居家延续护理对早产儿出院后生长发育的影响

[目的]探讨居家护理延伸服务在新生儿重症监护室(NICU)早产儿出院后的应用及效果。[方法]将符合纳入条件的126例出院早产儿随机分为观察组和对照组各63例。对照组早产儿接受常规的出院指导和医生的电话随访,观察组除了接受常规的出院指导和医生的电话随访外,自出院当日起接受社区医护人员居家延续护理服务。内容包括上门访视、指导早产儿喂养、基本护理知识,健康检查,开通电话咨询及网络服务,及时发现早产儿出院后出现的各种问题。[结果]观察组早产儿纯母乳喂养比对照组成功率高;观察组早产儿3个月体重增长大于对照组;观察组早产儿3个月内发病率及再次住院率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01)。[结论]居家延续护理服务可促进早产儿出院后生长发育,提高早产儿健康水平。     

居家护理干预对早产儿生长发育及睡眠质量的影响

目的:早产儿通过居家护理干预,对早产儿的生长发育以及睡眠质量的影响情况进行研究分析。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年1月重庆市开州区人民医院收治的早产儿患者50例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组25例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组患者以对照组为基础,通过居家护理干预,包括:抚摸、音乐转移注意力、智力训练等方法,比较2组患者的生长发育以及睡眠质量情况。结果:观察组患者的出生1个月后的体质量、摄奶量均高于对照组患者,观察组患者的体质量(3 316. 2±419. 05) g,摄奶量(506. 8±59. 64) m L,对照组患者的体质量(3 001. 5±402. 61) g,摄奶量(416. 7±79. 64) m L,观察组患者的出生1个月后的睡眠时间为(23. 64±2. 19) h,对照组患者的睡眠时间为(19. 43±2. 03) h,睡眠质量提升,2组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论:早产儿通过居家护理干预,早产儿的生长发育以及睡眠质量均得到显著的改善,影响效果优良,值得推广以及应用。     

结构化干预模式对脑卒中患者居家照护中的影响

目的:探讨结构化干预对脑卒中患者居家照顾的影响,为脑卒中患者居家照顾提供依据。方法:选取聊城市第二人民医院神经内科121例首次脑卒中患者,按照患者入院的先后顺序随机分为试验组61例和对照组60例。试验组接受结构化干预,即结合疾病发展阶段,分别在急性期、恢复期及后遗症期给予不同的干预措施,同时在居家照护的基础上增加对照顾...     

发展性照顾护理模式对早产儿生长发育的影响

目的探讨实施发展性照顾护理模式对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法将2009年7月至2010年3月温州市第三人民医院新生儿科收治的35周以下早产儿100例按随机数字表法分成对照组和观察者各50例,对照组早产儿实施常规护理,观察组早产儿在常规护理的基础上实施发展性照顾护理模式,并定期按要求进行比较和记录。结果观察组早产儿的睡眠时间、出院时奶量摄入、体质量增长及住院天数等均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对35周以下早产儿实施发展性照顾护理模式后早产儿睡眠时间增加,经口喂养更趋顺利,体质量增长明显,平均住院天数缩短,有利于提高早产儿的生活质量。     

气管切开患儿照顾者居家照护培训模式的应用效果

目的 探讨气切患儿照护者的培训模式及培训效果.方法 选取本院2017年4月—2020年1月收治的52例气切患儿照护者为研究对象,按照收治时间将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各26例.对照组采取常规气切护理宣教模式,观察组采取气切患儿照护者居家照护培训模式.对比两组照护者的相关知识掌握情况、护理操作情况及患儿并发症的发生情况...     

家庭发育支持性照护模式对早产儿早期发育影响的探讨

目的探讨家庭发育支持性照护模式对早产儿早期发展的影响。方法选取鄂州市妇幼保健院NICU及儿童保健科系统管理107例早产儿,随机分为观察组48例和对照组59例,观察组采取家庭发育支持性照护模式,对照组采用传统家庭照护模式,2组分别在满3、6、12、24个月时进行身高体重测量及早期发展水平测试。结果在满3、6、12、24个月时观察组体重、身高SDS值明显高于对照组,组间比较有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;2组MDI、PDI值比较,3月龄时组间无明显差别（P＞0.05）,6、12、24月观察组明显高于对照组,组间比较有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;患病率及再住院率观察组明显低于对照组,组间比较有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。讨论家庭发育支持性照护模式是出院后发育支持性护理的成功延续,对促进早产儿早期发展、预防疾病的发生起着重要的作用。     

抚触干预对早产儿生长发育的影响

目的 探讨抚触对早产儿生长发育的影响.方法 选择我院收治的早产儿60例,随机分为抚触组和对照组各30例.两组患儿按早产儿常规护理,抚触组婴儿每天增加抚触2次,每次15 min,坚持抚触不少于6个月,出院后随访半年,观察记录2组生长发育情况.结果 抚触组早产儿42 d、4个月、6个月体重、身长、头围增加值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 对早产儿给予抚触干预可促进早产儿的生长发育.     

