锁骨钩钢板治疗TossyⅢ度肩锁关节脱位26例疗效分析

目的 探讨锁骨钩钢板治疗TossyⅢ度肩锁关节脱位的有效方法 .方法 采用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗新鲜TossyⅢ度肩锁关节脱位26例.结果 按照Karlsson标准评定患者术后功能,优良20例,满意6例.所有患者均无钢板螺钉松动、断裂.结论 应用锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位具有操作简单、复位好、牢固可靠、肩关节功能恢复快、并发症少等特点,是目前治疗新鲜TossyⅢ度肩锁关节脱位疗效确切而理想的方法 ,可作为首选.     

锁骨钩钢板治疗Ⅲ度肩锁关节脱位42例

目的探讨应用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗Ⅲ度肩锁关节脱位的临床疗效。方法2000年3月至2007年4月应用上述方法治疗Ⅲ度肩锁关节脱位42例（均为新鲜脱位）全部修复肩锁韧带及喙锁韧带。结果随访13～18个月，平均16个月，无一例出现脱钩、断板、螺钉松动及伤口感染。结论锁骨钩钢板治疗Ⅲ度肩锁关节脱位是一种具有操作简单、复位良好、固定可靠、肩关节功能恢复良好、并发症少等特点的有效方法，且内固定物取出后不复发，是目前治疗Ⅲ度新鲜肩锁关节脱位的首选方法，值得推广。     

锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位

目的：探讨锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位疗效。方法：用锁骨钩钢板治疗16例TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位,术后随访3-18个月。结果：随访肩关节活动基本正常,无钢板断裂,螺钉松动和再脱位。结论：锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位操作简单,创伤小,疗效满意。     

带袢钢板重建喙锁韧带与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的比较

目的 比较带袢钢板重建喙锁韧带与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位对患者肩关节活动度、肩关节功能的影响。方法 纳入自2018-01—2021-01诊治的76例Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位,其中40例采用带袢钢板重建喙锁韧带治疗（带袢钢板组）,36例采用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗（锁骨钩钢板组）。比较两组术后6个月肩关节功能Constant-Murley评分、末次随访时肩关节活动度、并发症发生情况。结果 76例均获得随访,随访时间平均8.4(6～12)个月。带袢钢板组出现1例（2.5%）并发症（喙锁韧带骨化）,锁骨钩钢板组出现6例（16.7%）并发症（3例喙锁韧带骨化,2例肩峰撞击综合征,1例肩锁关节骨性关节炎）,带袢钢板组并发症发生率低于锁骨钩钢板组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。带袢钢板组术后6个月肩关节功能Constant-Murley评分高于锁骨钩钢板组,末次随访时肩关节外展上举活动度、前屈上举活动度均大于锁骨钩钢板组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 带袢钢板重建喙锁韧带治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的疗效优于锁骨钩...     

保守治疗与锁骨钩钢板内固定手术治疗Rockwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位的中长期疗效对比研究

目的通过对比评估分析保守治疗与锁骨钩钢板内固定手术治疗Rockwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位的中长期临床疗效,为临床上该类型肩锁关节脱位的治疗方式的选择提供依据。 方法回顾性分析自2015年9月至2016年9月在中山市中医院关节科诊治为Roockwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位的患者,入选72例,成功随访47例,采用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗（钩钢板组）23例、采用保守治疗方法（保守治疗组）24例。随访观察比较两组术后（损伤后）1年、3年、5年视觉模拟评分法（visual analogu scale,VAS）、肩关节功能评分以及并发症发生率。 结果术后1年随访锁骨钩钢板组VAS评分稍优于保守治疗组,但两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;而术后3年以及5年锁骨钩钢板组VAS评分均明显优于保守治疗组,且差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后1年、3年以及5年随访锁骨钩钢板组肩关节功能评分均明显优于保守治疗组,且差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;锁骨钩钢板组并发症发生率明显低于保守治疗组,且差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论采用锁骨钩钢板内固定手术治疗Rockwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位,治疗效果较好,是治疗肩锁关节Rockwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位较好的方法。     

