大分子吸附树脂清除血清中免疫复合物的实验研究

目的：采用血液灌流吸附方法清除血液中病理性循环免疫复合物(CIC),寻找安全有效的吸附剂。方法：从系列亲合吸附剂中筛选出对CIC具有良好吸附性能的AA3吸附剂,测定了该AA3的比表面积、孔容积和平均孔径等参数,分析了吸附剂用量、吸附速率、温度和血中CIC浓度等条件对吸附率、吸附量的影响。结果：AA3可有效地降低血液中CIC的浓度,其吸附率可达40％以上,为治疗多种免疫复合物疾病开辟了一条途径。     

固定多粘菌素B的新型吸附剂对血液中细菌内毒素吸附性能的实验研究

研究了固定有多粘菌素B（Polymyxin B,PMB）短肽的聚苯乙烯微球对血浆中细菌内毒素的亲和吸附性能，讨论了不同吸附条件对吸附性能的影响。用纯种大白鼠作为实验动物，建立内毒索血症动物模型。用固定有PMB短肽的聚苯乙烯微球对动物模型进行血液灌流实验，观察该吸附剂血液灌流清除血浆中内毒素的功效，考察了接有PMB短肽的聚苯乙烯微球的血液相容性及其对蛋白的影响。实验结果表明。采用血液灌流吸附疗法成功地清除动物模型血液中的内毒素，而且，固定有多粘菌素B的特异吸附剂具有良好的血液相容性。     

海藻酸锌络合物血液灌流吸附尿素的实验研究

首次采用海藻酸锌络合物配位吸附尿素分子 ,研究了这类络合物在不同条件下对尿素的吸附性能。用纯种大耳白兔作为实验动物 ,建立肾衰动物模型。海藻酸锌络合物为吸附剂对动物模型进行血液灌流实验 ,观察该吸附剂血液灌流清除体内尿素的功效 ,以及对肝功能、肾功能等临床生化指标的影响。在模拟人体生理介质的水溶液中对尿素吸附率达 74 .6 5± 4 .71%。对血液中尿素的吸附率达 6 5 .2 5± 4 .33%。经动物血液灌流对血液中Bun、Cr的清除率达 6 0 %以上。     

亲和吸附剂实验动物(兔)血液灌流清除血中循环免疫复合物的实验研究Ⅱ

介绍了用纯种大耳白兔作为实验动物,建立高循环免疫复合物动物模型,并采用ＡＡ３ 吸附剂对动物模型进行模拟体外血液灌流实验,观察该吸附剂血液灌流清除体内的循环免疫复合物（ＣＩＣ）的功效,观察ＡＡ３ 吸附剂的血液相容性及对蛋白的影响。     

亲和吸附剂实验动物（兔）血液灌流清除血中循环免疫复合物 …

介绍了用纯种大耳白兔作为实验动物,建立高循环免疫复合物动物模型,并采用ＡＡ３吸附剂对动物模型进行模拟体外血液灌流实验,观察该吸附剂血液灌流清除体内的循环免疫复合物（ＣＩＣ）的功效,观察ＡＡ３吸附剂的血液相容性及对蛋白的影响。     

急性肾衰动物模型的血液灌流实验研究

用纯种大耳白兔作为实验动物,建立肾衰动物模型.海藻酸锌络合物为吸附剂对动物模型进行血液灌流实验,观察该吸附剂血液灌流清除体内脲分子的功效,以及对血液相容性、肝功能、肾功能等临床生化指标的影响.经动物血液灌流对血液中Bun、Cr的清除率达60%以上,而且具有良好的血液相容性.     

类风湿因子免疫吸附血液灌流材料的制备及其性能评价

制备一种新型的类风湿因子（RF）免疫吸附剂并研究其性能。通过在氯甲基聚苯乙烯-二乙烯树脂（氯球）的表面接枝苯丙氨酸（PHE）,制备出可供临床应用的类风湿因子血液灌流吸附剂（PS-PHE）;体外动态灌流实验测定吸附剂的吸附率;体外动态洗脱实验测定RF的脱落量及脱落率;通过体外灌流模拟实验,检测灌流对血液成分的影响来评价吸附剂的选择性;体外凝血酶原时间（PTs）及凝血酶时间（TTs）检测实验验证材料的血液相容性。免疫吸附剂对类风湿因子IgA RF、IgG RF、IgM RF的吸附率分别可以达到45.21%±1.80%、56.02%±1.36%、52.40%±2.01% (n=5),洗脱后脱落率分别为22.10%±1.65%、19.23%±1.06%、21.31%±1.35% (n=5)。全血灌流实验中材料对红细胞、血小板、总蛋白的吸附均在10%以下。同时体外凝血酶原时间（PTs）及凝血酶时间（TTs）测定结果显示PS-PHE能延缓凝血速度。结论PS-PHE对RF具有较高的吸附率及特异性并且表现出优良的血液相容性,在类风湿关节炎的临床治疗方面具有良好的应用前景。     