抚触对早产儿生长发育的影响

早产儿各脏器成熟度较差，环境适应能力薄弱，容易发生各种并发症。由于近年来各种新生儿监护技术的迅速发展，早产儿存活率有了明显的提高，因此如何正确地估测早产儿体格发育水平并有效地加速其发育速度，是一个亟待解决的问题。抚触作为一种新型的保健技术，具有重要的社会及医疗价值。     

晚期肺癌患者对居家照护需求的调查分析

目的：了解晚期肺癌患者对居家照护的需求状况，以确定对晚期肺癌患者进行居家照护的必要性。方法：采用自行设计的问卷，对我院132名晚期肺癌患者及其家属进行调查。结果：96．87％的患者需要居家照护，其中64．06％的患者认为这样可以和家人在一起，81．25％的患者认为医院环境会产生恐惧而需要居家照护，57．78％的患者认为需要社会活动，67．50％的患者认为在医院会增加经济负担，60．98％的患者认为需要心理支持；另外，对居家照护的方式三种：护士上门服务、电话咨询、其他（信件、E-mail）。结论：晚期肺癌患者在病情稳定期，可以回到家庭、回到社会，从而帮助他们重建生活模式，提供健康的生活方式，节约医疗经费，让病人及家属获得最高的生活质量，有着现实意义。     

Developmental care advantages in preterm infants management

The study aims to compare the short-term outcomes of standard and developmental care in preterm infants. The study involved 197 infants with gestational age ?32. Standard care (SC) group includes 14 newborns weighing ?1000g (SC-1) and 105 children weighing ?1000g (SC-2). Developmental care (DC) group – 78 infants (24–DC-1 and 54–DC-2). Late-onset sepsis was observed less often in DC-1 versus SC-1 (p = 0.039), feeding intolerance - less frequently in DC-2 (p?0.001). Incidence of PVL was lower in DC-1 (p = 0.043) and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in DC-2 (p = 0.029). Duration of ventilation, antibacterial therapy was shorter in DC subgroups (p?0.05), duration of parenteral nutrition was shorter in DC-2 (p = 0.0378). The prevalence of severe growth failure was found in SC-2 (p = 0.012). Breastfeeding rates were higher in DC-1 (p = 0.030) and DC-2 (p = 0.058). Thus, developmental care improves early outcomes in preterm infants, reducing the incidence of severe morbidity, improving physical development, and supporting breastfeeding.     

不同喂养方法对早产儿喂养耐受性及生长发育的影响

目的探讨三种不同喂养方法对住院早产儿喂养耐受性及生长发育的影响,为早产儿喂养方法的选择提供依据。方法将66例早产儿随机分为三组,实验A组:输液泵持续输注24h;实验B组:输液泵持续输注30min,间歇1.5h,交替进行;对照组:持续推注3～5min,1次/2h。观察三组早产儿喂养耐受性,体重、头围、身长增长情况。结果实验A、B两组喂养耐受性均较对照组好,且实验A组喂养不耐受发生率明显低于实验B组(P<0.01)。住院10d、20d三组间平均体重增长差异无显著意义,且实验A、B两组均高于对照组(P<0.05),但实验A、B两组间差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论输液泵输注法是早产儿较为理想的喂养方法,其喂养耐受性及生长发育情况均较好,其中输液泵持续输注法,喂养不耐受发生率最低。     

袋鼠式护理对新生儿重症监护室早产儿操作性疼痛的影响

目的:探讨新生儿重症监护室(NICU)早产儿执行疼痛性操作时应用袋鼠式护理对改善操作性疼痛的效果.方法:将本院N IC U收治的90例早产儿按入科顺序分为对照组和观察组.对照组45例早产儿接受N IC U常规护理,观察组45例早产儿接受常规护理和袋鼠式护理.比较两组早产儿操作性疼痛评分及血氧饱和度(SPO2)、心率(H...     

发育支持性照顾对早产儿生长发育影响的研究

目的探讨发育支持性照顾对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法将80例早产儿按收住时间顺序,用随机整群抽样的方法分为观察组和对照组各40例,观察组予以发育支持性照顾,即改变NICU环境和照顾方式,对照组予以保暖护理、呼吸道护理、喂养护理、预防感染等。结果观察组平均住院时间较对照组缩短、平均体重较对照组增加。结论发育支持性照顾有利于早产儿的生长发育。     

袋鼠式护理在早产儿护理中的研究进展

随着围产医学和新生儿医学的迅速发展,早产儿的存活率得到极大提高,早产儿成为当今研究的重要内容之一.有关早产儿护理干预的研究也很多,现就袋鼠式护理在早产儿护理中的研究进展综述如下.     

