Effect of Wumeiwan on Cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and Expression of NF-κBp65 in Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

The effects of Wumeiwan （WMW） on TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and NF-κBp65 in rats with ulcerative colitis （UC） were investigated, the curative effectiveness of WMW vs salicylazosulfapyridine （SASP） was compared, and the action mechanism was analyzed. Fifty-Six Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into four groups （n=14 in each group, with equal ratio of male and female）： normal control group, model group, SASP group, and WMW group. Except normal control group, the rat UC models in the remaining three groups were established using the method of 2.4-dinitrochlorobenzene （DNCB） immunization and acetic acid local enema. The rats in model group, SASP group, and WMW group were treated with distilled water, SASP, and WMW respectively. The changes in the symptoms and signs were observed, and levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-10 and the expression of NF-κBp65 in the colonic tissues were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were significantly increased （P〈0.01）, while those of IL-10 significantly reduced （P〈0.01） after establishment of rat UC models as compared with normal control group. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were obviously lower, but the level of IL-10 was obviously higher in WMW and SASP groups than those in model group （P〈0.05）. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were lower, while the level oflL-10 was higher in WMW group than in SASP group. NF-κBp65 was expressed negatively or weakly in normal colonic tissues. The positive expression rate of NF-κBp65 in WMW group and SASP group was obviously lower than in model group （P〈0.01）, and there was significant difference between WMW group and SASP group （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that rat UC model was established successfully. WMW could up-regulate the expression of IL-10, down-regulate the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and inhibit the NF-κBp65 activity to adjust immune function, indicating WMW had better curative effects on UC in rats.     

Effects of Curcumin on Pain Threshold and on the Expression of Nuclear Factor κB and CX3C Receptor 1 after Sciatic Nerve Chronic Constrictive Injury in Rats

Objective：To investigate the effects of curcumin on pain threshold and the expressions of nuclear factorκB（NF-κB）and CX3C chemokine receptor 1（CX3CR1）in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion（DRG）of the rats with sciatic nerve chronic constrictive injury.Methods：One hundred and twenty male Sprague Dawley rats,weighing 220-250 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups.Sham surgery（sham）group：the sciatic nerves of rats were only made apart but not ligated;chronic constrictive injury（CCI）group：the sciatic nerves of rats were only ligated without any drug treatment;curcumin treated injury（Cur）model group：the rats were administrated with curcumin 100 mg/（kg·d）by intraperitoneal injection for 14 days after CCI;solvent control（SC）group：the rats were administrated with the solvent at the same dose for 14 days after CCI.Thermal withdrawal latency（TWL）and mechanical withdrawal threshold（MWT）of rats were respectively measured on pre-operative day 2 and postoperative day 1,3,5,7,10 and 14.The lumbar segment L4-5 of the spinal cord and the L4,L5 DRG was removed at post-operative day 3,7 and 14.The change of nuclear factorκB（NF-κB）p65 expression was detected by Western blotting while the expression of CX3CR1 was determined by immunohistochemical staining.Results：Compared with the sham group,the TWL and MWT of rats in the CCI group were significantly decreased on each post-operative day（P〈0.01）,which reached a nadir on the 3rd day after CCI,and the expressions of NF-κB p65and CX3CR1 were markedly increased in spinal cord dorsal horn and DRG.In the Cur group,the TWL of rats were significantly increased than those in the CCI group on post-operative day 7,10 and 14（P〈0.05）and MWT increased than those in the CCI group on post-operative day 10 and 14（P〈0.05）.In addition,the administration of curcumin significantly decreased the positive expressions of NF-κB p65 and CX3CR1 in spinal cord and DRG（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Our study suggests that curcumin cou     

Effect of Berberine on Expression of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-4α in Rats with Fructose-induced Insulin Resistance

