Ureteral adenocarcinoma in men: a case report

Adenocarcinoma of urethra is a rare tumour, which occurs more often in female than in male. The localizations on bulbomenbranous urethra, most frequent, have worse prognostic than those of penile urethra. Because of scarcity of these tumours there is not therapeutic consensus. The treatment is based on the tripod surgery, more or less mutilating, chemotherapy and radiotherapy associated or managed in a separate way. We report the case of a young patient with adenocarcinoma of the posterior urethra treated by a protocol of radio-chemotherapy.     

Leiomyoma of the female urethra

A case of leiomyoma of the female urethra is reported. The tumour of unusual location and histology may raise diagnostic problems.     

Primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra. Report of a case

Primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra is a rare tumour with great agressivity and poor prognosis. An early diagnosis may benefit of radical surgery and adjuvant immunotherapy with curative effect. We present a sixty-five years old female with a malignant melanoma of urethra and a secondary additional melanoma in vulva, that was treated with both radical ureterectomy and vulvectomy. A bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy and immunotherapy with alpha-interferon were added. The patient is free of disease one year postoperatively.     

A large primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra

We present a case of large, primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra with poor prognosis in this case report. Malignant melanoma is one of the rare tumors of the female urethra and accounts for 0.2% of all malignant melanoma cases. Large (5.6 cm in diameter), primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra is exceedingly rare.     

Primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra: A case report

A case of primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra is reported. Physical examination and visceral studies confirmed the primary character of the tumour and histologic examination proved it to be nodular malignant melanoma. Less than 100 cases have been previously reported. The role of immunohistochemical stains to substantiate the diagnosis is stressed. Therapy and prognosis are briefly discussed.     

Intermittent bladder urinary retention in a young woman. An unusual presentation of partial urethral duplication

A singular case of female accessory urethra associated to a mobile bladder stone with an unusual clinical presentation is reported. The role of perineal ultrasound is emphasized as a useful diagnostic tool to study female urethra in a static and dynamic setting, including cases of partial or complete urethral duplication.     

Intravascular angiomatosis in female urethral mass Masson intravascular hemangioendothelioma

A case of Masson intravascular hemangioendothelioma hitherto underscribed in the female urethra is reported. The condition has bizarre histopathologic appearances which sometimes pose a problem in differentiating it from angiosarcoma. Recognition of the condition, particularly in a female urethra which is not an infrequent site of vascular lesions such as caruncles and varices, is therefore emphasized to avoid unnecessary drastic treatment.     

Rupture of the urethra in a female child with a fractured pelvis: a case report

A case of complete rupture of the urethra in a female child is reported. The condition is very uncommon and some possible explanations are given to account for its rarity.     

Fractured pelvis with avulsion of the female urethra

Injuries to the female urethra, except for meatal straddle injuries and those associated with instrumentation, are rarely seen with pelvic trauma. To our knowledge this is the first case of traumatic complete disruption of the female membranous urethra reported in the English literature.     

Urethral diverticula surrounding the urethra in women: report of 2 cases

We report two cases of female urethral diverticula. A 49-year-old woman (case 1) complained of perineal pain when she voided urine. A 36-year-old woman (case 2) complained of perineal pain. In both cases, intravenous pyerography and urethrography revealed diverticula around their urethra, and we diagnosed them with urethral diverticula which surrounded their urethra by magnetic resonance imaging. We treated them by transvaginal diverticulectomy. Case 2 was successfully treated, but the diverticulum recurred after one year in case 1. There are over 200 reported cases of female diverticula in the Japanese literature, but a urethral diverticulum surrounding the urethra is rare.     

Case report: traumatic loss of the entire urethra and bladder neck in a girl--reconstruction by modified Flocks bladder tube.

Complete loss of the urethra and bladder neck secondary to pelvic fracture in a female patient is rare. We report a case of pelvic fracture resulting from a traffic collision leading to complete loss of the urethra including the bladder neck in an adolescent girl. A new urethra was reconstructed from a modified Flocks bladder tube and wrapped with omentum. At 2 years follow-up, the patient is fully continent and voiding satisfactorily. The problems of female urethral reconstruction are discussed.     

Carcinoembryonic Antigen Positive Adenocarcinoma of a Female Urethral Diverticulum: Case Report and Review of the literature

Paraurethral glands of the female urethra, which are assumed to be embryologically homologous to the male prostate gland, are possible origins for diverticular cancer of the urethra. A case of primary adenocarcinorna arising in a female urethral diverticulum is presented. Pathology revealed a columnar/mucinous type adenocarcinoma which stained positively for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and negatively for PSA. Normal paraurethral ducts located near the urethra and normal urethral epithelium also stained positively for CEA. These findings suggest that the adenocarcinoma in our case originated from the paraurethral duct near the urethral lumen.     