越秀区早产儿与足月儿发育商测评结果对比分析

目的:通过对早产儿和足月儿出生体重、性别、产式、发育商的测评和对比分析,了解婴幼儿的发育状况。方法:采用首都儿科研究所0～3岁小儿神经精神发育检查量表,测查1～2月龄两组小儿的大运动、精细动作、适应能力、语言、个人—社交行为,计算发育商数。由经过广州市级妇幼保健机构专业培训并通过考核优秀的专职人员进行测试。结果:两组小儿平均出生体重之间的差异具有统计学意义,平均发育商之间的差异具有统计学意义,两组小儿性别之间、产式与发育商之间的差异没有统计学意义。结论:早产儿的体重和各项能力发育情况均较足月儿差,为了使早产儿的体格及智能发育得以正常发展,应该及早通过发育商的测评,积极指导改善社区家庭环境,采取恰当的科学教育方式,使该类高危儿得到及时有效的干预指导,促进高危儿的各项发育及培养。     

营养干预对城市农民工婴幼儿生长发育的影响

目的 探讨一种有效的城市农民工婴幼儿营养干预模式,引起医疗机构、社区及城市农民工家庭对婴幼儿子女营养问题的重视。方法 选取来院行健康体检和预防接种的200例城市农民工4个月龄婴幼儿,将其分为干预组和对照组各100例,对干预组采取科学喂养指导、健康教育、辅食制作示范、家庭访视、电话随访等,对照组为传统方法喂养。结果 干预后,干预组的婴幼儿生长发育指标明显优于对照组(P＜0.01),佝偻病、贫血患病率明显低于对照组(P＜0.01)。结论 对城市农民工婴幼儿子女辅食添加采取营养干预,能有效改善其生长发育和营养状况,对提高身体素质具有重要意义。     

Maternal participation on preterm infants care reduces the cost of delivery of preterm neonatal healthcare services

BackgroundThailand, with an annual incidence rate of 12% ranks high in incidence of preterm birth. Preterm infants require specialized care which can be lengthy and costly both in terms of psychological and emotional stress and healthcare services. The rapid rise of cost of healthcare services is a major concern for Thai government and public.PurposeTo assess and compare the growth patterns and cost of delivery of healthcare services of 50 preterm infants who were randomly assigned to either the control arm or the Maternal Participation Program (MPP) arm of the study.Methods25 infants in the control arm and 25 infants in the MPP arm were followed up from the day of transfer to the neonatal ward until they were discharged from the hospital. Data on clinical parameters and cost of healthcare delivery were collected by reviewing medical charts and from institutional financial databases. The principle of intention-to-treat analysis was used to analyze the data using the SPSS package (Version 23).ResultsThe average hospital stay (53 days vs. 60, P = .427) and days of oxygen delivery (21 days vs. 45, P = .047) for infants in the MPP arm were shorter than the control. At discharge from hospital, growth velocity of infants in the control arm had caught up with the MPP arm. Overall costs of healthcare delivery services for the preterm infants in control arm were 1.75 times higher than those in the MPP arm, with the procedural services as the costliest. Costs of drugs and the other ancillary services for the control arm was about 3-fold higher than for the MPP arm.ConclusionThere were similar growth patterns and weight gain between the preterm infants in the control arm and the intervention arm. However, health care cost in preterm infants in the control arm was no statistically significant higher than those of the MPP arm. The difference of health care cost may arise from healthcare services and clinical interventions. Innovative and simple alternative strategy such as MPP can be an effective approach to curb the escalating cost of healthcare services.     

The effectiveness of neonatal early supported transfer to home interventions for parents and preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundPreterm infants often need admission to a neonatal unit causing prolonged stress for parents. Evidence has shown that neonatal early supported transfer to home interventions may reduce stress levels. This systematic review investigates effectiveness of neonatal early supported transfer to home interventions for parents and preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units.MethodsSix databases and two trials registries were searched from inception to February 2022. Risk of bias was assessed using the RoB2 and ROBINS I tool.ResultsTen studies were included. Neonatal early supported transfer to home interventions reduced duration of hospital stay by up to 11 days compared to usual care, without significantly increasing hospital re-admission rates (p= >0.05). Studies were judged to have moderate to serious risk of bias.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that early supported transfer to home interventions may reduce hospital stay with no evidence of difference in hospital admission rates, infants weight gain or breastfeeding rates (compared to standard care). However, due to the dearth of high-quality evidence it is not possible to make recommendations for implementation.     

Cumulative perinatal steroids: child development of preterm infants

Within a small cohort study, it is unwise to make broad conclusions based upon preliminary findings. Future research should consider the fetus/infant in a state of evolution that is on a continuum from uterine life throughout the NICU stay. By conceptualizing cumulative PNS exposures and examining relationships with severity of illness and latent development of preterm infants, this study sought to add to the body of scientific knowledge in this area and challenge conventional wisdom. Concern should continue to exist for those children previously exposed to higher steroid treatment. To accurately evaluate steroid exposure, clinical researchers need to look back and quantify doses offered to patients to identify childhood outcomes that reflect potentially mixed blessings. The moratorium on PNS may have already altered clinical practice and limited usage of dexamethasone or led to substituting another steroid, hydrocortisone, about which even less is known. Thus, it seems that the search should continue for safer minimal dose steroid guidelines with a focus on cumulative exposure and close assessment of infant development throughout childhood.