红外耳温计与玻璃体温计测量中的差异比较与研究

目的 探讨红外耳温计与玻璃体温计在测量中的差异,研究耳温和腋温之间的关系.方法 把110例病人,分为普通组30例,发热组80例,分别比较普通组、发热组耳温和腋温之间的差异.结果 红外耳温计能反映正常体温变化,左右耳的平均温度误差较小,发热组病人的耳温和腋温的差异有高度显著性.结论 红外耳式体温计测温快速、安全、测量准确、使用简单方便.     

红外耳式体温计与玻璃体温计用于产妇测温的比较

目的探讨红外耳式体温计与玻璃体温计在体温测量中的差异,研究耳温、腋温和口温之间的关系。方珐随机抽取产科130例患者．其中体温正常者90例、发热者40例,采用自身对照的方法比较耳温、腋温和口温之间的差异。结果红外耳式体温计能反映正常体温变化,左、右耳的温度误差较小;发热组患者左、右耳温度无差异,但耳温、腋温和口温的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论红外耳式体温计测温快速、安全,测量准确,使用简单方便,值得推广应用。     

新型红外耳温计的临床应用价值

目的比较新型红外耳温计测量耳温值与水银柱式体温计测量腋温值的差异,探讨新型红外耳温计的临床应用价值。方法随机抽取在本院急诊就诊患者221例,对同一测试者先后采用水银柱式体温计测量腋温及新型红外耳温计测量耳温,比较2种测温方法测得体温值的差异,根据腋温分为正常体温组与发热组分别比较。结果新型红外耳温计所测耳温高于水银柱式体温计所测腋温,2者在体温正常组及发热组均无有统计学差异(P0.05),红外耳温计所测耳温符合人体核心温度的实际情况。结论红外耳温计相对安全、方便、快捷,准确性好,在急诊患者中可以替代传统水银柱式体温计。     

红外耳温仪在重症患者的适用性探讨

【摘要】 目的：观察红外耳温仪测量耳温在重症患者中应用的准确性,以探讨其在ICU中的适用价值。 方法：对1000例次ICU重症患者采用红外耳温仪测量耳温,同时用水银体温计测量腋温和肛温,以肛温为标准分为2组：普通组817例,发热组183例,分别记录测量结果及不良事件。结果：普通组耳温平均值为（37.0±0.12）℃,腋温平均值为（36.8±0.13）℃;发热组耳温平均值为（38.1±0.53）℃,腋温平均值为（37.8±0.75）℃,2组和肛温进行比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05)。 结论：红外耳温仪与水银体温计同样准确和稳定,耳温测量在重症患者临床护理工作中更具有方便性,可以在ICU重症患者中推广应用。     

红外耳温计在急诊预检中的应用分析

目的研究红外耳温计测量的有效性及耳温正常范围,选择适宜的测量方法,为医生的临床诊断提供确切的依据。方法选取就诊患者300例,分为非发热组与发热组,其中非发热组患者140例,发热组患者160例,两组均分为≤7岁亚组(年龄3月-7岁)和7岁亚组。对≤7岁亚组分别采用红外耳温计、玻璃式水银体温计(肛表)测量耳温、肛温,对7岁亚组分别采用红外耳温计、玻璃式水银体温计(口表)测量耳温、口温,比较各种温度计测得的数值差异情况。结果≤7岁亚组测得耳温与肛温数值比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01),说明耳温与肛温两种温度计测量效果不同,7岁亚组测量耳温数据与口温数值比较差异无统计学意义,说明耳温与口温两种体温计测量效果相同(P0.05)。结论使用红外耳温计测量耳温与玻璃式水银体温计测量体温同样有效,说明红外耳温计可反映患者的真实体温,值得应用于急诊预检。     