DNA免疫吸附剂血液灌流治疗系统性红斑狼疮临床应用研究

目的 :应用DNA免疫吸附剂 ,对系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)患者进行血液灌流治疗 ,以清除致病抗体及其免疫复合物 ,使血液得到净化以治疗疾病。方法 :将患者动脉血液流经血液灌流仪 ,以保温 (38℃± )和保持流速(2 0 0ml/min)进入DNA免疫吸附罐 ,在罐内经吸附后由静脉回输入体内。吸附 1次需 1.5～ 2h ,使患者体内血液流经 3～ 4遍。结果 :32例SLE患者吸附后 1～ 2天发热、乏力、关节痛消失 ,2周皮损 87.5 %消失 ,1周各项检测异常指标皆达正常参考值内。而血中有形成份红细胞、白细胞、血小板则无影响。所治疗 32例SLE患者已随访 12～ 4 4个月 ,与未用此法治疗的对比组 34例SLE患者相比 ,生活质量明显提高 ,病死率显著下降 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :用DNA免疫吸附剂进行血液灌流的净化疗法是特异性强、疗效高、无菌、无毒性、无致热源、无溶血反应、便于应用的一种新疗法     

AA3吸附剂对清除家兔免疫复合物的研究

研究了亲和吸附剂（Ａｆｆｉｎｉｔｙａｄｓｏｒｂｅｎｔ，ＡＡ３）对家兔Ⅲ型变态反应模型血液灌流实验。观察了吸附剂对循环免疫复合物的清除效果及其血液相容性。     

类风湿因子免疫吸附剂的制备及性能研究

目的制备一种类风湿因子（RF）免疫吸附剂并研究其性能。方法利用悬浮聚合法制备出大孔聚乙烯醇（PVA）树脂,以此为载体接枝苯丙氨酸,制备出可用于血液灌流吸附的RF免疫吸附剂（PVA-P树脂）,通过体外吸附实验观察不同处理方法对RF吸附性能的影响。通过体外血液学实验和溶血实验观察该吸附剂的血液相容性。结果免疫吸附剂的体外吸附实验表明,免疫吸附剂对RF的吸附清除率达到60%以上,处理工艺对RF吸附性能无明显影响。体外血液相容性实验结果表明：免疫吸附剂对红细胞、血小板、总蛋白的影响差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,其他血液指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,与日本同类吸附RF产品平行比较,对血细胞的影响差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 PVA-P树脂作为RF免疫吸附剂具有良好的临床应用前景。     

新型亲和吸附剂对血液中循环免疫复合物吸附性能的研究

从５种亲和吸附占筛选出病理性循环免疫复合物具有特异性的吸附的吸附剂，测定其比表面积、孔结构参数：平均孔径、孔容、并讨论了吸附诸条件对ＣＩＣ吸附性能的影响。     

Detection of IgA class circulating immune complexes bound to anti-C3d antibody in patients with IgA nephropathy

IgA class circulating immune complexes (CIC) were detected by solid-phase fluorescent enzyme immunoassay of F(ab')2 anti-C3d antibody in the serum of 52 patients with IgA nephropathy. Conglutinin (Kg) binding IgA class CIC were also measured, and results by these assays were compared. Kg binding IgA class CIC and anti-C3d binding IgA class CIC were detected in 27% and 44%, respectively, of the patients with IgA nephropathy. Either or both of the two were found in 65% of the patients. There was no significant correlation between IgA class CIC detected by these methods and serum IgA. Although all samples with a very high level of anti-C3d binding IgA class CIC did not also have a very high level of Kg binding IgA class CIC, there was a slight quantitative correlation between the 2 assays. Ultracentrifugation analysis showed that anti-C3d binding IgA class CIC were of various sizes between polymeric (21 S) and monomeric IgA (7 S), whereas Kg binding IgA class CIC were mostly monomeric IgA (8 S) with a minor component of heavy fractions (14 S). Both IgA class CIC fixed iC3b and IgA class CIC fixed C3d are present in IgA nephropathy. These observations suggest that the different types of complement bound to IgA class CIC have different roles in IgA nephropathy.     

Changes in circulating immune complexes in tumour patient serum after in vitro or ex vivo affinity chromatography of blood plasma or whole blood over immunoglobulin-binding staphylococcal protein A-Sepharose

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were determined in tumour patient sera using three methods. One is based on PEG-precipitation, one on C1q-reactivity, and one on protein A-reactivity. About 25-30% of the sera were positive in at least one of the tests. Incubation of serum with protein A-Sepharose in vitro removed PEG-precipitable CIC from most sera, whereas C1q-reactive CICs had a much lower affinity to protein A. The protein A-reactive complexes showed considerable variation in their binding to protein A-Sepharose, and in some sera the amount of these CICs was actually increased. Similar changes in protein A-reactive CIC were also found during ex vivo treatment of tumour patients with immune adsorption. It is proposed that the binding of immune complexes to protein A can result in remodelling of protein A itself. Results from ultracentrifugation and fractionated PEG-precipitation support this hypothesis.     

