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2.
脊柱转移瘤的微创外科治疗进展 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
脊柱是转移性肿瘤发生率最高的部位,胸椎最常见(70%),其次为腰椎(20%)和颈椎(10%)[1]。患者表现为进行性加剧的腰背痛,脊柱不稳,可伴有椎体病理性骨折,脊髓受压导致双下肢感觉和运动功能障碍、大小便失禁,甚至完全瘫痪,严重影响患者的生存质量及远期生存率。放 相似文献
3.
经胸椎体切除术治疗脊柱转移瘤 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]探讨经胸椎体切除术、前路内固定系统重建脊柱稳定治疗胸椎转移瘤的临床效果。[方法]回顾性分析21例胸椎转移瘤患者采用经胸椎体切除、单纯植骨支撑融合或钛网支撑植骨融合、载抗肿瘤药骨水泥应用及前路内固定重建技术的治疗效果。男13例,女8例;年龄32~68岁,平均48.5岁,主要原发瘤包括肺癌6例,肾癌5例,乳腺癌5例,其它肿瘤5例,最常见的临床表现是背痛20例,下肢无力lO例,下肢不全瘫伴感觉及腱反射异常8例,1例全瘫。[结果]所有病例获得完整随访,随访时间6—56个月,平均24个月。15例患者疼痛缓解,lO例术前双下肢无力但能行走的患者中,术后完全恢复正常;9例术前不能行走的患者中,术后6例能够行走,3例行走未恢复,但神经功能有明显改善。肿瘤局部复发5例,复发率23.8%。[结论]经胸椎体切除、前路内固定系统重建术治疗胸椎转移瘤能够明显改善患者的生存质量,恢复或保护患者的运动功能,控制顽固的脊柱疼痛。 相似文献
4.
本文报告了4例涉及椎体及其后部结构的全椎骨肿瘤的外科治疗,介绍了全椎骨切除术的手术方法及手术注意事项。手术采用后路附件切除,上下椎体Steffee钢板内固定,前路椎体切除自体髂骨植骨融合,初步效果满意。本手术难度大、出血多、危险性高,术中采用控制性低血压,以减少出血。 相似文献
5.
经前路胸椎体切除术治疗脊柱转移瘤的护理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]探讨经胸椎体切除,前路内固定系统重建脊柱稳定治疗胸椎转移瘤的围手术期护理要点。[方法]回顾性分析21例经前路胸椎体切除术治疗胸椎转移瘤患者围手术期的护理措施。[结果]通过这些护理措施的落实,确保了患者手术顺利进行,安全度过围手术期。术后早期并发症5例,肺部感染2例,泌尿系统感染1例,经抗生素治疗后痊愈;胸腔积液2例,重新行闭式引流后消失。[结论]充分的术前准备,细致的病情观察和术后护理,是手术成功的保证;同时术后应重点加强呼吸护理,减少肺部并发症。 相似文献
6.
经皮椎体成形术治疗脊柱转移癌 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨经皮椎体成形术(PVP)在脊柱转移癌中的治疗效果和适应证的选择。方法对21例脊柱转移癌病人的30个椎体,在CT引导下经皮椎弓根向椎体内穿刺并注入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)。结果20例术后2~72h内疼痛缓解,18例活动状况改善,术前有神经根损伤和截瘫者术后神经功能均无明显变化;1例多发脊柱严重破坏者术后疼痛无缓解,3例活动状况无明显改善。术后CT显示1例骨水泥硬膜外少量渗漏。21例术后随访4~20个月,平均7.5个月。18例疼痛缓解,其中15例疗效稳定。结论PVP治疗脊柱转移癌安全可行,方法容易掌握,术后多数能即刻缓解疼痛,增加脊柱稳定性,改善活动状况,并可与放疗、化疗等联合应用。 相似文献
7.
