熊去氧胆酸治疗慢性肝病残留胆红素血症62例

各种慢性肝病经治疗后少数患者肝功能基本稳定,但往往残留轻中度胆红素血症.我院2004年1月～2006年10月收治的慢性乙型肝炎、慢性丙型肝炎、酒精性肝硬化及代偿期肝硬化患者62例,经应用熊去氧胆酸治疗胆红素血症,疗效较好.     

干扰素－α治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效观察

我国是HBV感染的高发区．其中3000万为慢性乙型肝炎患者,该病愈后差^[1,2],部分可发展为肝硬化和肝细胞癌。有效治疗慢性乙型肝炎,降低HBV感染是我们的当务之急。2005年中华医学会肝病学分会,感染病学分会联合制定的“慢性乙型肝炎防治指南”中,明确指出慢性乙肝的治疗关键是抗病毒^[3]．国外报道干扰素-α治疗慢性乙型肝炎,1年内复发率超过50％。为了解干扰素-α对我国慢性乙型肝炎的疗效,我们观察了干扰素-α治疗效果并记录随访24个月的结果．现报道如下。     

慢性丙型肝炎抗病毒治疗的研究进展

慢性丙型肝炎由于其肝硬化和肝癌的发生率明显高于慢性乙型肝炎而倍受人们的重视和关注，研究发现约20％～30％慢性丙型肝炎患者在10～20年后发展为肝硬化，5％～10％进展到终末期肝病，一旦发展为肝硬化，这些病人患肝癌的可能性大大增加，可达1％～4％。抗病毒治疗有助于减缓或终止肝硬化的发生，降低肝癌的发生率。     

阿德福韦酯与苦参碱联合治疗慢性乙肝高胆红素血症疗效观察

临床部分慢乙肝患者有高胆红素血症,而暂无严重的凝血机制障碍,有向肝硬化发展的可能[1],为了预防肝衰竭发生率和病死率,快速抑制乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）复制的核苷类似物治疗伴有高胆红素血症的慢性乙型肝炎已达到共识[2],我们用阿德福韦酯和苦参碱治疗伴高胆红素血症的慢性乙型肝炎患者,发现这种联合能抑制病毒复制,消退黄疸和恢复肝功能的作用,现报道如下.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者健康教育的实施与探讨

我国是乙型肝炎病毒感染大国,慢性乙型肝炎患者众多.目前,中国约有9300万人感染乙肝病毒,其中慢性乙型肝炎患者约2000万例.罹患慢性乙肝后如果不进行规范治疗,就有可能发展成肝硬化、肝癌,严重威胁到患者的健康.目前认为抗病毒疗法是治疗慢性乙肝的关键.抗病毒治疗疗程长,费用高,且服药过程中可能出现病情反复、病毒发生变异等问题,这些因素都可影响患者治疗的依从性,进而影响治疗效果.因此,加强乙肝患者的健康教育,提高患者治疗依从性,对提高治疗效果、减少和延缓不良反应的发生具有重要意义.     

海洋石油湛江基地慢性乙型肝炎患者抑郁焦虑状态的调查

慢性乙型肝炎目前尚无有效治疗方法，而且病程迁延，部分患者还会发展为肝硬化、原发性肝癌、肝衰竭，因具有明确的传染性，对工作、家庭、婚姻、经济等方面均产生不同程度的影响，给患者带来较大的心理压力。本文旨在通过问卷调查114例海洋石油员工、家属慢性乙型肝炎患者，探讨其并发抑郁、焦虑的相关因素，报道如下。     

慢性乙型肝炎治疗进展

我国是乙型肝炎高发国家，全国乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）携带者约1．3亿，慢性肝炎患者约有2300万。国内外普遍认为，HBV在体内长期复制是肝炎活动，并向纤维化、肝硬化和肝癌发展的主要因素，故慢性乙肝抗病毒治疗是关键。慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒治疗的目标是长期抑制病毒复制，抑制肝脏炎症反应，延缓纤维化发展。     

小导管胸腔引流术及胸腔注射噻哌、醋酸泼尼松治疗肝性胸水的探索

肝性胸水的发生机理尚未明了,治疗也非常辣手。本文报告1例慢性重症乙型肝炎、肝硬化并发大量胸腹水患者应用小导管胸腔引流术及胸腔注射噻嗜哌、醋酸泼尼松治疗肝性胸水成功的经验,并提出变态反应参与肝性胸水发生的新观点。     