红外线快速耳温计在精神科临床应用准确性探讨

目的探讨红外线快速耳温计测得的耳温与水银体温计测得腋温的一致性,为临床实践提供科学依据。方法夏、冬两季随机抽取982例次患者,夏季450例次,冬季532例次。其中发热患者190例次作为发热组,正常体温患者792例次作为正常组。发热组夏季发热患者82例次,冬季发热患者108例次。对正常组患者于14：00同时用2种测温计为患者测温,对发热组患者分别于6：00、14：00、22：00采用2种测温计进行测温,并对夏冬两季所测体温值进行比较。结果夏冬两季对正常体温组患者采用红外线快速耳温计测得的耳温比同时用水银体温计所测的腋温略高,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;夏冬两季早中晚不同时间段对发热组患者采用红外线快速耳温计测得的耳温比同时用水银体温计所测的腋温也略高,但差异也无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论红外耳温计与水银体温计测量体温同样准确和稳定。精神科临床使用红外线快速耳温计测温数据准确可靠,方便、快捷、安全,值得推广。     

红外耳式体温计与水银柱式体温计用于恶性肿瘤患者测温的对比分析

目的 比较红外耳式体温计与水银柱式体温计测量恶性肿瘤患者体温的效果和效率.方法 随机抽取120例恶性肿瘤患者,其中体温正常者84例;发热者36例;对同一测试者先后采用红外耳式体温计测量鼓膜温度及水银柱式体温计测量口腔温度,比较两种测温方法测得体温值的差异和测温耗时.结果 无论是体温正常组还是发热组,采用红外耳式体温计测...     

不同方法测量患儿体温的比较

目的探讨在临床上应用红外鼓膜体温计（简称耳温计）测量体温的可行性。方法按便利抽样法抽取2008年9月至2009年5月某院儿科住院患儿860例,用耳温计测量患儿耳温,同时用水银体温计测量患儿腋温、肛温。采用自身对照的方法比较3种方法测量体温的数值及测量时间的差异,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果通过对患儿的耳温和腋温、肛温的随机区组间的方差分析比较,发现3种方法所测温度的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。进一步比较发现,耳温与肛温之间的差异无统计学意义（t1=-0.138,P〉0.05）,但耳温与腋温、腋温与肛温之间的差异均有统计学意义（t2=-0.0360,t3=-0.0498,均P〈0.05）。测量腋温、耳温、肛温所耗时间分别为10min、3s、3min。结论耳温计可以代替水银体温计测量体温,且更省时、更安全。     

红外耳温计的临床应用观察

为了解红外耳温计的临床应用情况，随机抽取普通组、100例（口温37 .5℃以下），观察口温、腋温及耳温变化；再随机抽取发热组50例（口温37.5℃以上），对其早，中，晚耳温，口温进行比较。结果：普通组耳温平均值均高于口温和腋温，符合体核温度高于体表温度的理论；发热组早，中，晚耳温均高于口温，但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。提示：耳温能进一步反映体核温度，测温时间短，特别适用于不合作，昏迷，躁动及ICU术后病人。     

红外耳温计在新生儿体温测量中的应用

在观察生命体征的过程中,测量体温必不可少,它是我们掌握病情的重要护理操作技术之一,准确的测量数据可为疾病的预防、诊断、治疗和护理提供依据.鉴于新生儿特殊的生理习性,体温测量方法的选择应以准确、安全和方便为原则.本科室一直以来都是采用水银体温计测量颌下颈温的方法来测量母婴同室新生儿的体温.本研究通过红外耳温计测量耳温和传统的水银体温计测量颌下颈温,探讨红外耳温计测量新生儿耳温的应用价值.报告如下.     

Comparison of three different thermometers in evaluating the body temperature of healthy young adult individuals

The aim of this study was to compare the measurement values obtained with a non‐contact infrared thermometer, a tympanic thermometer and a chemical dot thermometer. The research population was composed of students studying in two departments of a university in Ankara. A total of 452 students who fit the inclusion criteria of the study and volunteered to participate were included in the sample. Body temperature measurements with different thermometers were performed by the same researcher at the same room temperature. Data were analyzed in a computerized environment by SPSS 15.0 statistical program pack and Bland–Altman graph. Mean age of healthy young adults participating in the study was 19.66 ± 0.94, and 55.1% of them were female. The agreement limits for non‐contact infrared and chemical dot was between ?1.30 and 0.32°C; for non‐contact infrared and tympanic was between ?1.26 and 0.13°C; and for chemical dot and tympanic ?0.89 and 0.74°C. It was determined that, although the measurement values of the tympanic membrane and chemical dot thermometers conformed with each other, the conformity of the non‐contact infrared thermometer was weak.     