锁骨钩钢板治疗新鲜 NeerⅡ型锁骨远端骨折及Tossy Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位

目的 总结锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗新鲜Neer Ⅱ型锁骨远端骨折及Tossy Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位的手术方法及临床疗效.方法 2004年8月～2008年10月,应用锁骨钩钢板治疗28 例Neer Ⅱ型锁骨远端骨折和21 例 Tossy Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位,术中仅行锁骨钩钢板固定,未刻意修复喙锁韧带、喙肩韧带.术后X光片评估锁骨骨折愈合及肩锁关节脱位的复位,根据Constant-Murley 评分系统评价肩关节功能康复情况.结果 手术后复查X 线片示锁骨远端骨折及肩锁关节均完全复位.患者均获随访,随访12～48月,平均14.9月,均提示锁骨远端骨折愈合、无螺钉松动、钢板或钩部折断.术后8～18月内固定取出后,无肩锁关节再脱位.2例术后4个月患肩活动过大时明显感肩部酸痛不适,8月后取出钢板后症状消失.随访终末,所有患者Constant-Murley 评分平均为89.6分(83～92分).结论 采用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗新鲜NeerⅡ型锁骨远端骨折及Tossy Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位,具有复位简单、固定确切、肩关节可以早期活动、肩关节功能恢复好等优点.     

AO锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗肩锁关节脱位

目的观察应用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗肩锁关节脱位的疗效。方法采用改良Rockwood分类法时肩锁关节损伤分类，对16例Ⅲ型以上肩锁关节脱位采用AO锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗；钢板远端钩插入肩峰下端、并选择肩关节极度外展时不与肱骨头发生撞击，以减少对肩锁关节正常生理结构的干扰，术后不用外固定，利于早期功能锻炼。结果平均随访1a，按JOA肩部治疗成绩评分标准评分，90～95分13例，80～90分3例，综合评价：优良。结论该钢板具有固定确切，操作简单，疗效可靠等特点。     

锁骨钩钢板配合带线锚钉治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位

目的比较单纯锁骨钩钢板与锁骨钩钢板配合带线锚钉治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位的临床疗效。方法应用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗肩锁关节脱位30例（A组）,应用锁骨钩钢板配合带线锚钉修复喙锁韧带治疗肩锁关节脱位25例（B组）。B组术后3个月取出锁骨钩钢板,带线锚钉不取出。采用Lazzcano标准评定患肩功能。结果两组患者均获得6个月以上随访。术后1~3个月,两组均未发生内固定松动、脱钩、肩锁关节再脱位。术后1、3、6个月,A、B两组肩关节功能评分差异无统计学意义。结论锁骨钩钢板配合带线锚钉治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位疗效与单纯应用锁骨钩钢板无明显差异,说明肩锁关节的解剖结构重建有效。     

锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位36 例疗效观察

目的观察锁骨钩钢板治疗Ⅲ度肩锁关节脱位的疗效。方法2002年2月至2005年3月采用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗新鲜Ⅲ度肩锁关节脱位36例，全部修复肩锁韧带，直接修复断裂的喙锁韧带21例，其余15例未予修复重建。回顾性对比分析以往使用克氏针、螺钉、克氏针张力带治疗同型新鲜肩锁关节脱位80例，进行疗效评定。结果按照Lazzcano标准评定患者术后功能，锁骨钩钢板固定组优良率远高于其他三组，所有患者均未发生感染，无钢板螺钉松动断裂，仅1例并发肩峰下撞击征。结论应用锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位较克氏针、螺钉、张力带治疗具有操作简单、复位好、动态固定、牢固可靠、喙锁韧带等长愈合、肩关节功能恢复快、优良率高、并发症少等特点，内固定取出后不复发，是目前治疗新鲜Ⅲ度肩锁关节脱位疗效确切而理想的方法，可推为首选。     

