核黄素-紫外线A巩膜胶原交联照射时间与视网膜损伤的关系

目的:研究不同照射时间下核黄素-紫外线A巩膜胶原交联术对兔视网膜的影响,寻找照射的安全时间。方法:采用随机数表法将60只健康成年新西兰大白兔随机分为对照组(0 min组)和照射10、20、30及40 min组,每组12只,均取左眼进行核黄素-紫外线A巩膜胶原交联照射(370 nm,10 mW/cm 2)。采...     

间充质干细胞来源小胞外囊泡对视网膜光损伤的治疗作用及其机制

目的研究间充质干细胞(MSCs)来源小胞外囊泡(sEVs)对小鼠视网膜光损伤的作用及其可能的机制。方法人脐带来源MSCs采用流式细胞术鉴定表面标记蛋白, 收集第3～5代MSCs培养上清, 超速离心收集sEVs并采用透射电子显微镜鉴定形态。将65只清洁级8～10周龄健康雌性BALB/c小鼠按照随机数字表法随机分为正常组(17只)、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)组(24只)和sEVs组(24只)。PBS组和sEVs组小鼠右眼玻璃体腔分别注射2 μl PBS和2 μl sEVs后, 在蓝光照度930 lx的环境下照射6 h;正常组小鼠不做处理。分组处理后3 d, 采用苏木精-伊红染色观察视网膜结构, 原位末端转移酶标记(TUNEL)染色进行凋亡细胞计数, 视网膜电图(ERG)检测小鼠视网膜功能, mRNA转录组测序技术检测PBS组与sEVs组小鼠视网膜mRNA表达差异情况, 并进行差异基因KEGG聚类分析, 实时荧光定量PCR法进一步验证差异基因表达。结果培养的MSCs中CD90、CD105表达阳性, 而CD34、CD45表达阴性, 提取的MSC-sEVs呈直径为80～140 nm的双层膜囊泡结构。...     

Slit2对糖尿病模型小鼠角膜上皮和神经的保护作用及其机制

目的:探讨Slit引导配体2(Slit2)对糖尿病小鼠角膜上皮和神经损伤修复的促进作用及其可能的分子机制。方法:选取60只SPF级5~6周龄C57BL/6小鼠,采用随机数字表法分为正常对照组、糖尿病模型组和Slit2注射组,每组20只。糖尿病模型组和Slit2注射组小鼠采用链脲霉素腹腔内注射法建立糖尿病模型。构建小鼠角...     

RMT1-10体外诱导耐受性树突状细胞对小鼠高危角膜移植排斥反应的抑制作用及其机制

目的探讨RMT1-10体外诱导耐受性树突状细胞(Tol-DCs)对小鼠高危角膜移植排斥反应的抑制作用及其机制。方法选取SPF级雄性BALB/c小鼠100只和C57BL/6小鼠50只, 获取C57BL/6小鼠骨髓来源的未成熟树突状细胞(imDCs), 按照诱导干预不同分为imDCs组(不干预)、成熟树突状细胞(mDCs)组(加入脂多糖)、RMT1-10组(加入RMT1-10和脂多糖)和IgG同型对照组(加入IgG同型抗体和脂多糖), 培养7 d后采用流式细胞术检测各组DCs表型CD11c、CD80、CD86、主要组织相容性复合物(MHC)-Ⅱ、T细胞免疫球蛋白和黏蛋白结构域分子(Tim)-4和CD103表达水平;采用酶联免疫吸附法测定细胞培养液上清液中白细胞介素10(IL-10)和转化生长因子β(TGF-β)质量浓度。建立混合淋巴细胞培养体系, 采用细胞计数试剂盒8法检测各组DCs刺激CD4+ T细胞增生的刺激指数(SI)。以角膜基质缝线法诱导BALB/c小鼠角膜新生血管, 以4个象限新生血管均匀长入角膜中周区的小鼠作为受体。将80只受体小鼠采用随机数字表法随机分为imDCs组、mDCs...     