目的:探讨经皮椎体成形术与开放性椎体成形术在脊柱转移瘤治疗中的临床应用。方法 :对2012年1月至2016年3月行手术并获得随访的126例脊柱转移性肿瘤患者进行回顾性分析,126例患者依据手术方式不同分为两组,转移性肿瘤进入椎管压迫脊髓、神经根的患者,行开放性手术治疗(开放手术组,43例);无明显脊髓或神经根受压,或不适宜开放手术者行经皮椎体成形术治疗(PVP组,83例)。采用VAS评分、ECOG分级、Frankel分级分别对患者的疼痛、功能状况和脊髓功能进行评价;出院后每3个月门诊随访1次,行X线、CT或MRI检查,每次随访均进行疼痛、神经功能和活动能力的评估。结果:PVP组治疗112个椎体,基本无出血,中位手术时间50 min;术后2 d时VAS评分即有显著降低,并持续至术后1个月;ECOG分级在术后1个月时有显著降低;除了无症状的骨水泥渗漏(44/112)外,未发生神经损伤或肺栓塞等严重并发症;中位生存时间为16个月。开放手术组中位手术时间160 min,中位出血量1 000 ml;术后1个月时VAS评分显著降低;ECOG分级在术后1个月有显著降低;术前41例有脊髓功能障碍患者中有36例术后Frankel分级得到提高(87.8%);40例运动功能不完全丧失患者中有29例完全恢复(76.3%)。术后12例出现并发症(27.9%),中位生存时间为11个月。结论 :对脊柱转移瘤患者选择合适方式的椎体成形术可以有效重建脊柱稳定性,减轻疼痛,提高患者的生活质量。 相似文献
8.
目的:探讨脊椎转移肿瘤的手术适应证,手术方法及其预后.方法:统计分析1992年1月~2003年1月收治的92例脊椎转移肿瘤患者,其中男性58例,女性34例,年龄18~82岁,平均年龄57.2岁.术前存在截瘫者27例,Frankel A级4例,B级8例,C级8例,D级5例,E级2例.结果:随防6个月~11年,平均4年3个月.31例患者得到随访,其中27例死亡,4例生存.疼痛明显缓解25/29例.术后Franrel分级 A级1 例、B级1例、C级2例、D级 4例、E级 10例,9例恢复正常,术后脊髓功能改善率25/27.结论:手术能够重建脊椎的稳定性,缓解疼痛,维护或改善患者的神经功能,从而改善脊椎转移肿瘤患者的生存质量. 相似文献
9.
脊柱转移肿瘤的外科治疗 总被引:7,自引:4,他引:3
目的:探讨脊椎转移肿瘤的手术适应证,手术方法及其预后。方法:统计分析1992年1月-2003年1月收治的92例脊椎转移肿瘤患者,其中男性58例,女性34例,年龄18—82岁,平均年龄57.2岁。术前存在截瘫者27例,FrankelA级4例,B级8例,C级8例,D级5例,E级2例。结果:随防6个月-11年,平均4年3个月。3l例患者得到随访,其中27例死亡,4例生存。疼痛明显缓解25/29例。术后Franrel分级A级1例、B级1例、C级2例、D级4例、E级10例,9例恢复正常,术后脊髓功能改善率25/27。结论:手术能够重建脊椎的稳定性,缓解疼痛,维护或改善患者的神经功能,从而改善脊椎转移肿瘤患者的生存质量。 相似文献
10.
