Ｇ）对ＴＮＦ－α诱导的血管平滑肌增殖的影响及可能的机制。【方法】 Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ小鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ） 购于ＡＴＣＣ,体外培养后以Ｃ３Ｇ对细胞进行预处理后观察ＴＮＦ－α的促细胞增殖作用;Ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｅｔｈｉｄｉｕｍ （ＤＨＥ）荧光染色检测ＶＳＭＣ在ＴＮＦ－α作用下的活性氧（ＲＯＳ）生成情况;实时定量ＰＣＲ检测细胞内ＮＡＤＰＨ氧化酶活化蛋白１（ＮｏｘＡ１）的ｍＲＮＡ水平;蛋白质印迹法检测细胞内ＮｏｘＡ１、信号转导与转录激活因子３ （ＳＴＡＴ３）、磷酸化ＳＴＡＴ３及β－ａｃｔｉｎ的表达水平。统计学方法采用单因素方差分析。【结果】 Ｃ３Ｇ预处理能够抑制ＴＮＦ－α诱导的ＶＳＭＣ增殖,该作用呈现剂量、时间依赖性。联合应用５０ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｃ３Ｇ及１００ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ ａｐｏｃｙｎｉｎ显著减少ＴＮＦ－α诱导ＲＯＳ的生成。Ｃ３Ｇ联合ａｐｏｃｙｎｉｎ较Ｃ３Ｇ或ａｐｏｃｙｎｉｎ单独孵育更能显著抑制ＴＮＦ－α处理下ＶＳＭＣ内ＮｏｘＡ１基因的表达及ＳＴＡＴ３蛋白的磷酸化。应用ＲＯＳ清除剂触媒（ｃａｔａｌａｓｅ ２ ０００ Ｕ／ｍＬ）能显著抑制ＴＮＦ－α诱导的ＶＳＭＣ增殖及ＳＴＡＴ３蛋白活化。【结论】 Ｃ３Ｇ对抗ＴＮＦ－α诱导ＶＳＭＣ增殖的机制很可能是通过削弱ＮｏｘＡ１导致的ＲＯＳ生成,从而抑制ＳＴＡＴ３蛋白的激活。     

细胞因子对再生障碍性贫血患者发病的影响

为探讨ＡＡ的免疫发病机制，阐明细胞因子在ＡＡ患者中变化的基础与临床意义，应用ＥＬＩＳＡ法及ＡＰＡＡＰ法对３８例初治ＡＡ患者及２０名正常人外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＮＣ）培养上清诱生的Ｇ－ＣＳＦ、ＩＬ－６、ＴＮＦα、ＩＦＮα及ＩＬ－８进行检测，同时观察外周血象、Ｔ细胞亚群及ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达。结果：ＡＡ患者外周血ＣＤ４减低，ＣＤ８增高，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８减低或倒置，ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原表达率增高。ＡＡ患者ＰＢＭＮＣ培养上清中Ｇ－ＣＳＦ阳性率减低，ＩＬ－６、ＴＮＦα、ＩＦＮα及ＩＬ－８水平增高。Ｇ－ＣＳＦ与ＣＤ４及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８呈正相关而与ＩＦＮα呈负相关，ＩＬ－６与白细胞数及ＣＤ４呈负相关，ＴＮＦα与ＣＤ８呈正相关而与ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８呈负相关，ＩＬ－８与ＣＤ８及ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ呈负相关，证明细胞免疫功能异常及细胞因子网络失调在ＡＡ发病中起重要作用，激活的ＣＤ８细胞可以抑制造血，多种因素引起的细胞因子紊乱最终引发ＡＡ。     

再生障碍性贫血患者细胞免疫功能及抗T细胞单克隆抗体的免疫调节及造血调控的研究

观察了再生障碍性贫血（ＡＡ）１６５例的淋巴细胞比值，用ＡＰＡＡＰ法和ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定Ｔ１３８例的Ｔ细胞亚群、８９例ＨＩＪＡ－ＤＲ抗原的表达及１６例ＰＢＭＮＣ培养上清的ＴＮＦα水平，用抗Ｔ淋巴细胞单克隆抗体ＳＭＵ３和ＳＭＵ８治疗了ＡＡ患者６３例。结果表明，ＡＡ患者体内细胞免疫功能紊乱，表现为Ｔ细胞亚群比例失衡，ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原表达增高，ＴＮＦα分泌增加；用ＳＭＵ３、ＳＮＵ８单抗治疗ＡＡ的总有效率为７９．３％，且具有疗效快、副作用小、重复应用仍安全有效等优点。     

IL—4,γIFN及INF对人骨髓瘤细胞系（U266,XG—7）与血管内…

用＾５１Ｃｒ标记多发性骨髓瘤细胞系的方法，分析它们与血管内皮细胞间的粘附效应和细胞因子（ＩＬ－４、γＩＦＮ、ＴＮＦ）对该粘附的调控作用，并探讨这３种因子对正常血管内皮细胞粘附分子表达及可溶性因子分泌的影响。结果表明：（Ｉ）ＩＬ－４、γＩＦＮ、ＴＮＦ可提高血管内皮细胞表面ＣＤ５４、ＣＤ４４的表达，并不同程度地促进地内皮细胞分泌ＩＬ－６、Ｇ－ＣＳＦ和ＩＮＦ等因子。提示这３种细胞因子可能有助于多发性骨髓     

uPA及其抗uPA抗体和其他因素对U937细胞uPAR的影响

目的 观察ｕＰＡ、抗体等因素对Ｕ９３７细胞表达ｕＰＡＲ的影响。方法 以受体放射配基结合分析法（ＲＢＡ）测定Ｕ９３７细胞的ｕＰＡＲ,并用ｕＰＡ、抗ｕＰＡ抗体、ＰＭＡ、ＴＮＦ－α、ＩＦＮ－γ和放线菌素Ｄ刺激培养细胞。结果 ＰＭＡ、ＴＮＦ－α、ＩＦＮ－γ都能使细胞表达ｕＰＡＲ增多,放线菌素Ｄ具有抑制作用。抗ｕＰＡ抗体使ＰＭＡ非刺激或刺激细胞的ｕＰＡＲ数减少,刺激细胞的粘附贴壁性能下降。外源性ｕＰＡ能增强     

转hGM－CSF基因人膀胱癌细胞株的建立及其生物学特性

采用逆转录病毒载体将ｈＧＭ－ＣＳＦ基因导入人膀胱癌细胞株ＢＩＵ－８７细胞中，建立转基因细胞株ＢＩＵ／ＧＭ。经ＰＣＲ－ＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎＢｌｏｔ杂交证实ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ基因已整合到ＢＩＵ／ＧＭ细胞基因组中。经流式细胞仪细胞ＤＮＡ周期分析表明，转基因前后ＢＩＵ－８７细胞增殖状态无变化。免疫荧光检测发现ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ基因导入及表达不能促进ＢＩＵ－８７细胞表面ＨＬＡ－ＡＢＣ、ＤＲ、ＤＱ抗原的表达。转基因细胞经６０Ｇｙ／ｓＸ线灭活后，丧失增殖能力，但能维持一定水平的ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ分泌活性达２周。本文为进行转基因瘤苗的深入研究奠定了初步基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.