Analysis of antigen involved in circulating immune complexes in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were frequently observed in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). To analyse the pathogenic role of CIC, we studied the correlation between the disease activity and the CIC level, and whether platelet antigens were involved in CIC from ITP sera. Elevated CIC levels, measured by Clq, anti-C3 and spermatozoa micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were found in 37%, 54% and 52% of the patients, respectively. However, there were no significant correlations (r = -0.11, -0.03 and -0.04, respectively) between the platelet count and the CIC level. Platelet antigens in CIC were detected with rabbit anti-human platelet serum. The CIC from 18%, 25% and 25%, respectively, of ITP sera contained platelet antigens, but the CIC from only 3%, 9% and 6% of SLE sera and from 3%, 2% and 5% of the sera of alloimmunized patients, respectively, contained these antigens. There were significant correlations (r = 0.51, 0.80 and 0.65, respectively) between the amount of platelet antigens and the CIC level in ITP sera. However, there were no correlations (r = -0.26, -0.29 and 0.08, respectively) between the platelet count and the amount of platelet antigens in the CIC. We detected platelet antigens in CIC from ITP sera, but surmise that these CIC perhaps do not play an important role in platelet destruction.     

免疫复合物,补体C3和CRA在囊虫发病机理中的作用

采用琼脂单向扩散法检测了囊虫病人血清中补体Ｃ３，ＰＥＧ沉淀－紫外分光法检测ＣＩＣ，免疫酶法检测ＣＲＡ，检测结果发现囊虫病人血清中Ｃ３含量和ＣＲＡ水平明显低于正常人（Ｐ〈０．０５～０．０１），但ＣＩＣ水平明显高于正常人（Ｐ〈０．０１）。提示囊虫病人随着病程的进展，囊虫抗原不断入血与相应抗体结合形成ＣＩＣ。机体在血清中Ｃ３水平和ＣＲＡ低下时，ＣＩＣ含量升高，ＣＩＣ可能作为免疫抑制因子抑制ＡＤＣＣ，对囊     

The relationship between autoantibodies to triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroglobulin (Tg) in the dog.

The relationship between T3 autoantibodies (T3AA) and thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA) in dogs was investigated by determining the inhibitory effect of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroglobulin (Tg) on T3AA and TgAA binding activity and by determining the pattern of occurrence of the two activities in canine serum samples. Strong similarity in binding characteristics between the two activities, as one might expect if T3AA activity were merely a cross-reactivity of TgAA, was not observed. Canine T3AA activity exhibited a cross-reactivity to purified canine Tg that was intermediate between that of T3 and T4, indicating an antigenic relationship to an epitope of Tg. Average affinity constants of canine T3AA (N = 11) for T3, Tg and T4 were 1.76 x 10(10) M-1, 2.29 x 10(9) M-1, and 1.02 x 10(8) M-1, respectively. Canine TgAA activity, however, did not cross-react significantly with T3 or T4. Canine TgAA (N = 21) binding to canine Tg was not inhibited by T4 or T3 at concentrations up to 2 x 10(-4) M. Each of 23 canine serum samples containing T3AA also exhibited TgAA activity, although there was poor correlation between the magnitudes of the two activities. Neither T3AA nor TgAA activity was observed in serum samples from 16 euthyroid dogs; however, 46.7% of the samples from 15 hypothyroid dogs had detectable TgAA activity. T3AA is so rare that is was not observed in this small population of samples from hypothyroid dogs. The [125I] T3 binding in serum from hypothyroid dogs was elevated compared to that in euthyroid dogs, but was considerably lower than in samples generally designated as containing T3AA. These results suggest that T3AA found in occasional canine serum samples are due to the presence of autoantibodies recognizing a T3 containing epitope of Tg that is different from the epitopes involved in eliciting the predominant population of canine Tg autoantibodies.     

Detection and quantitation of circulating immune complexes in arterial blood of patients with rheumatic disease

We developed antigen-nonspecific enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA) to quantitate IgG-C3- and IgM-C3-containing circulating immune complexes (CIC) in venous and arterial blood from rheumatic disease patients. Standards were diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-purified, heat-aggregated IgG incubated with fresh human serum (for IgG-C3 CIC) and IgM rheumatoid factor-rich serum incubated with reduced, alkylated IgG and then with fresh human serum (for IgM-IgG-C3 CIC). Venous serum and plasma IgG-C3 and IgM-C3 CIC correlated closely (P less than 0.01). Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) patients had elevated levels of venous IgM-C3 CIC (P less than 0.0001) but not IgG-C3 CIC; patients with vasculitis, inflammatory rheumatic diseases, or noninflammatory rheumatic diseases had mean values similar to normal individuals. Venous IgG-C3 and IgM-C3 CIC did not correlate. Paired venous and arterial samples from 16 rheumatic disease patients averaged comparable amounts of IgG-C3 and IgM-C3 CIC, respectively; venous and arterial IgM-C3 CIC levels in patients significantly exceeded normals (P less than 0.05). Venous and arterial IgG-C3 CIC levels correlated closely (P less than 0.01) as did venous and arterial IgM-C3 levels (P less than 0.05). Thus, arterial CIC offered no advantage over venous determinations for rheumatic disease patients. IgM-C3 CIC were elevated in patients with RA and SLE when IgG-C3 CIC were not. Ig isotype-specific CIC quantitation may be useful for certain rheumatic diseases.