慢性乙型肝炎与乙型肝炎后肝硬化患者后心理健康状况调查

为了解慢性乙型肝炎 (下称慢乙肝 )和乙型肝炎后肝硬化 (下称乙肝后肝硬化 )患者的心理健康状况,我们对住院的 40例慢乙肝和 40例乙肝后肝硬化患者及 80名正常健康人进行了问卷式心理调查,以期对慢性肝病的心理治疗提供依据。1　临床资料1. 1　一般资料　研究对象为 2003年 1月—2003年 12月在我院住院的部分确诊为慢性乙肝病人和乙肝后肝硬化病人,其诊断均符合中华医学会 2000年 9月西安会议修订的病毒性肝炎防治方案 [1],慢性乙肝组 40例,男 35例,女5例,年龄 (45±9. 76)岁,病程 ( 5. 36±3. 27 )年,乙肝后肝硬化组 40例,男 34例,女 6…     

安络化纤丸治疗慢性乙型肝炎肝硬化53例疗效观察

目的：观察慢性乙型肝炎患者应用安络化纤丸治疗后肝功能,血清肝硬化指标。方法：治疗组应用安络化纤丸,对照组应用复方丹参滴丸治疗,疗程均为三个月。结果：安络化纤丸治疗组在降低谷丙转氨酶和血清肝纤维指标,优于对照组。结论：安络化纤丸具有较好的的改善肝功能和抗纤维化的作用,值得临床进一步推广使用。     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

Temporal changes in the oxidation state in in vitro blood

The rates at which the paramagnetic compounds deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MHb) form in vivo within an area of hemorrhage are unknown. The present experiment establishes the baseline concentrations and rates of change in paramagnetic hemoglobin concentrations, as well as the pH in normal heparinized and clotted human blood maintained in vitro at 37 degrees C under anaerobic conditions over 30 hours. There was a moderate increase in Hb concentration in normal heparinized blood (average increase was 15.5%, rate = 0.50%/hour) and a slight increase in MHb concentration in the heparinized blood and clots (average increase was 1.4%, rate = 0.044%/hour). A second experiment was done to verify the activity of the RBC systems responsible for maintaining the hemoglobin molecule in the reduced state. Conversion of MHb to Hb in these samples proceeded at a rate of 5.6%/hour. In a third experiment, blood from 11 normal subjects maintained at 4 degrees C 25 degrees C was analyzed for MHb concentration over the course of 28 days. The level of MHb formation remained in the range of normal for at least 11 days in all subjects. The authors conclude that at basal conditions created in vitro, the blood levels of both Hb and MHb remain at relatively low levels. Therefore, if the accumulation of Hb and/or MHb occurs in acute in vivo hematomas it must be driven by intrinsic tissue factors.     

Carcinoma in situ in cryptorchid testes in post-pubertal patients]

The pathohistologic analysis of testis sections of 37 postpuberty patients with different types of cryptorchism is performed. The tissue samples were taken during orchiopehy, fixed in Bouin's solution and treated by the standard histologic techniques. The morphologic criteria are presented for identification of the presence of the so called carcinoma in situ cells found in two cases. Besides, in 13 patients rare, mainly single, atypical germinative cells were found in a smaller number of the seminiferous tubules. It has been concluded that the presence of carcinoma in situ cells in undescended testes of some patients and considering the simple way of sampling, lack of complications and high reliability of the diagnostic procedure, it is absolutely justified to take routine biopsy of testes during orchiopexy in each postpuberty and perhaps prepuberty patient.     

我国医用辐射防护研究概况

医学放射学技术的迅速发展及介入放射学在临床广泛应用，使更多的人受到电离辐射的照射，同时也促进了医疗照射防护工作的发展。文中重点综述了我国医用辐射防护工作者近年来在Ｘ射线ＣＴ的医疗照射防护、对介入放射学工作者的剂量监测以及应用医疗照射防护体系，降低医疗照射剂量等方面所作出的成绩和研究进展     

新时期军医学院人才培养的思考

在新的历史条件下 ,军医学院迎接未来高技术局部战争的挑战 ,适应部队武器装备的不断更新以及医学科技、社会发展对人才素质提出的新要求 ,必须在更为广阔的时空背景下找准人才培养的着眼点 ,科学确立人才培养方向 ,提高人才培养质量。现就人才培养思考如下 :1　改变教育观念 ,     

成批煤气爆燃烧伤的救治体会

报道治疗因煤气泄漏爆炸烧伤病员7例，经应用MEBT技术积极救治，其中6例于伤后17天痊愈出院，另一例特重伤员也于伤后30天康复出院。作者认为：应严格按照MEBT／MEBO要求进行规范治疗，正确处理生命体征、休克、感染、脏器功能和创面的辨证关系。同时，不能忽视外科营养在过程中的重要作用，它是创面修复的物质保证。