紧密连接蛋白对实验性角膜新生血管发生的抑制作用

背景 角膜新生血管（CNV）是导致角膜盲的主要原因之一,研究表明紧密连接蛋白中的闭锁小带蛋白1（ZO-1）对病理性新生血管的发生有调节作用,能通过紧密连接结构构成有效的生理屏障,抑制病理性新生血管的生长,但ZO-1对CNV是否发挥作用尚不清楚. 目的 探讨ZO-1在实验性CNV发生及发展中的作用及其机制.方法 将清洁级7～8周龄雄性BALB/c小鼠24只按随机数字表法随机分为碱烧伤15s组和碱烧伤40 s组,用NaOH滤纸贴附小鼠左眼中央角膜的方法构建CNV模型,于碱烧伤后2周在裂隙灯显微镜下观察并比较两组小鼠CNV生长情况,采用逆转录PCR（RT-PCR）法检测并比较两组小鼠角膜组织中ZO-1 mRNA的表达.另取鼠龄和性别相匹配同种小鼠54只随机分为3个组,均用NaOH滤纸贴附小鼠左眼中央角膜40 s的方法构建CNV模型,造模后分别用质量分数0.2％透明质酸钠（HA）配制的10 mg/L的ZO-1抗体和0.2％ HA配制的5 mg/L缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）重组蛋白点眼1周,每日3次.于实验后2周摘除大鼠左眼角膜,用免疫组织化学法检测CD31在CNV中的表达,鉴定CNV的形成数目和面积;采用RT-PCR法检测3个组小鼠角膜组织中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF） mRNA的表达;采用流式细胞术检测碱烧伤角膜中巨噬细胞特异性标志物F4/80、中性粒细胞特异性标志物Ly-6G的阳性细胞比例,评价炎性细胞的浸润情况.结果 裂隙灯显微镜下可见造模后2周小鼠CNV达高峰;碱烧伤15 s组小鼠轻度、中度、重度CNV的眼数分布明显少于碱烧伤40 s组,差异有统计学意义（x2=6.032,P=O.049）;碱烧伤15s组和碱烧伤40 s组小鼠角膜中ZO-1 mRNA的相对表达量分别为1.53±0.04和1.15±0.08,差异有统计学意义（t=4.157,P=0.014）.免疫组织化学法检测显示,ZO-1抗体干预组和HIF-1α阳性对照组小鼠角膜组织中CD31阳性细胞数多于0.2％ HA组,差异均有统计学意义（t=-129.590、-226.820,均     

高糖环境下Ndufa4线粒体复合体相关蛋白2(Ndufa4l2)对小鼠视网膜感光细胞661W的影响

目的 探讨高糖环境下Ndufa4线粒体复合体相关蛋白2(Ndufa4l2)对视网膜感光细胞661W功能的影响及其相关机制.方法 体内实验:选取C57BL/6J小鼠12只,采用随机数字表法分为糖尿病组和正常组,每组各6只,糖尿病组小鼠采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素造模,正常组小鼠腹腔注射等体积柠檬酸缓冲液.采用免疫组织化学法检测...     

激光照射频次和单次照射时长对眼部组织的损伤作用评估

目的:探讨激光照射频次和单次照射时长对泪液分泌、晶状体以及视网膜形态和功能的影响。方法:选取36只健康豚鼠进行眼部激光照射实验,采用随机数字表法并依据激光照射频次和单次照射持续时间的不同将豚鼠随机分为高频短时(HFST)组、高频长时(HFLT)组、中频短时(MFST)组、中频长时(HFLT)组、低频短时(LFST)组和...     