The effects of berberine on the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α(HNF-4α) in liver of rats with fructose-induced insulin resistance and the molecular mechanism of berberine preventing insulin resistance were investigated.The experimental animals were divided into two groups of 16 animals each.The control group received a control routine diet containing 60% carbohydrate,and the study group a high-fructose diet containing 60% fructose as the sole source of carbohydrate.At the end of 6 weeks these were each subdivided into two groups.One was administered with berberine [187.5 mg/(kg·d) in 5 g/L carboxymethyl cellulose] by intragastric intubation and the other group was treated with a vehicle(5 g/L carboxymethyl cellulose).The rats were fed on the same dietary regimen for the next 4 weeks.After the experimental period of 10 weeks,plasma glucose,insulin and triglyceride levels were measured.HOMA insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) was assayed.Immunohistochemistry,semiquantitative RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of HNF-4α in liver.Compared with control diet,fructose feeding induced hyperinsulinemia,HOMA-IR and increased triglyceride(all P<0.01).Berberine prevented the rise in plasma insulin(P<0.01),HOMA-IR(P<0.01) and triglyceride(P<0.05) in the fructose-fed rats.No change in plasma glucose was seen among these groups.The mRNA and protein expression of HNF-4α was decreased in the fructose-fed rats,but berberine could promote its expression.It was concluded that berberine could prevent fructose-induced insulin resistance in rats possibly by promoting the expression HNF-4α in liver.     

Effect of Xuezhikang Capsule(血脂康胶囊)on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-αand Interleukin-6 in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hyperlipidemia

<正>Objective:To evaluate the effect of Xuezhikang Capsule(血脂康胶囊) on the serum levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and hyperlipidemia,and to explore whether it has anti-inflammatory effect.Methods:A total of 84 patients were randomly assigned to two groups with stratified block randomization, the treatment group(42 cases) and the control group(42 cases).They were treated with Xuezhikang Capsule and polyene phosphatidylcholine capsule for twenty-four weeks,respectively.The changes in serum TNF-αand IL-6 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay before treatment and at the 12th and 24th week. Results:Compared with those before treatment,the serum levels of TNF-αand IL-6 significantly decreased in both groups after treatment(P0.01).There was no significant change between the two groups for the treatments at different time points(P0.05) and between the two groups for treatments at the same time points (P0.05).Conclusion:Xuezhikang Capsule can inhibit the serum inflammatory factor in patients with NAFLD and hyperlipidemia.     

Changes of Tumor Necrosis Factor, Surfactant Protein A, and Phospholipids in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in the Development and Progression of Coal Workers＇ Pneumoconiosis

Objective To evaluate the alterations of biomarkers in the development and progression of coal workers＇ pneumoconiosis （CWP）. Methods The type and number of cells, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）, pulmonary surfactant protein, phospholipids and fibronectin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were assayed in 14 health active coal miners, 21 coal miners without CWP and 13 miners with CWP of 0/1 to 1/1. Results Compared to active coal miners without CWP （8,23μg/mL）, TNF-α concentration was gradually decreased when dust exposure was stopped （5.90 μg/mL）. Elevated surfactant protein A （SP-A） level and phosphatidylglycerol （PG） to phosphatidylinositol （PI） ratio were found in miners actively exposed to coal dust （6528 μg/mL for SP-A and 10. for PG/P1）, and both parameters decreased when CWP progressed from CWP （0/1） （3419μg/mL for SP-A and 5.9 for PG/PI） to CWP （1/1） （1654 μg/mL for SP-A and 5.5 for PG/PI）. Conclusion Biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid can be used to screen coal miners at high risk of developing coal workers＇ pneumoconiosis.     