锁骨钩钢板联合双股不可吸收线治疗新鲜TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位

目的探讨锁骨钩钢板联合双股不可吸收线治疗新鲜TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位的临床疗效。方法将74例新鲜TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组37例。对照组采用锁骨钩钢板固定,观察组采用锁骨钩钢板联合双股不可吸收线固定。术后12个月评定两组肩关节活动度、疼痛VAS评分、肩关节功能优良率及并发症发生率。结果患者均获得12个月的随访。术后12个月,肩关节活动度观察组显著高于对照组(P 0. 01),疼痛VAS评分观察组显著低于对照组(P 0. 01);参照Karlsson标准评价疗效,肩关节功能优良率观察组高于对照组(97. 30%vs 75. 68%,P 0. 05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论锁骨钩钢板联合双股不可吸收线治疗新鲜TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位能够降低患肩疼痛,提高肩关节功能,且不增加并发症发生率,临床疗效满意。     

胸腰椎骨折椎弓根内固定断裂与植骨融合方式的相关性分析

[目的]探讨胸腰椎骨折椎弓根螺钉内固定系统内固定术后,椎弓根螺钉断裂与植骨融合方式之间的关系,以探讨胸腰椎骨折植骨融合的最佳方式。[方法]回顾性研究1995年5月~2005年12月本院脊柱外科收治的胸腰椎骨折病人197例,其中A组单纯内固定(不植骨)患者14例,B组“H”形椎板植骨21例,C组横突间植骨67例,D组椎间、椎内联合横突间植骨95例。[结果]术后随访6~32个月,内固定断裂12例,其中A组4例,B组3例,C组5例,D组0例,4组中D组内固定断裂率显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。[结论]椎间、椎体内联合横突间植骨重建脊柱三柱的稳定性,符合人体生物力学原理,能有效降低内固定断裂的发生。     

On the measurement of the functional properties of the CFTR

A number of methods are currently employed to assess the functional properties of CFTR channels and their response to pharmacological potentiators, correction of the defective CFTR trafficking, and vectorial introduction of new proteins. Here we review the most common methods used to assess CFTR channel function. The suitability of each technique to various experimental conditions is discussed.     

The Measurement of the Inclination Angle of the Hamate and Analysis of the Inclination Angle for the Rotation Deformity of the Little Finger in the Fixation of the Carpometacarpal Joint

ObjectiveComplex base fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone and dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint are more prone to internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence after fixation with a transarticular plate. In the past, we have neglected that there is actually a certain angle of external rotation in the hamate surface of transarticular fixation. This study measured the inclination angle of the hamate surface relative to the fifth metacarpal surface for clinical reference.MethodsIn a prospective single‐center study, we investigated the tilt angle of 60 normal hamates. The study included thin‐layer computed tomography (CT) data from 60 patients from the orthopaedic clinic and inpatient unit from January 2017 to March 2020, including 34 men and 26 women who were 15~59 years old, average 35 years old. The CT data of 60 cases in Dicom format of the hand was input into Mimics and 3‐Matics software for three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction and measuring the angle α between hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface. According to the possible placement of the transarticular plate on the fifth metacarpal surface, we measured the angle β between the hamate surface 1 and the fifth metacarpal surface and the angle γ between the hamate surface 2 and the fifth metacarpal surface.ResultsThe average angle between the hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface was 11.66°. The hamate surfaces 1 and 2 have an external rotation angle of 7.30° and 7.51° on average with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface, respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the angles between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe horizontal angle of the dorsal side of the hamate is different from the back of the fifth metacarpal surface, and the hamate has a certain external rotation angle with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface. No matter how the transarticular plate is placed, the plate always has a certain external rotation angle relative to the fifth metacarpal surface. When the fixation is across the fifth carpometacarpal joint, if the plate does not twist and shape, it will inevitably cause internal rotation of the fifth metacarpal, resulting in internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence.     