大气污染物颗粒物黑碳对小鼠泪膜功能的损害作用

目的观察不同浓度大气污染物颗粒物来源黑碳混悬溶液点眼对小鼠泪膜功能的损害作用。方法选取28只6～8周龄SPF级雄性BALB/c小鼠, 按照随机数字表法随机平均分为0.5 mg/ml组、1 mg/ml组、5 mg/ml组和对照组, 每组7只, 分别采用0.5 mg/ml、1 mg/ml、5 mg/ml黑碳混悬液和磷酸盐缓冲溶液点右眼, 每次4 μl, 每天3次。于处理前及处理后4、7、10、14 d对小鼠行泪液分泌量、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)检测及角膜荧光染色(CFS)和结膜充血情况评估。结果在处理后第14天, 0.5 mg/ml组、1 mg/ml组、5 mg/ml组和对照组泪液分泌量分别为(2.74±0.74)、(2.73±0.76)、(2.31±0.67)和(5.31±0.36)mm, TBUT分别为(4.87±0.28)、(4.00±0.76)、(3.23±0.43)和(6.22±0.22)s, CFS分别为4(3, 4)、5(5, 6)、7(7, 8)和0(0, 1)分, 结膜充血评级分别为2(2, 3)、2(2, 3)、3(2, 3)和0(0, 1)。0.5 mg/ml组、1 ...     

昼夜节律变化对RORs表达及RORs激动剂SR1078对角膜上皮创伤修复的影响

目的:探讨昼夜节律变化对视黄酸相关孤儿受体(RORs)表达量及RORs激动剂SR1078对角膜上皮创伤修复的影响。方法:选取SPF级6~8周龄C57BL/6雌性小鼠228只,采用随机数表法将其中180只小鼠分为昼夜节律正常组、全昼组、全夜组、昼夜颠倒12 h组和昼夜颠倒3周组,每组36只。将剩余48只小鼠采用随机数表法...     

B7-H3在小鼠角膜移植免疫赦免中的作用探讨

目的 探讨共刺激分子B7-H3在小鼠角膜中的表达情况以及在角膜移植免疫赦免中的作用.方法 实验研究.以C57BL/6小鼠为供体、BALB/c小鼠为受体建立角膜移植实验模型,采用简单随机抽样方法,取8只未行角膜移植的BALB/c小鼠作为正常对照组,另取8只BALB/c小鼠作为自体角膜移植组,最后30只BALB/c小鼠进行同种异体角膜移植;按Sonoda法观察小鼠角膜移植后的存活率,8周内植片混浊评分≥2分判定为排斥组,8周时未达到2分的认为是存活组;各组各取3只眼球,HE染色后行组织病理学观察并行B7-H3分子的免疫组织化学检测;各组各取5只眼角膜,行荧光定量PCR检测B7-H3分子mRNA的表达情况.各组角膜组织中的B7-H3 mRNA表达差异倍数比较采用设计单因素的方差分析,组间的多重比较采用LSD-t检验.结果 同种异体角膜移植组并未完全排斥,30只小鼠中有9只存活,21只排斥,移植存活率为30％;自体角膜移植组移植存活率为100％;免疫组织化学表明B7-H3分子在正常对照组和自体角膜移植组的角膜上皮、内皮细胞和虹膜睫状体中均有表达,在存活组中的表达明显增加,而在排斥组中的表达明显减少;qPCR检测在正常对照组(4.30±0.023)和自体角膜移植组(4.33±0.031)中均可以检测出B7-H3分子mRNA的表达;同种异体角膜移植排斥组B7-H3分子的mRNA表达程度(3.89±0.037)明显下降;但在同种异体角膜移植存活组中B7-H3分子的mRNA表达(5.04±0.058)明显增加;将各组B7-H3 mRNA的表达差异进行统计学分析,先进行方差齐性检验(F =429.546),再采用LSD法进行两两比较,除了正常对照组与自体角膜移植组之间差异无统计学意义(P =0.387)之外,正常对照组与存活组及排斥组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P =0.001,0.003)结论 B7-H3分子在促进角膜移植的免疫赦免中发挥一定的作用,可能是维持移植角膜免疫耐受状态的重要因子之一.     