骨水泥椎体成形在治疗脊柱转移瘤中的临床应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
目的:探讨骨水泥椎体成形在脊柱转移瘤治疗中的应用价值。方法:2000年11月~2011年6月我院应用骨水泥椎体成形治疗脊柱转移瘤患者155例,共251个椎体。颈椎1个,胸椎149个,腰椎101个。男性88例,女性67例,平均年龄63.5岁(36~87岁)。采用两种手术方式:应用经皮穿刺椎体成形术或经皮椎体后凸成形术110例,181个椎体;开放性手术椎管减压脊柱内固定,结合术中骨水泥椎体成形或联合其他部位椎体成形45例70个椎体。所有患者术前有严重的腰背痛或合并不同程度的下肢神经功能损害症状。平均VAS评分7.6分(5~10分),术后第3d根据VAS评分评估患者的疼痛缓解情况,术后2周时根据Frankel分级评估神经损害和ECOG评估活动能力的改善。出院后每3个月门诊随访一次,行X线片、CT或MRI检查,每次随访均进行疼痛、神经功能和活动能力的评估。结果:术中无1例出现肺栓塞、截瘫或围手术期死亡,所有患者术后3d内疼痛缓解,平均VAS评分降至2.6分(1~4分),术后2周评估,有神经功能损害者39例,Frankel分级除2例外均有1级及以上的恢复。ECOG分级4级者18例,其中15例改善为3级;3级者92例,其中63例改善为2级;2级45例中13例改善为1级。椎体成形术中骨水泥的平均注入量为4ml(3~7ml)。108(43%,108/251)个椎体术中出现骨水泥渗漏,19个在椎间隙,86个在椎旁或椎旁静脉,3个椎管内渗漏,但均无临床症状。术后患者均接受化疗和(或)放疗,平均随访20个月(3~36个月),122例死于原发病,33例带瘤存活。结论:对脊柱转移瘤患者选择合适方式的骨水泥椎体成形安全、简单,效果显著,减少了椎体置换或前路开放手术的创伤。 相似文献
11.
Kazumichi Yamamoto Satoshi Kosaba Toshikazu Ikeda 《The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2001,49(8):519-521
Mediastinal compression by a large metastatic lung tumor is a life-threatening condition and needs immediate decompression. We performed palliative surgical rescue for 2 patients aged 42 and 30 years with these conditions, and were able to control their symptoms. Patients were free of symptoms soon after the operation. Palliative surgical rescue can relieve the symptoms immediately and improve the general condition dramatically. We think that surgical rescue is worthwhile, especially for younger patients. 相似文献
12.
目的探讨后路全脊椎切除术(PVCR)后脊柱畸形患者主弯置钉情况与矫形效果。方法对35例脊柱畸形患者行PVCR,术前根据X线检查将畸形主弯分为主弯上段、主弯中段、主弯下段,分别于手术前后测量主弯各段Cobb角,计算主弯各段贡献率,并统计主弯置钉情况与矫形效果的关系。结果术后3个月患者主弯及主弯各段Cobb角均显著降低,与手术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.001);术后主弯中段矫正度、贡献率均显著高于主弯上段和主弯下段(P0.001),主弯上段和主弯下段矫正度、贡献率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。17例在切除脊椎相邻上下椎至少置入1枚椎弓根螺钉,置钉患者主弯中段矫正度为37.4°±9.7°,18例未置钉患者主弯中段矫正度为20.7°±6.4°,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论主弯中段对脊柱畸形矫正的贡献率最大,在切除脊椎的相邻上下椎体置入椎弓根螺钉对脊柱畸形的矫正、重建中具有重要作用。 相似文献
13.
Primary tumor resection in metastatic breast cancer: A propensity‐matched analysis, 1988‐2011 SEER data base
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Nasreen A. Vohra MD Jason Brinkley PhD Swapnil Kachare MD Mahvish Muzaffar MD 《The breast journal》2018,24(4):549-554
Primary tumor resection (PTR) in metastatic breast cancer is not a standard treatment modality, and its impact on survival is conflicting. The primary objective of this study was to analyze impact of PTR on survival in metastatic patients with breast cancer. A retrospective study of metastatic patients with breast cancer was conducted using the 1988‐2011 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data base. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between PTR and survival and to adjust for the heterogeneity between the groups, and a propensity score‐matched analysis was also performed. A total of 29 916 patients with metastatic breast cancer were included in the study, and 15 129 (51%) of patients underwent primary tumor resection, and 14 787 (49%) patients did not undergo surgery. Overall, decreasing trend in PTR for metastatic breast cancer in last decades was noted. Primary tumor resection was associated with a longer median OS (34 vs 18 months). In a propensity score‐matched analysis, prognosis was also more favorable in the resected group (P = .0017). Primary tumor resection in metastatic breast cancer was associated with survival improvement, and the improvement persisted in propensity‐matched analysis. 相似文献
14.