Effect of Wenhua Juanbi Recipe (温化蠲痹方) on Expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa B Ligand, Osteoprotegerin, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 14 in Rats with Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Objective: To study the effect of Wenhua Juanbi Recipe(温化蠲痹方, WJR) on expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL), osteoprotegerin(OPG), and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14(TNFRSF14, also known as LIGHT) in rats with collagen-induced arthritis(CIA). Methods: CIA rats were generated by subcutaneous injection of bovine collagen type-Ⅱ at the tail base. Sixty CIA rats were randomly assigned(10 animals/group) to: model, methotrexate(MTX)-treated(0.78 mg/kg body weight), and WJR-treated(22.9 g/kg) groups. Healthy normal rats(n=10) were used as the normal control. Treatments or saline were administered once daily by oral gavage. Rats were sacrificed at day 28 post-treatment and knee synovium and peripheral blood serum were collected. Toe swelling degree and expression of RANKL, OPG, and LIGHT were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with the normal group, toe swelling degree was significantly increased in the model group(P0.01). After treatment, toe swelling degree decreased significantly in the WJR and MTX groups compared with the model group(P0.01). Compared with the normal group, expression of RANKL and LIGHT were significantly increased and OPG significantly decreased in peripheral blood and synovium of the model group(P0.01). Conversely, RANKL and LIGHT expression were significantly reduced and OPG increased in the WJR and MTX groups compared with the model group(P0.01). No statistically significant difference existed between WJR and MTX groups. Conclusion: WJR likely acts by reducing RANKL expression and increasing OPG expression, thus inhibiting RANKL/RANK interaction and reducing LIGHT expression, thereby inhibiting osteoclast formation/activation to block bone erosion.     

Effects of Yixin Jiangya Capsules on Insulin Resistance and Tumor Necrosis Factor-a in Cases of Primary Hypertension with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

To observe the effects of Ftxin Jiangya Capsules （益心降压胶囊capsules for nourishing the heart and lowering blood pressure） on insulin resistance （IR） and tumor necrosis factor-a （TNF-a） in patients with primary hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH）. Methods： Totally 93 cases were randomly divided into a control group of 31 cases taking Enalapril and a treatment group of 62 cases taking Enalapril and Irtxin Jiangya Capsules. Results： Fasting serum insulin （FSI） and TNF-a obviously increased and insulin sensitive index （ISI） significantly decreased in both groups before treatment as compared to those of a healthy group. After treatment, FSI, TNF-a and fasting blood glucose （FBG） obviously decreased and ISI remarkably increased in the treatment group, while ISI significantly increased and TNF-a obviously decreased in the control group. The curative effect in the treatment group was remarkably superior to that in the control group. FSI was positively related to TNF-a before treatment in both groups. Conclusion： FSI and TNF-a obviously increase and ISI significantly decreases in patients with primary hypertension with LVH. FSI and TNF-a influencing each other are involved in the generation and development of hypertension. Irtxin Jiangya Capsules can improve IR and decrease TNF-a.     

Experimental Study on Inhibitory Effect of Niacinamide on Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha-induced Matrix Degradation of Annulus Fibrous Tissue in vitro

The inhibitory effect of niacinamide on tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） induced annulus fibrous （AF） degradation was assessed, and the mechanism of the inhibition was investigated. Chiba＇s intervertebral disc （IVD） culture model was established. Forty-eight IVDs from 12 adult Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups （12 IVDs in each group）, and various concentrations of niacinamide and TNF-α were added to the medium for intervention： negative control group, niacinamide control group （0.5 mg/mL niacinamide）, degeneration group （10 ng/mL TNF-α）, and treatment group （0.5 mg/mL niacinamide and 10 ng/mL TNF-α）. After one week＇s culture, AFs were collected for glycosaminoglycan （GS） content measurement, safranin O-fast green staining, and immunohistochemical staining for type Ⅰ , Ⅱ collagen and cysteine containing aspartate specific prote- ase-3 （Caspase-3）. It was found that the GS content in treatment group was increased by about 48% as compared with degeneration group （t=16.93, P〈0.001）, and close to that in niacinamide control group （t=0.71, P=0.667）. Safranine O-fast green staining exhibited higher staining density and better histological structure of AF in the treatment group as compared with the degeneration group. Immunohistochemical staining for both TypeⅠ and Ⅱ collagen demonstrated that lamellar structure and continuity of collagen in treatment group were better reserved than in degeneration group. Positive staining rate of Caspase-3 in AFs of negative control group, niacinamide control group, degeneration group and treatment group was 3.4%, 4.3%, 17.9% and 10.3% respectively. The positive rate in treatment group was significantly lower than in degeneration group （P〈0.01）. It was concluded that niacinamide could effectively alleviate TNF-α induced destruction and synthesis inhibition of matrix ingredients in AFs. The inhibition may be related with reduction of expression of Caspase-3. Thus, niacinamide is of potential f     