复发性单疱病毒性角膜炎实验模型的研究

目的：建立一种可靠、实用的复发性单疱病毒性角膜炎（HSK）的实验模型。方法：用单纯病毒I型（HSV－1）Mckrae株行NIH鼠的角膜接种,用人的抗HSV－1血清行鼠的腹腔内注射,使病毒在三叉神经节或角膜内建立起潜伏感染。用紫外线B光照射鼠的角膜,诱导HSK复发。观察诱导HSK复发的成功率、复发性HSK的临床特征、组织学特点。结果：紫外线照射诱导鼠HSK复发的成功率为72．5％,复发性HSK主要表现为基质型角膜炎,组织切片见角膜基质层内有大量的淋巴细胞和一些中性粒细胞浸润。     

单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎小鼠模型的建立及鉴定

目的：探讨建立不同感染时期HSK小鼠动物模型,为HSK的深入研究建立基础。方法：Balb/c小鼠125只麻醉后在显微镜下用刀片背面尖端于角膜＂#＂字划痕,其中100只小鼠接种HSV-Ⅰ病毒,另25只小鼠不接种病毒作为正常对照组。术后每天用10g/L荧光素钠染色后裂隙灯显微镜下观察角膜病变发生情况,并取角膜表面泪液进行HEK293T细胞检测以确定裂隙灯显微镜下有无病毒复制。对潜伏感染期小鼠模型采用紫外线B光照射以诱导HSK复发。结果：接种HSV-Ⅰ病毒的小鼠模型眼于接种后3d内全部出现急性上皮性角膜炎表现。经阿昔洛韦滴眼液治疗1wk后角膜炎症消失,但角膜和三叉神经节中PCR检测病毒仍为阳性。潜伏感染期小鼠模型经紫外线B光照射后也都在1wk内复发,并表现为以基质型角膜炎为主要临床表现的角膜病变。结论：采用角膜划痕法对Balb/c小鼠接种HSV-Ⅰ病毒和紫外线B光照射可以成功地制作出原发感染期、潜伏感染期和复发感染期等不同感染时期的HSK模型,而且操作相对简单、方便易行。     