Comparison of the oral thermometer versus the tympanic thermometer.

After the use of tympanic thermometers replaced the use of oral thermometers at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Memphis, the nursing staff initiated a comparison study of the two instruments, monitoring 160 temperature readings. Current studies demonstrate that tympanic thermometers give presumably higher temperature readings than do oral thermometers. The study question asked was: Is there a clinically statistical difference between the measures of the two instruments? A statistically significant difference was found between the readings of the two instruments. Despite published results that infrared thermometers provide readings closer to core temperature than oral thermometers, the oral thermometer registered higher in 69% of the subjects. It may be premature to conclude that the oral thermometer is not as accurate as the tympanic thermometer. Removal of this proven oral system may need to be evaluated, and further comparison studies should be conducted before the tympanic thermometer is unconditionally embraced as the more accurate of the two.     

红外耳温仪在肿瘤病区的应用探讨

目的探讨红外耳温仪测温方法在肿瘤化疗病区应用的可行性和优点。方法随机选择肿瘤化疗病区200例住院患者分别进行耳温(左耳和右耳)与口温、腋温及肛温的测量,并进行测量结果的比对。结果红外耳温仪所测得的耳温比同时、同一患者用水银体温计测得的肛温略低,比口温稍高,两者差异无统计学意义;耳温明显高于腋温,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);左、右耳温度差异无统计学意义。结论红外线耳温仪和水银体温计测温一样准确、稳定,但红外线耳温仪还具备操作简单、使用安全、省时省力的优点,值得在临床推广应用。     

2种体温监测方法的比较研究

目的 比较水银体温计和红外体温计测温结果 之间的差异.方法 选取需体温监测的ICU住院患者98例,对同一研究对象同时用水银体温计测量腋窝温度和用红外体温计(根据使用说明,校正后额部或耳垂后温度相当于腋窝温度)测量额部温度和耳垂后温度,记录3个部位所测温度值.结果 对参与研究的全部98例患者总体来说,3个部位体温测量值比较差异显著,比较3个部位体温均值,差值在0.2～0.5 ℃,可以认为腋温＞耳温＞额温;对于17例水银体温计测温在38.0～38.9 ℃的患者,3个部位体温值比较无显著差异,比较3个部位体温均值,差值在0.5～1.1 ℃,从临床角度考虑,3个部位体温差别有临床意义,可以认为腋温＞耳温＞额温;对于30例水银体温计测温在37.0～37.9℃的患者3个部位体温值比较有显著差异,比较3个部位体温均值,差值在0.2～0.7 ℃,可以认为腋温＞耳温＞额温;对于51例水银体温计测温在35.0～36.9 ℃的患者,3个部位体温值比较无显著差异,比较3个部位体温均值,差值为0℃,可以认为2种方法 所测3个部位体温比较无显著差异.结论 水银体温计测量腋窝温度在正常范围(35.0～36.9 ℃)的患者,可使用红外体温计替代水银体温计测温.水银体温计测量腋窝温度37.0℃以上的患者,尚不能使用红外体温计替代水银体温计测温.     

NexTemp thermometer can be used interchangeably with tympanic or mercury thermometers for emergency department use