目的探讨后路椎板切除椎管减压钉棒系统内固定术治疗脊柱转移瘤硬膜外脊髓压迫症的应用价值。方法对64例脊柱转移瘤硬膜外脊髓压迫症患者采用后路椎板切除椎管减压钉棒系统内固定术治疗。比较治疗前后患者的疼痛评分、生活质量及身体一般状况评分。结果治疗后患者的疼痛评分、生活质量评分及身体一般状况评分均较治疗前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用后路椎板切除椎管减压钉棒系统内固定术治疗脊柱转移瘤硬膜外脊髓压迫症,疗效确切,可显著缓解患者疼痛感,改善其身体一般状况,提高生活质量。 相似文献
15.
Chunguang Zhou Limin Liu Yueming Song Ganjun Feng Xi Yang Lei Wang 《The spine journal》2018,18(6):948-953
Background Context
Many different correction methods have been reported to treat severe and rigid scoliosis. In the past, anterior and posterior spinal fusion (APSF), which included an anterior release followed by posterior instrumented fusion, was widely applied. In recent years, anterior/posterior vertebral column resection (APVCR) is used to treat severe and rigid scoliosis.Purpose
We aimed to compare the clinical results of APSF and APVCR for severe and rigid scoliosis.Study Design
This is a retrospective, one-center, institutional review board-approved study.Patient Sample
A total of 48 patients with severe and rigid scoliosis treated by APSF or APVCR were enrolled.Outcome Measures
Comparisons between groups were made regarding the following variables: age at surgery, gender, etiology, flexibility of main curve, anterior release length, posterior fusion length, screw number, operation time, estimated blood loss, hospitalization time, follow-up duration, different radiological parameters, complication rate, and Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 scores.Methods
According to the operating technique, 48 patients with severe and rigid scoliosis were divided into two groups. In the first group, 26 patients were treated by APSF. In the second group, 22 patients were treated by APVCR. All patients had a minimum 2-year follow-up. The radiographic parameters as well as anterior release length, posterior fusion length, screw number, operation time, estimated blood loss, hospitalization time, complication rate, and demographic data were analyzed.Results
There was no significant difference in age, gender, etiology, flexibility of main curve, anterior release length, posterior fusion length, screw number, and follow-up between the two groups. The APVCR group had longer operation and hospitalization time, and more blood loss. There was no significant difference in the preoperative main curve between the two groups, but the APVCR group had smaller main curve at postoperation and final follow-up, and higher correction rate at immediate postoperation and final follow-up. There was no significant difference in the preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up thoracic kyphosis, and coronal and sagittal balance between the two groups. There was no significant difference in complication rate between the two groups. Analysis of the preoperative SRS-22 questionnaire revealed no difference between the two groups. At final follow-up, APSF and APVCR groups had similar scores in the function, pain, self-image, mental health, and satisfaction with the treatment domains.Conclusions
Compared with APSF, treating severe and rigid scoliosis by APVCR means longer operation and hospitalization time, and more blood loss, but it allows better correction rate of main curve. Furthermore, SRS-22 questionnaire improvement scores were similar for both correction methods. 相似文献16.
中国康复医学会脊柱脊髓专业委员会脊柱肿瘤研究学组 《中国脊柱脊髓杂志》2023,(4):376-384
随着肿瘤综合治疗技术的发展,各类恶性肿瘤患者的生存期延长,出现脊柱转移的可能性也增高,故脊柱转移性肿瘤患者的数量逐年增长。部分脊柱转移性肿瘤患者可带瘤生存较长时间,中位生存期为12~20个月。但脊柱转移性肿瘤导致病理性骨折和脊髓压迫等骨相关事件(skeletal related events,SREs)会引起疼痛与神经功能障碍,严重影响患者的生活质量,甚至缩短患者寿命。因此对脊柱转移性肿瘤患者进行合理精准的手术治疗非常重要。脊柱转移性肿瘤的手术治疗以姑息性干预为前提,旨在减轻疼痛、改善或维持神经功能、恢复脊柱的稳定、实现肿瘤的局部控制。目前脊柱转移性肿瘤的手术治疗缺乏多中心研究。为了规范和推广脊柱转移性肿瘤的手术治疗,使更多临床医师了解各治疗手段的理念,中国康复医学会脊柱脊髓专业委员会脊柱肿瘤研究学组委托董健教授组织,特邀请全国专家共同制定本共识。本共识采用“共识会议法”制定,以文献资料和临床经验为基础,逐条讨论共识内容后再进行意见征询,总结形成共识,供从事脊柱转移性肿瘤诊疗的医务工作者在临床工作中参考和应用。 相似文献
17.