贝伐单抗对小鼠单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎角膜新生血管和瘢痕形成的抑制作用

背景 单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎(HSK)可诱导发生角膜新生血管和炎症反应,传统的治疗药物为阿昔洛韦(ACV),研究已证实贝伐单抗具有抑制新生血管的作用,但其是否对HSK发挥治疗作用值得研究. 目的 研究贝伐单抗对小鼠HSK角膜瘢痕和新生血管的抑制作用.方法 利用体外培养并感染的Vero细胞生产单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(HSV-1),以无血清DMEM培养基于冰上对HSV-1进行10倍梯度稀释后制备成HSV-1液.选用SPF级雄性6～8周龄C57 BL/6小鼠200只,用0.6μl滴度为l×l0 7空斑形成单位(PUF)/ml的HSV-1行小鼠角膜基质注射以制备HSK模型,将模型眼分为单纯ACV注射组、ACV+贝伐单抗注射组和生理盐水注射组,按照分组分别于感染后5、8、11和14d选择角膜混浊评分为1分的模型眼结膜下注射50μg ACV、50 μg ACV+5 μl贝伐单抗和5μl生理盐水.此外采用紫外线照射均有轻度新生血管和瘢痕的6只模型小鼠双眼诱导HSK复发,于复发后0、2、4和6d行5μl贝伐单抗(25 mg/ml)右眼结膜下注射,左眼结膜下注射5 μl生理盐水.于造模后5、7、11、14和17d以及复发的0、2、4和6d行小鼠角膜裂隙灯显微镜检查并用角膜知觉测量仪行中央角膜敏感度检测;制备角膜铺片,采用免疫荧光检测法检测角膜中CD31和βⅢTubulin荧光表达以评估角膜新生血管和角膜神经纤维分布;采用Image J软件测定角膜新生血管面积和瘢痕面积. 结果 HSK成模率达80％以上,造模后7d和复发后2d角膜混浊最重,造模后15 d和复发后2d角膜新生血管面积最大.造模后模型眼中央角膜敏感度逐渐降低,于造模后9d下降到最低.ACV+贝伐单抗注射组角膜病变面积小于单纯ACV注射组,ACV+贝伐单抗注射组小鼠中央角膜敏感度为5.50±0.71,明显高于生理盐水注射组的0.50±1.41,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.397,P=0.029).ACV+贝伐单抗注射组小鼠角膜病变面积增长率为(167.10±52.53)％,低于生理盐水注射组的(312.30±74.18)％,差异有统计学意义(Z=-1.992,P=0.046).实时荧光定量PCR显示造模后7d,模型眼角膜及同侧三叉神经节(TG)中胸苷激酶(TK)和感染细胞蛋白-27(ICP-27) mRNA相对表达量均较高,造模后45 d明显下降,诱导复发后2d TKmRNA和ICP-27 mRNA均再次升高,复发后7d表达量降至最低.造模后45 d同侧TG中均可见LAT mRNA表达量达峰值,诱导复发后2d相对表达量下降,复发后7d相对表达量再次升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).角膜铺片结果显示,造模后生理盐水注射组小鼠较正常对照小鼠角膜新生血管明显增加,角膜神经纤维明显减少,单纯ACV注射组和ACV+贝伐单抗注射组小鼠角膜新生血管少于生理盐水注射组,ACV+贝伐单抗注射组小鼠角膜神经纤维较生理盐水组注射组和单纯ACV注射组均增加.结论 贝伐单抗结膜下注射可抑制HSK模型小鼠角膜新生血管生成和瘢痕形成,与ACV联合应用时二者有协同作用.     

不同波长人工发光二极管光照对大鼠视网膜的影响

目的　探讨红、绿、蓝、白四种不同波长人工发光二极管(LED)光照对大鼠视网膜的影响。方法　45只3周龄SD大鼠作为实验动物,分为空白对照组,以及1000 lux和2000 lux照度下的红光照射组、绿光照射组、蓝光照射组、白光照射组,每组各5只。空白对照组大鼠自然光线下饲养1个月,不同光照组采用相应波长LED进行光照,每天照射10 min,连续1个月。取各组大鼠左眼视网膜行TUNEL染色观察细胞凋亡情况,取各组大鼠右眼视网膜行Western blot检测视网膜中PARP和GFAP的蛋白相对表达量。结果　照度1000 lux时,红光照射组、绿光照射组、蓝光照射组、白光照射组大鼠视网膜TUNEL染色均未见明显的细胞核阳性染色;Western blot检测结果显示,各组大鼠视网膜中cleved-PARP及GFAP蛋白相对表达量与空白对照组相比,差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。照度为2000 lux时,除空白对照组和红光照射组外,绿光照射组、蓝光照射组、白光照射组大鼠视网膜TUNEL染色后视网膜感光细胞层均可见细胞核点状阳性着染,提示存在DNA的降解断端;Western blot检测结果显示,蓝光照射组大鼠视网膜中cleved-PARP蛋白表达量（1.414±0.192）较空白对照组（0.624±0.148）增加,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,红光照射组（0.660±0.067）、绿光照射组（0.764±0.127）、白光照射组（0.748±0.160）大鼠视网膜cleved-PARP蛋白表达与空白对照组相比,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);各组大鼠视网膜中GFAP蛋白相对表达量比较,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。结论　照度2000 lux、每天10 min光照1个月,蓝光照射的大鼠会出现视网膜光损伤表现。     

Characterization of a murine model of recurrent herpes simplex viral keratitis induced by ultraviolet B radiation.

