99Tcm-MDP骨显像对SAPHO综合征的诊断价值

目的 探讨骨显像在滑膜炎、痤疮、脓疱病、骨肥厚、骨炎(SAPHO)综合征诊断中的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析8例SAPHO综合征的临床表现及99Tcm-MDP骨显像结果.结果 8例SAPHO综合征患者骨显像均阳性,前上胸壁异常放射性浓聚灶7例,单侧骶髂关节受累3例,颈、胸、腰椎体受累2例,肱骨及手足小关节受累1例,且发现了4处无症状的病灶.结论 骨显像的部分特征性表现有助于早期诊断及发现全身没有症状的病灶.     

^99Tc^m—MDP骨显像对SAPHO综合征的诊断价值

目的 探讨骨显像在滑膜炎、痤疮、脓疱病、骨肥厚、骨炎（SAPHO）综合征诊断中的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析8例SAPHO综合征的临床表现及99Tcm-MDP骨显像结果.结果 8例SAPHO综合征患者骨显像均阳性,前上胸壁异常放射性浓聚灶7例,单侧骶髂关节受累3例,颈、胸、腰椎体受累2例,肱骨及手足小关节受累1例,且发现了4处无症状的病灶.结论 骨显像的部分特征性表现有助于早期诊断及发现全身没有症状的病灶.     

Differential diagnosis of trampoline fracture from osteomyelitis by bone scan with pinhole collimator

A 2-year-old girl with recent history of trampoline fall presented to the A&E Department for complete functional impairment of the left lower extremity and fever. Blood examination revealed an inflammatory syndrome, while plain radiographs were normal. As magnetic resonance imaging was unavailable, a bone scintigraphy was performed. While standard acquisition found an intense uptake focused on the left proximal tibial metaphysis whose appearance was suggestive of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, complementary acquisition with the pinhole collimator demonstrated that this abnormal uptake was clearly distinct from the cartilage growth plate. One month follow-up radiographs showed a fracture that confirmed the diagnosis of trampoline fracture.     

A comparison between the diagnostic efficacy of 99mTc-MDP, 99mTc-DPD and 99mTc-HDP for the detection of bone metastases

We have investigated the clinical efficacy for the detection of bone metastases of two recently marketed bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals, HDP and DPD, compared with traditionally used MDP. Twenty patients received 15 mCi 99mTc-MDP; after assessment ten of these patients later received 15 mCi 99mTc-DPD and ten other patients of this group were injected with 15 mCi 99mTc-HDP. Scintigraphy took place 3 h after tracer injection. Quantitative analysis included the calculation of normal bone to soft tissue ratios, lesion to soft tissue ratios and lesion to normal bone ratios for all three radiopharmaceuticals. Visual inspection of the scintiphotos revealed the same number of bone lesions at the same localisations. Statistical evaluation of our quantitative data showed that the lesion to normal bone ratio was significantly higher for MDP than for DPD. No further significant differences in the uptake in normal bone or in the metastatic lesions were found between all three radiopharmaceuticals. It is concluded that the new bone-seeking agents DPD and HDP do not possess clinical advantages over MDP for the detection of skeletal metastases.     

99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像诊断骨恶性纤维组织细胞瘤的价值

目的 分析骨恶性纤维组织细胞瘤(BMFH)99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像的影像特点,评价其对BMFH的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的BMFH患者15例[男11例,女4例,年龄23～60(50.4±12.8)岁].所有患者术前均行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像及X线检查,其中12例行CT检查,7例行MRI检查.以骨骼出现放射性异常浓聚灶或稀疏、缺损区为阳性.总结BMFH全身骨显像特点,并将显像结果与其他影像学结果进行比较.结果 15例BMFH患者全身骨显像结果均阳性,股骨阳性占66.7％(10/15),其中股骨下段占46.7％(7/15),骶骨、胫骨、肱骨、桡骨各占6.7％(1/15),多骨多发病灶占6.7％(1/15);15例患者共发现病灶27处,其中63.0％ (17/27)表现为放射性浓聚伴稀疏、缺损区,37.0％(10/27)仅见放射性浓聚.15例患者X线检查发现病灶20处;12例行CT检查,7例行MRI检查,CT及MRI所示异常部位在全身骨显像中均呈阳性.结论 99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像示:BMFH好发于股骨,以股骨下段多见,病灶呈异常放射性浓聚,其内或伴有放射性分布稀疏、缺损区;该方法可作为BMFH的辅助诊断检查,有助于了解有无多骨病变及有无转移.     