Accessory phallic urethra in female pseudohermaphrodite.

The eighth case of a female pseudohermaphrodite with hypertrophy of the clitoris, a perineal and complete accessory phallic urethra, but without adrenal hyperplasia, is reported. The etiology of this syndrome and the rationale of its treatment are discussed and the literature reviewed.     

What are the supportive structures of the female urethra?

AIMS: Female stress urinary incontinence is thought to result from impairment of the connective tissue "ligaments" of the urethra. Surgical repair of female incontinence mainly involves fixation of the urethra to the pubic bone or other surrounding structures. In the present anatomical-radiological study, the anatomy of the connective tissue structures around the female urethra was investigated to determine the anatomical structures that support the urethra and the rhabdosphincter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The topography of the anterior compartment of the female pelvis was studied in serial sections and one anatomical preparation of 30 female fetuses and of six adult females. The pelves of 29 female fetuses were processed according to plastination histology technique. The pelves of the six adult specimens were processed according to sheet plastination technique. In addition, the anatomical findings were compared with MR images of 41 adult female volunteers. RESULTS: The ventro-lateral aspect of the urethra remains free of fixating ligaments throughout its pelvic course. Ventro-laterally the urethra is enclosed by the ventral parts of the levator ani, its fasciae and a ventral urethral connective tissue bridge connecting both sides. Dorsally, the urethra is intimately connected to the wall of the vagina. CONCLUSIONS: The female urethra has no direct ligamentous fixation to the pubic bone. Urethral continence after pregnancy and childbirth may be explained by a widening of the hiatus of the levator ani or the anterior vaginal wall, resulting in overstretching of the ventral urethral connective tissue bridge or the disruption of the fixation between urethra and vagina.     

Transitional cell carcinoma of distal female urethra

A rare case of carcinoma of female urethra from transitional cell origin is reported. The occurrence of primary transitional cell carcinoma in the urethra is being discussed, with review of the literature.     

Urethral carcinoid tumour presenting as lower urinary tract symptoms

Primary carcinoid tumour of the urethra is an extremely rare condition. There are only four reported cases in the literature. It is the first reported case in a Chinese man presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms.     

A case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the female urethra

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the female urethra is extremely rare. We herein describe the 33rd case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the female urethra in Japan. A 54-year-old female who presented with pollakisuria was referred to our department. Transvaginal examination showed a walnut-sized firm mass on the anterior vaginal wall. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cystourethroscopy and the histopathological findings of the biopsied specimen revealed adenocarcinoma of the urethra. Anterior pelvic exenteration and ileal conduit urinary diversion were performed and the final pathological diagnosis was clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra, pT3, pN2. No further adjuvant therapy was conducted. She remains alive 6 months after surgery in spite of paraaortic and inguinal lymph node metastases.     

A case of primary giant calculus in female urethra

Urinary calculus is rarely seen in the urethra and is usually encountered in men with urethral stricture or diverticulum. Primary urethral calculi are extremely rare in females. We describe a case of a giant urethral stone impacted in the urethra of a 103-year-old female.     

MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA IN THE FEMALE URETHRA

Primary malignant lymphomas in the female urethra are extremely rare. We report a 63-year-old woman who presented with a localized tumor of the urethral meatus. The tumor was classified as a non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma, a diffuse, small cleaved cell type according to the Working Formulation classification. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the tumor was derived from B cells. The patient underwent chemotherapy and remains free from evidence of the disease 3yr after excision. To our knowledge she is the seventh case of malignant lymphoma in the female urethra reported in the English literature.     

女性尿道原发性恶性黑色素瘤3例报告

目的：探讨女性尿道原发性恶性黑色素瘤的临床特征及治疗手段。方法：对3例女性原发性尿道恶性黑色素瘤进行临床病理分析及随访观察。结果：3例均以尿道外口包块就诊。2例因术前诊断不清，仅局部切除，其中1例术后半年死于肿瘤复发。1例正在随访中；1例行全尿道切除，双侧腹股沟淋巴结清扫及永久性膀胱造瘘。结论：女性尿道原发性恶性黑色素瘤恶性度高，临床易误诊，早期确诊的主要依据是病理学检查，及时规范手术是提高患者生存率的主要手段。