The authors characterized a murine model of herpes simplex virus (HSV) reactivation in which recurrent herpetic keratitis was obtained in up to 80% of animals. Five weeks after ganglionic latency was established in National Institutes of Health inbred mice after corneal inoculation, HSV type 1 (HSV-1) was reactivated by irradiating the previously inoculated eye with ultraviolet (UV) light. Comparison of different UV wavelengths showed UVB to be optimal for reactivation, with peak viral recurrence being induced by a total exposure of approximately 250 mJ/cm2. Reactivated infectious virus generally began to appear in trigeminal ganglia 2 days postirradiation and was subsequently detectable in the cornea by both corneal swabbing and immunostaining for viral antigens. Two consecutive outbreaks of viral recurrence at the ocular surface were induced in selected animals by serial exposure to UVB. Advantages of this model over other models of recurrent keratitis are discussed.     

Immunomodulation of experimental murine herpes simplex keratitis: I. UV-HSV protection

A/J mice were immunized subcutaneously with ultraviolet light (UV) inactivated herpes simplex virus type-1, MP strain (HSV-MP). Control A/J mice were immunized subcutaneously either with media (unimmunized controls) or with live HSV-MP (immunized controls). Immunized and control mice were challenged ocularly with either MP or mP strain HSV-1 after corneal scarification and were followed for 3 weeks post corneal challenge. The mice were observed during this time period for signs of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK), lid lesions and encephalitis. At the time of sacrifice, the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia were removed and assayed for latent HSV-1 using cocultivation on Vero cell monolayers. The results of these studies demonstrated that immunization with UV inactivated HSV (UV-HSV) gave the same protection against keratitis and encephalitis as immunization with live virus. Furthermore, the cocultivation assays indicated that immunization with either live HSV-1 or UV inactivated HSV-1 protected against the establishment of latency.     

Immunogenetic influence of Igh-1 phenotype on experimental herpes simplex virus type-1 corneal infection

Patterns of herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) infection were studied in BALB/c congenic, Igh-1 disparate murine strains to establish the influence of Igh-1 phenotype on the development of keratopathy, trigeminal ganglionic latency and keratocyte permissivity. Eighty-two percent of C.AL-20 (Igh-1d) mice, 40% of BALB/cByJ (Igh-1a) mice and 12% of the C.B-17 (Igh-1b) mice developed herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) following corneal challenge with 2.5 X 10(4) PFU HSV-1 strain KOS. While disease frequency was directly proportional to HSV-1 challenge dose, relative resistance and susceptibility patterns in the congenic mice were constant and highly significant. F1 progeny from C.AL-20 X C.B-17 matings demonstrated the HSK pattern of the C.B-17 parent suggesting that Igh-1 linked resistance to HSK is dominantly inherited. Equivalent trigeminal ganglionic latency was established following ocular HSV-1 inoculation in the three congenic Igh-1 disparate murine strains. Cultured keratocytes from the three Igh-1 disparate murine strains demonstrated equivalent in vitro permissivity to HSV-1 replication. These data illustrate a strong correlation between Igh-1 phenotype and the development of a HSK in congenic mice. The susceptibility/resistance to HSK in these mice is unrelated to trigeminal ganglionic latency or keratocyte permissivity.     

Sensory Nerve Retraction and Sympathetic Nerve Innervation Contribute to Immunopathology of Murine Recurrent Herpes Stromal Keratitis