Effect of Mifepristone on Transforming Growth Factor-β and its Receptor Transcription in Decidua, Villi and Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor -α Level in Early Human Gestation

Mifepristone is a progesterone antagonist which acts at the level of the receptor. Itbinds the progesterone receptor with a high affinity and antagonises progesterone biologicalaction. It has been applied in clinical use for multiple therapeutic purposes. In obstetrics andgynecology, mifepristone has been effective in medical termination of pregnancy in the firsttrimester. Mifepristone followed approximately 48 h later by a prostaglandin analog hasbeen reported to effect complete abortion in 9…     

Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on HIF-1α expression and brain edema in rat with intracerebral hemorrhage

目的 探讨高压氧对血肿周边脑组织中HIF-1α蛋白表达和脑水肿程度的影响.方法 SD大鼠88只随机分为假手术对照组(sham组,8只)、脑出血组(ICH组)和脑出血+高压氧治疗组(HBO治疗组). ICH组和HBO治疗组又分为6h组、24h组、3d组、7d组和14d组,每组8只.采用自体血脑内注射法建立脑出血动物模型,干湿比重法测定脑组织含水量,以免疫组化的方法检测血肿周边脑组织中HIF-1α蛋白表达情况,同时观察高压氧对脑水肿和HIF-1α-达的影响.结果 ICH组和HBO治疗组与sham组比较,脑组织含水量明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).HBO治疗组与ICH组大鼠脑组织含水量第14天时比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与sham组比较,ICH组和HBO治疗组HIF-1α表达明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).HBO治疗组与ICH组大鼠脑组织中HIF-1α表达第14天时比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).ICH组HIF-1α蛋白表达与脑水肿的程度成正相关(P＜0.01);HBO治疗组HIF-1α蛋白表达与脑水肿的程度无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 HIF-1α在血肿周边脑组织中的表达与脑水肿的形成和发展有关,高压氧可抑制HIF-1α蛋白的表达并减轻脑水肿.     

Comparative research between Bai-hua Qian-hu, a Chinese traditional plant, and its active ingredient on nuclear factor-κB and tumor necrosis factor-α in isolated ischemia-reperfusion heart of rat

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a complicated pathophysiological process, which is involved in calcium overload, free radical production, metabolic abnormalities, and inflammatory reaction. With the development of modem molecular biology, the expression and regulation of gene in myocardial I/R injury arefocused on NF-κB.     

Expression of Nuclear Factor κB Activity in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell in Elderly Patients With Early Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy and Its Related Factors

目的 观察老年糖尿病肾病早期患者外周血单个核细胞中核因子-κB(NF-κB)p65磷酸化活化水平、血清炎症因子超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素6(IL-6)、白介素1β(IL-1β)水平,探讨NF-κB p65的磷酸化水平与胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)、尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、糖脂代谢等因素的关系.方法 选择老年2型糖尿病肾病早期患者(DN组)66例及老年健康体检者对照组(NC组)30例为研究对象,测定外周静脉血NF-κB p65的磷酸化水平,血清炎症因子(hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β)水平,生化指标:空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(PBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、空腹胰岛素(FINS),测量身高、体重、血压,计算HOMA-IR、UAER.结果 DN组外周血NF-κB p65水平和血清炎症因子hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平比NC组升高(P＜0.05).相关分析显示,NF-κB与FBG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR、UAER呈正相关关系(r=0.920、0.953、0.911、0.859,P＜0.01).结论 老年糖尿病肾病早期患者外周血NF-κB表达水平升高,其表达水平与血糖控制水平、胰岛素抵抗、尿白蛋白排泄率相关.     