The solid-pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas: the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Peng CH Chen DF Zhou GW Yang WP Tao ZY Lei RQ Zhange SD Li HW 《The Journal of surgical research》2006,131(2):276-282
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Since being named and reclassified by WHO in 1996, solid-pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of pancreas has been recognized as a special entitative disease that is different from pancreatic cancer and should be recognized and treated more accurately in the surgical process. The clinic characteristics and surgical strategy on 25 cases of SPT of pancreas from the authors' center are discussed. METHODS: The clinical pathology and the surgical methods of 25 SPTs were retrospectively studied. The analyses were performed by the statistical software package SAS6.12. RESULTS: No tumor recurrences were found in all patients. There was significant difference between operative types in radical resection and the tumor position of the pancreas (P = 0.0011). The judgment on the tumor's boundary could directly affect the adoptable operative types (P = 0.0099). CONCLUSIONS: As a uniquely entitative disease, SPT is a kind of uncommon neoplasm with low-grade malignancy with a strong rate of occurrence in women. Surgical resection is most favorable in the treatment of SPT, which has excellent prognosis. The course of SPT, the possible malignant cells by the frozen section biopsy, and the tumor's boundary are important for operators to decide an operative scheme. SPT that has infiltrated contiguous vessels, organs, even with local liver metastasis should not be regarded as operative contraindication. The choice of the local tumor resection, the part of pancreas resection or radical resection depends on the judgment of the tumor's boundary, whereas operative types in radical resection depend on the tumor position of the pancreas. 相似文献
18.
目的探讨脾转移性肿瘤的临床病理学特征。方法回顾性分析2012年1月~2020年12月中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院的56例脾转移性肿瘤患者的临床资料及病理学特征,并复习相关文献。排除累及脾的淋巴造血系统肿瘤。结果脾肿瘤139例,占同时期我院脾手术病例的11.82%。脾淋巴造血系统肿瘤44例,非淋巴造血系统肿瘤95例,其中转移性肿瘤56例。脾转移性肿瘤占同时期我院脾手术病例的4.76%,占同时期我院脾肿瘤性病变的40.29%。56例脾转移性肿瘤患者中,男性26例,女性30例。发病年龄30~76岁,平均年龄53岁。56例脾转移性肿瘤包括胰腺肿瘤(19例)、卵巢癌(13例)、胃肿瘤(9例)、肝癌(6例)、肠腺癌(4例)、阑尾粘液腺癌(2例)、子宫绒毛膜癌(1例)、乳腺浸润性导管癌(1例)、肺癌(1例)。脾转移性肿瘤病理学形态与原发肿瘤相似,免疫组化染色进一步明确诊断。结论脾转移性肿瘤原发灶来源广泛,最常见的原发肿瘤是卵巢高级别浆液性腺癌和胰腺导管腺癌。通过临床⁃影像⁃病理三结合有助于正确诊断。 相似文献
19.