PurposeHerpes stromal keratitis (HSK) represents a spectrum of pathologies which is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection and is considered a leading cause of infectious blindness. HSV-1 infects corneal sensory nerves and establishes latency in the trigeminal ganglion (TG). Recently, retraction of sensory nerves and replacement with “unsensing” sympathetic nerves was identified as a critical contributor of HSK in a mouse model where corneal pathology is caused by primary infection. This resulted in the loss of blink reflex, corneal desiccation, and exacerbation of inflammation leading to corneal opacity. Despite this, it was unclear whether inflammation associated with viral reactivation was sufficient to initiate this cascade of events.MethodsWe examined viral reactivation and corneal pathology in a mouse model with recurrent HSK by infecting the cornea with HSV-1 (McKrae) and transferring (intravenous [IV]) human sera to establish primary infection without discernible disease and then exposed the cornea to UV-B light to induce viral reactivation.ResultsUV-B light induced viral reactivation from latency in 100% of mice as measured by HSV-1 antigen deposition in the cornea. Further, unlike conventional HSK models, viral reactivation resulted in focal retraction of sensory nerves and corneal opacity. Dependent on CD4⁺ T cells, inflammation foci were innervated by sympathetic nerves.ConclusionsCollectively, our data reveal that sectoral corneal sensory nerve retraction and replacement of sympathetic nerves were involved in the progressive pathology that is dependent on CD4⁺ T cells after viral reactivation from HSV-1 latency in the UV-B induced recurrent HSK mouse model.     

OX40-Ig融合蛋白对鼠单纯疱疹性角膜基质炎的抑制作用

目的研究OX40-Ig融合蛋白对鼠单纯疱疹性角膜基质炎(HSK)的免疫抑制作用。方法将1×106PFU的单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-1)Mckrae毒株接种于BALB/c鼠的角膜上建立HSK模型;分别于接种病毒的当天、接种后第2、4d将OX40-Ig融合蛋白100μg注射到鼠的腹膜下,观察OX40-Ig融合蛋白对鼠HSK的影响。结果OX40-Ig融合蛋白使鼠外周血中CD4 T细胞减少了78·2%,使鼠HSK发病率由83·3%下降到20·0%。OX40-Ig治疗组的小鼠角膜基质混浊程度较对照组明显减轻,角膜内炎性细胞浸润也明显减少,迟发型超敏反应能力显著下降。结论OX40-Ig融合蛋白能够阻断OX-40/OX-40L协同刺激途径,抑制CD4 T细胞增生,阻止HSK的发病,减轻HSK的严重程度。     

Improvement of HSV-1 necrotizing keratitis with amniotic membrane transplantation

PURPOSE: Stromal herpes simplex virus keratitis (HSK) is an immune-mediated disease. Previous studies have indicated that T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages contribute to the tissue damage in HSK. It has been shown that human amniotic membrane promotes epithelial wound healing and has diverse anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the effect of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) on corneal wound healing and on inflammation in mice with necrotizing HSK was examined. METHODS: BALB/c mice were corneally infected with 10(5) plaque-forming units (PFU) of HSV-1 (KOS strain). In 16 mice that exhibited severe ulcerating HSK, the cornea was covered with a preserved human amniotic membrane as a patch. Corneas in 16 infected mice remained uncovered and served as a control. On days 2 and 7 after surgery, the amniotic membrane was removed (eight mice in each group), the HSV-1-infected cornea was evaluated clinically, and the eye was enucleated. Tissue sections were analyzed histologically for epithelialization and cellular infiltration and immunohistochemically with anti-CD3 mAb to T cells, anti-CD11b mAb to both macrophages and neutrophils, or anti-F4/80 mAb to macrophages. RESULTS: Profound regression of corneal inflammation and rapid closure of epithelial defects were observed clinically within 2 days in the amniotic membrane-covered eyes, whereas HSV-1 keratitis and ulceration progressed in all mice in the control group (P < 0.001). Histologically, corneal edema and inflammatory infiltration, and immunohistochemically the number of CD3(+), CD11b(+), and F4/80(+) cells in the cornea were markedly decreased at 2 and 7 days after amniotic membrane application, compared with the uncovered control corneas (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: AMT promotes rapid epithelialization and reduces stromal inflammation and ulceration in HSV-1 keratitis. AMT in mice with HSV necrotizing stromal keratitis appears to be a useful model for investigating the effect and the action mechanism of human amniotic membrane.