Objectives To determine the agreement between the chemical dot NexTemp thermometer with mercury and tympanic thermometers and the repeatability of measurements using these devices. Methods A prospective study involving a convenience sample of 194 consenting adult patients presenting to the ED, Freemasons Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. A survey of emergency medical staff was conducted to determine what they considered an acceptable level of agreement and repeatability for a putative new thermometer. The NexTemp thermometer’s performance was judged against this. For each thermometer, a set of two temperature measurements was made in every patient. The sequence of the set of readings (and hence device) was random between patients and the staff member performing one set was blinded to the results of the other two sets of readings in each patient. The method of Bland and Altman was used for assessing agreement and repeatability. Results Clinicians considered that a new thermometer should exhibit repeatability of ±0.3°C and agree with existing devices within ±0.5°C. The tympanic thermometer had 95% limits of repeatability of ?0.8–0.5°C compared with the NexTemp (?0.3–0.4°C) and mercury thermometers (?0.3–0.4°C). The NexTemp thermometer agreed with mercury thermometer within ?0.6–0.5°C. The tympanic thermometer agreed with the mercury thermometer within ?1.0–1.1°C. Conclusion Based on temperature measurement only, the NexTemp thermometer can be used interchangeably with current mercury and tympanic thermometers.     

The Accuracy of Oral Predictive and Infrared Emission Detection Tympanic Thermometers in an Emergency Department Setting

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of an oral predictive thermometer and an infrared emission detection (IRED) tympanic thermometer in detecting fever in an adult emergency department (ED) population, using an oral glass mercury thermometer as the criterion standard. METHODS: This was a single-center, nonrandomized trial performed in the ED of a metropolitan tertiary referral hospital with a convenience sample of 500 subjects. The temperature of each subject was taken by an oral predictive thermometer, an IRED tympanic thermometer set to "oral" equivalent, and an oral glass mercury thermometer (used as the criterion standard). A fever was defined as a temperature of 37.8 degrees C or higher. The subject's age, sex, triage category, and diagnostic group were also recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, positive and negative predictive values, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of fever. RESULTS: The sensitivities and specificities for detection of fever of the predictive and the IRED tympanic thermometers were similar (sensitivity 85.7%/88.1% and specificity 98.7%/95.8%, respectively). The predictive thermometer had a better positive predictive value (85.7%) compared with the IRED tympanic thermometer (66.1%). The positive and negative likelihood ratios for the predictive oral thermometer were 65 and 0.14, respectively, and for the IRED tympanic thermometer 21 and 0.12, respectively, indicating that the predictive thermometer will "miss" 1 in about 7 fevers and the IRED tympanic thermometer will "miss" 1 in about 8 fevers. CONCLUSIONS: Although quick and convenient, oral predictive and IRED tympanic thermometers give readings that cannot always be relied on in the detection of fever. If we are to continue using electronic thermometers in the ED setting, we need to recognize their limitations and maintain the importance of our clinical judgment.     

Cerumen Occlusion Lowers Infrared Tympanic Membrane Temperature Measurement

Objective: To examine the effect that cerumen occlusion of the ear canal has on infrared tympanic membrane temperature measurement.
Methods: A prospective, randomized, single-blind human study was carried out in a university hospital observation unit. The subjects were a convenience sample of human volunteers aged 18 years or older who did not have cerumen occlusion or scarred tympanic membranes. A paraffin-coated human cerumen plug was placed in one randomly chosen ear, and after 20 minutes of equilibration the temperature in each ear was measured with an infrared thermometer. Analysis of the difference in mean temperature between the occluded and nonoccluded ears was by Student's paired t-test.
Results: Infrared tympanic membrane temperatures were measured in 43 subjects aged 21 to 58 years. The mean temperature of the occluded ear canal was 0.3°C lower than that of the opposite ear canal (p = 0.0001, 95% CI 0.16–0.45°C).
Conclusion: Cerumen occlusion of the ear canal causes underestimation of body temperature measured by infrared tympanic membrane thermometry.     

神经内科住院患者体温测量方法的探讨

目的探讨使用红外线耳温计测量神经内科住院患者体温的可行性。方法测量2009年9—12月神经内科316例住院患者的耳温、口温、腋温,对比同组患者左右耳的温度,比较耳温与口温、腋温的差异。结果患者左右两耳温度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),患者耳温、口温和腋温3者之间差异有统计学意义,同时任何两组之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论红外线耳温测量仪可以应用于神经内科住院患者测量体温,能较好反映患者体核温度,且操作简单方便,值得临床推广应用。