静脉输注甘露醇开放血脑屏障对抗生素透过血脑屏障的影响

目的　通过快速静脉输注甘露醇可逆性开放血脑屏障 (BBB) ,探知此方法能否增加抗生素透过BBB的量 ,在何时达到最高峰 ,其通透量增加后临床上有无不良反应。方法　采用自身配伍设计 ,共 6个样本组。对照组仅使用抗生素 ;其余 5组分别在使用甘露醇前 60、3 0min ,同时使用甘露醇后 3 0、60min使用抗生素 ,各组皆取使用抗生素后 1h的脑脊液测其抗生素浓度。抗生素选用头孢三嗪。结果　测量值经过q检验 ,经 2 0 %甘露醇处理前后的CSF中的头孢三嗪浓度差异有非常显著性。全组患者经临床观察未出现神经系统的不良反应。结论　经静脉快速输注2 0 %甘露醇后可以使透过BBB的水溶性抗生素的量增加 ,两者使用的顺序是在抗生素使用 3 0min内即给予甘露醇快速滴注。该方法不会增加低神经毒性抗生素在中枢神经系统的不良反应。     

Preservation of the pylorus and resection of the head of the pancreas

The historical evolution of the pylorus-preservation resection of the head of the pancreas is traced from the first resections early in this century to relative standardization of the operation, to a lowering of the operative mortality, and to an interest in improving nutritional status after resection. There are many theoretical advantages for the function of the upper gastrointestinal tract after pylorus and gastric preservation, such as maintenance of gastric capacitance and equilibration of osmotic pressure in gastric digestants, foodstuff digestion and absorption, and bowel motility. After the pylorus-preserving resection, gastric emptying is normal, pyloric function to prevent duodenal reflux is often normal, and gastric acids and serum levels of duodenal hormones are at normal levels, whereas after standard pancreatoduodenectomy, all of these are often abnormal. No prospective blinded studies have been published comparing nutritional values after the two operative procedures, but evidence is presented of a satisfactory result with regard to gastric capacitance, body weight gain, and lack of postgastrectomy symptoms. An undoubted advantage of the pylorus-preserving feature is a simplification of the operation. These gains are achieved without increase in operative mortality, without increase in the incidence of jejunal ulcer, and without theoretical or actual decrease in value of the procedure as a cancer operation, except in patients with duodenal carcinoma proximal to the ampulla of Vater.     

下颌全牙弓后移量及最后界的测量

目的：研究下颌牙弓的有效后移量及找寻下颌牙弓移动的后界。方法：选取涉及拔除下颌第三磨牙或下颌第三磨牙缺失的病例18例（男6例,女12例）。采用种植支抗牵引下牙弓向远中,治疗完成时所有病例均明确到达下颌牙弓后界,即下颌第二磨牙远中到达下颌升支前缘软组织交界处。应用治疗前后的曲断片测量下颌第二磨牙远中到升支前缘的距离。结果：下颌第二磨牙后移量为（3.49±1.21）mm;治疗后磨牙后间隙的长度为（4.43±0.97）mm。结论：下颌牙弓可确定性地实现整体后移;最大后移量由磨牙后间隙的长度决定;其最后界止于下颌第二磨牙远中与下颌升支前缘软组织交界处。     

Preservation of the pylorus in resection of the head of the pancreas

Whipple's pancreatoduodenectomy was the standard operation for diseases of the head of the pancreas for more than 40 years, but the results were vitiated in part by poor gastrointestinal function and malnutrition. Reintroduced in 1978, pylorus-preserving proximal pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPP) has had an increasing impact on pancreatic surgery as its benefits have been recognized: improved nutritional status, decreased incidence of postgastrectomy syndromes, and a technically easier operation. Postoperative mortality rates and 5-year survival rates are comparable with those of the classic Whipple procedure. PPPP is indicated for most patients with chronic pancreatitis of the pancreatic head. It is also appropriate for patients with periampullary cancer and for those with pancreatic cancer arising from the lower part of ‘the head and the uncinate process. More than 650 patients have now undergone PPPP: 31% for chronic pancreatitis and 66% for periampullary and pancreatic cancers. We assess the indications for PPPP, outline the operation, and review the results.