Three-phase radionuclide bone imaging and magnetic resonance imaging detection of occult knee fractures in athletes

Twelve athletes presenting acute knee injury with normal radiological findings underwent both three-phase radionuclide bone imaging (TPBI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The association of these highly sensitive diagnostic procedures detected occult fractures in all patients. The areas of signal intensity alterations on MRI corresponded to those of increased radionuclide uptake in blood pool images. However, the same areas seemed to be more extended on delayed TPB images. TPBI yielded early diagnostic information about lesion sites and functional activities, while MRI provided better anatomical definition and specific information about associated soft tissue lesions and served to establish the correct therapeutic approach and follow-up. Correspondence to: I. Baschieri     

99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT骨显像在绝经后女性骨质疏松性胸腰椎椎体骨折中的增益价值

目的研究99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT骨显像及其半定量分析指标在绝经后女性骨质疏松性胸腰椎椎体骨折中的增益价值。 方法回顾性分析2012年11月至2016年10月因轻微外伤或日常活动导致胸腰背部疼痛而就诊,最终诊断为骨质疏松性胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折的绝经后女性患者81例。选取SPECT/CT矢状位融合断层图像,利用ROI技术重复勾画病灶椎体（T）及与其相邻的正常椎体（NT）,并计算病灶椎体与正常椎体的放射性计数比值,即T/NT值。将所收集病例根据椎体是否在99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT骨显像后进行手术分成两组,一组为手术组,包括行经皮穿刺椎体成形术及椎体球囊后凸成形术的患者,另一组为非手术组。对两组T/NT值采用两独立样本t检验进行统计学分析。 结果（1）手术组共计110个椎体,T/NT值为2.44±0.84;非手术组共计70个椎体,T/NT值为1.04±0.14,两组T/NT值的差异有统计学意义（t=13.654,P < 0.05）。（2）发现椎体以外骨折,包括肋骨骨折29例、椎体附件骨折2例、骶骨骨折2例、耻骨骨折1例。 结论99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT骨显像及其半定量分析指标在指导绝经后女性骨质疏松性胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折临床治疗方案的选择和其他部位是否有骨折的诊断中具有一定的参考价值。     

18F-FDG符合线路显像诊断骨转移瘤的价值及与99Tcm-MDP骨显像的比较

目的 评价^18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)符合线路显像在骨转移瘤诊断中的价值，并与^99Tc^m-亚甲基二膦酸盐(MDP)骨显像进行比较。方法因怀疑恶性肿瘤或骨转移而行^18F-FDG符合线路显像者55例，41例于^18F-FDG检查前后4周内进行了^99Tc^m-MDP全身骨显像。其中30例骨转移瘤患者，15例无骨转移瘤，10例^18F-FDG显像示可疑肿瘤直接骨侵犯(单独进行分析)。结果 ^18F-FDG符合线路显像和骨显像对骨转移瘤的灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、诊断准确性分别为100％，93％，97％，100％，98％和95％，50％，75％，86％，77％，前者特异性、阳性预测值、诊断准确性显著高于骨显像(P=0．024，0．035，0．007)；^18F-FDG显像发现30例骨转移瘤患者中的20例有骨外原发或转移肿瘤。10例^18F-FDG显像示可疑肿瘤直接骨侵犯患者中，4例被证实有骨受累，6例无骨受累，而骨显像对骨受累情况均作出了正确判断。结论 ^18F-FDG符合线路显像对骨转移瘤的诊断有较高的灵敏度和特异性，并能发现骨外原发或转移性肿瘤；^99Tc^m-MDP骨显像对骨转移瘤也有较高的灵敏度，但特异性较差。     

18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖PET-CT与99mc-亚甲基二膦酸盐骨显像诊断转移性骨肿瘤的对比研究