Effect of gypenosides-containing serum on the NF-κB pathway in photoaging HaCaT cell

目的 探讨绞股蓝总皂苷含药血清对光老化人永生化皮肤角质形成细胞株(HaCaT)细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及调节核因子-κB (NF -κB)表达的干预作用.方法 采用中波紫外线(UVB)照射的方法建立光老化HaCaT细胞模型,并给予含不同浓度绞股蓝总皂苷的大鼠血清进行干预,12 h后采用ELISA、Western blot方法检测各组细胞分泌TNF-α含量及NF-κB蛋白的表达水平.结果 与正常对照组比较,紫外线(UV)模型组细胞培养上清液中TNF-α含量及细胞NF-κB表达水平显著上调.与UV模型组比较,低、中、高剂量绞股蓝总皂苷含药血清组细胞培养上清液中TNF-α含量及细胞NF -κB蛋白表达水平显著下调.结论 抑制NF -κB信号通路可能是绞股蓝总皂苷含药血清苷抑制皮肤光老化的作用机制之一.     

Effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on toll-like receptors in patients with severe multiple trauma

This study examined the effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(ω-3PUFA) on the expression of toll-like receptor 2(TLR2),toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and some related inflammatory factors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of patients with early-stage severe multiple trauma.Thirty-two patients who were admitted to the Department of Traumatic Surgery,Tongji Hospital(Wuhan,China) between May 2010 and November 2010,and diagnosed as having severe multiple trauma with a injury severity score(ISS) no less than 16,were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups at random(n=16 in each):ω-3PUFA group and control group in which routine parenteral nutrition supplemented with ω-3PUFA or not was administered to the patients in two groups for consecutive 7 days.Peripheral blood from these patients was collected within 2 h of admission(day 0),and 1,3,5 and 7 days after the nutritional support.PBMCs were isolated and used for detection of the mRNA and protein expression of TLR2 and TLR4 by using real-time PCR and flow cytometry respectively,the levels of NF-κB by quantum dots-based immunofluorescence assay,the levels of TNF-α,IL-2,IL-6 and COX-2 by ELISA,respectively.The results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in PBMCs was significantly lower in ω-3PUFA group than in control group 5 and 7 days after nutrition support(both P<0.05).The levels of TNF-α,IL-2,IL-6 and COX-2 were found to be substantially decreased in PBMCs in ω-3PUFA group as compared with control group at 5th and 7th day(P<0.05 for all).It was concluded that ω-3PUFA can remarkably decrease the expression of TLR2,TLR4 and some related inflammatory factors in NF-κB signaling pathway in PBMCs of patients with severe multiple trauma,which suggests that ω-3PUFA may suppress the excessive inflammatory response meditated by the TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway.     

Clinical significance of detecting serum levels of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-8 and IL-6 in patients with Breast cancer

目的 探讨乳腺癌患者血清中IL--6、IL-8、IL-10和TNF-α水平与乳腺癌发病的关系.方法 应用放射免疫分析方法检测50例乳腺癌患者不同时期血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10和TNF-α水平,并与30例正常者对照比较.结果 乳腺癌患者活动期血清中IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α的含量显著高于缓解期和对照组,IL-10含量显著低于缓解期和对照组.缓解期IL-6、IL-8、IL-10和TNF-α含量与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).活动期IL-6、IL-8表达水平与TNF-α呈正相关,与IL-10呈负相关.结论 乳腺癌患者活动期IL-10表达水平降低,IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α 表达水平升高,使体内免疫调节失衡,从而成为乳腺癌患者病因之一.乳腺癌患者血清中IL-6、IL-8、IL-10和TNF-α水平与疾病严重程度显著相关.     

Effect of artemisinin combined with glucocorticoid on the expressions of glucocorticoid receptor α mRNA, glucocorticoid receptor β mRNA and P300/CBP protein in lupus nephritis mice

Objective  

To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of using artemisinin (Art) combined with glucocorticoid (GC) to treat lupus nephritis (LN) mice. (mice. to treat lupus nephritis