目的:探讨3D打印个体化人工椎体在多节段脊柱肿瘤切除后脊柱稳定性重建中应用的安全性和有效性。方法:回顾性分析2017年5月~2019年12月在我院行多节段脊柱肿瘤全切并行3D打印人工椎体脊柱稳定性重建的患者9例,其中男性3例,女性6例;年龄25~64岁,平均41.7±10.5岁,随访18.3±11.4个月(6~36个月)。9例均为原发肿瘤:T5~T7骨母细胞瘤术后复发1例,T7~T8上皮样血管肉瘤1例,T10~T11未分化小圆细胞肉瘤1例,T11~L1软骨肉瘤1例,骨巨细胞瘤5例(T6~T8共2例,T2~T3、T4~T5、T11~L1各1例)。依据肿瘤位置及周围软组织侵袭程度,采取单纯后路手术方式8例,前后路联合手术方式1例行多节段全椎体切除,并通过激光选区融化技术构建个体化3D打印人工椎体进行脊柱稳定性重建。记录手术时间、出血量,通过术后X线片(1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月)及CT(6个月、12个月、24个月)定期复查,之后每6个月复查1次。应用BrantiganSteffee脊柱融合分级评估人工椎体稳定性、界面骨融合情况,手术前及术后1周进行Frankel神经功能评分及疼痛视觉模拟(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分。术后定期观察肿瘤是否复发生原位复发、远处转移以及患者生存情况。结果:所有患者均成功接受多节段脊柱肿瘤切除3D打印人工椎体脊柱稳定性重建术,其中2个节段椎体切除4例,3个节段椎体切除5例。患者手术时间433.3±174.6min(235~740min),术中出血量4816.7±3221.2ml(1000~14000ml)。术前的VAS评分4.1±1.1分,术后7d患者的VAS评分1.2±0.4分,差异具有统计学意义(P0.001)。术前Frankel分级为D级的3例患者术后7d时有2例恢复到E级,1例无明显变化,6例E级患者无明显变化。随访期内3D打印人工椎体与邻近椎体匹配情况良好,无松动、下沉及移位,同时未出现断钉、断棒等内固定失败情况。术后6个月,人工椎体与邻近椎体接触紧密,开始出现界面骨长入,术后12个月,人工椎体与邻近椎体出现骨性连接,发生骨性融合。随访期内7例患者无肿瘤复发转移,1例软骨肉瘤患者术后16个月局部复发,安罗替尼治疗后肿瘤无恶化,1例上皮样血管肉瘤患者全身多发转移于术后18个月死亡,患者中位生存期18个月。结论:3D打印个体化人工椎体可以满足多节段脊柱肿瘤切除后脊柱稳定性重建的要求,精确恢复椎体连续性,精准匹配相邻椎体,自身孔隙结构利于骨的长入,是一种多节段脊柱肿瘤切除后理想的脊柱稳定性重建方法。 相似文献
20.
【摘要】 目的:评价椎体矢状切除技术在胸腰椎肿瘤中的安全性、有效性,探讨椎体分区、分型对手术的指导意义。方法:以椎体椎弓根的内侧缘、外侧缘和椎体中线为界,将椎体的解剖部位对称地分为Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ区,并根据此分区进行分型,Ⅰ型,肿瘤累及Ⅰ区,矢状切除范围为同侧Ⅰ~Ⅱ区;Ⅱ型,肿瘤累及Ⅱ区,矢状切除同侧Ⅰ~Ⅲ区;Ⅲ型,肿瘤累及Ⅲ区,矢状切除同侧Ⅰ~Ⅲ区及对侧Ⅲ区。根据纳入排除标准,收集于2018年6月~2021年12月在我科进行胸腰椎肿瘤矢状切除的患者共8例,男性6例(75%),女性2例(25%),平均年龄37.8±4.8岁。骨肉瘤2例,软组织肉瘤2例,转移癌2例,良性局部侵袭性肿瘤2例。Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型2例,Ⅲ型5例。分别收集患者一般资料、手术相关临床数据,包括肿瘤累及分区、手术时间、术中失血量、重建方式、手术并发症、复发率、远期并发症、Frankel分级,随访观察该术式的治疗效果。结果:随访时间22.3±3.9个月(12~40个月),术中失血量为1812.5±333.0ml,手术时间为369.6±27.7min。有1例软组织切缘阳性,因患者在外院首次手术造成硬膜粘连,我院进行第二次手术;所有患者骨切缘均为阴性。肿瘤学结果包括1例肿瘤局部复发合并远处转移,局部复发率12.5%(1/8),1例远处转移,无感染及死亡病例,未见内固定失败病例。Frankel分级手术后未见恶化情况。结论:基于我们提出的分区、分型系统,可以有效指导胸腰椎肿瘤的椎体矢状切除,保留部分椎体,有助于减少手术并发症。 相似文献