目的 探讨18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)PET-CT与唧99mTc-亚甲基二膦酸盐(99mTc-MDP)全身骨显像对转移性骨肿瘤的诊断价值.方法 93例经病理证实为恶性肿瘤的患者同时接受18F-FDG PET-CT和99mTc-MDP全身骨显像(时间间隔在1周之内),对比分析两种显像结果,骨转移的诊断通过随访2年,由病理、X射线片、CT或MRI检查结果综合决定.结果 93例恶性肿瘤患者中,经过2年随访或病理证实骨转移44例,其中18F-FDG PET-CT灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为95.4%、91.8%和93.5%,99mTc-MDP全身骨显像分别为90.9%、63.3%和76.3%.18F-FDG PET-CT对转移性骨肿瘤诊断的灵敏度与99mTc-MDP全身骨显像相近,但特异度(t=2.53,P＜0.05)和准确率t=2.47,P＜0.05)均明显高于99mTc-MDP全身骨显像.结论 PET-CT对转移性骨肿瘤有较高的诊断价值.     

A vast increase in the use of CT scans for investigating occult hip fractures

Background

Early diagnosis in neck of femur fractures has been shown to improve outcome. The National Institute for Clinical Excellence recommends if an occult hip fracture is suspected then an MRI should be performed and if not available within 24 h a CT should be considered. At our centre, emergency MRI is rarely available and so CT is commonly used.

Objectives

Our study aims to analyse the trends in CT use over a five year period for the diagnosis of neck of femur fractures.

Methods

Both the number of patients with a hip fracture and those undergoing a CT hip to diagnose an occult injury were identified across two district general hospitals between 2006–2007 and 2010–2011. The time from initial radiograph to CT and initial radiograph to operation were calculated.

Results

In 2006–2007, of 547 hip fractures, 20 CT hips were performed and 6 reported as a fractured neck of femur (30%). In 2010–2011, of 499 hip fractures, 239 CT hips were performed and 65 fractures were recognised (27%). The mean time from radiograph until CT scan was 2.0 days in 2007 and 3.2 days in 2011, which was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). For those diagnosed using a CT scan the mean time from admission X-ray to surgery was 1.2 days in 2007 and 3.6 days in 2011.

Conclusion

Clinicians are becoming increasingly reliant on CT for the diagnosis of hip fractures with our data suggesting further imaging is one factor that can delay time to diagnosis and theatre.     

多层螺旋CT诊断肋骨和肋软骨隐匿骨折的价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)在肋骨和肋软骨隐匿骨折诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析10例肋骨和3例肋软骨隐匿骨折患者MSCT,及工作站上进行后处理的图像资料,观察骨折的部位、数目及类型。结果所有受检者均获得较满意的重组图像,多层螺旋CT共发现肋软骨骨折5处,肋骨骨折13处。表现为肋骨或肋软骨连续性中断伴断端移位或断端无移位。结论 MSCT轴位薄层结合后处理图像能明确诊断肋骨和肋软骨隐匿骨折,可望成为检测的最佳影像学方法,在拟诊隐匿骨折中应常规实施。     

Interpretation and classification of bone scintigraphic findings in stress fractures

A new system for classification of stress fractures identified by bone scintigraphy was developed and divided into four grades according to lesion dimension, bone extension, and tracer accumulation. The scintigraphic findings were evaluated for severity of lesions by extent of the visualized bone response, ranging from ill-defined cortical lesions with slightly increased activity (I) to well-defined intramedullary transcortical lesions with intensely increased activity (IV). Bone scintigraphies using [99mTc]MDP were obtained in 310 military recruits suspected of having stress fractures. In 235 patients, 391 stress fractures were diagnosed. Forty percent of the lesions were asymptomatic. Most of the lesions were in the tibiae (72%), and 87% of the patients had one or two lesions, while 13% had three to five lesions. Eighty-five percent of the lesions were classified as mild and showed early and more complete resolution on follow-up studies after treatment as compared to the severe grades. Furthermore, specific scintigraphic patterns have been introduced for distinguishing inflammatory shin-splints from stress fractures, allowing for their appropriate early treatment. Thus, early recognition of mild stress fracture scintigraphic patterns representing the beginning of pathologic bone response to stress enabled a prompt and effective treatment to prevent progression of lesions, protracted disability, and complications.     

Inter- and intra-observer variation in classification systems for impending fractures of bone metastases

Background  

The study was designed to assess the reproducibility and reliability of Mirels' scoring system and the conventional scoring system for impending pathological fractures. The results of both classification systems influence the choice of therapeutic procedures offered to these patients.