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1.
[目的]了解山东省HFRS的流行规律,更好地制订防制措施,进一步降低发病率。[方法]采用流行病学、统计学和血清学检测等方法,分析2009年全省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)人间疫情和鼠间感染情况。[结果]2009年全省共发病942例,死亡16例,与上年同期相比分别下降了18.37%和31.82%,全省疫情呈下降趋势。宿主动物以褐家鼠和小家鼠为优势种,全省鼠平均带病毒率为2.46%。[结论]山东省HFRS发病主要以鲁中南山区为主,褐家鼠和小家鼠为主要宿主,要加强针对性监测和灭鼠,同时做好HFRS疫苗接种工作。  相似文献   

2.
[目的]了解章丘市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的发病特点,为今后的防治提供依据.[方法]对2005~2006年章丘市HFRS疫情资料、病人血清学检测结果及宿主动物监测资料进行分析.[结果]2005~2006年累计报告HFRS 病例53例,发病率2.65/10万.其中,死亡2例,病死率3.77%.1~3月和10~11月为发病高峰,共发病36例,占67.90%.发病集中于丘陵地区,共发病40例,占75.47%.以农民为主,共发病45例,占84.90%.分别采集病人急性期、恢复期血清46份,阳性率分别为78.26%和67.39%.野外、室内鼠密度分别为1.89%和1.95%,优势鼠种为褐家鼠.带毒鼠为褐家鼠,全部来自室内,带毒率为1.18%.[结论]章丘市HFRS发病率逐年下降.  相似文献   

3.
何似  福州  )  陈阳  福州  )  林文  福州  )  王家熊  福州  )  李述杨  福州  )  邓艳琴  福州  ) 《海峡预防医学杂志》2012,18(3):26-27
目的掌握我省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情动态,为防治提供依据。方法对全省疫情报告进行统计分析。采用笼夜法捕鼠,计算鼠密度及鼠种构成,应用免疫荧光法对鼠肺进行HFRS病毒抗原检测。结果 2010年全省共报告HFRS病例171例,死亡1例。病例分布于58个县、市(区),发病率居前3的是南平、宁德和福州市;宿主动物监测,室内平均鼠密度5.6%,褐家鼠占48.0%(178/371),鼠携带HFRS病毒率为5.8%。混合型疫区周宁县野外鼠密度4.8%,黑线姬鼠占17.2%,黑线姬鼠和针毛鼠携带HFRS病毒率17.2%(5/29)。首次从华安褐家鼠中检出HFRS病毒抗原。调查证实HFRS的主要传染源仍为褐家鼠。结论 2010年福建省HFRS发病数较2009年下降了14.8%,但福州、漳州及泉州社区市疫情呈上升趋势,地区分布呈高度散发。HFRS的主要宿主动物及传染源仍以褐家鼠为主,周宁县野外鼠带毒率高,须进一步加强闽北地区混合型疫区野外鼠HFRS的监测,严防疾病暴发流行。  相似文献   

4.
2008年安义县肾综合征出血热监测结果分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
[目的]了解肾综合征出血热(HFRS)在安义县的流行特征,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。[方法]对安义县2008年HFRS疫情资料,监测点宿主动物监测资料进行分析。[结果]2008年全县共报告HFRS8例,年发病率2.98/10万,无死亡病例。病人以青壮年农民为主。捕获鼠类8种245只,其中居民区鼠密度为8.53%,野外鼠密度为7.04%,均未检出带毒鼠,居民区以小家鼠、褐家鼠为优势鼠种,野外鼠以黑线姬鼠、黄毛鼠为优势鼠种。鼠血总抗体阳性率为13.88%。[结论]安义县HFRS发病率下降较快,散发相对集中。但鼠密度上升较大,应继续加强监测,抓好防鼠灭鼠工作。  相似文献   

5.
2003年山东省肾综合征出血热资料分析   总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7  
[目的 ]了解 2 0 0 3年山东省肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)的流行规律 ,更好地制订防制措施。 [方法 ]分析 2 0 0 3年山东省HFRS人间疫情和鼠间感染资料。 [结果 ] 2 0 0 3年全省发病 3 60 3例 ,发病率为 3 99/ 10万 ;死亡 16例 ,病死率为0 44 % ;发病率居前 6位的是日照、淄博、滨州、潍坊、临沂和莱芜市 ;15~ 5 5岁组发病与死亡人数分别占总数的 85 48%和 75 0 0 % ,农民发病数占 79 13 % ;发病的季节分布不明显。宿主动物以褐家鼠为优势种 ,鼠平均带病毒率为 5 11%。[结论 ]山东省 2 0 0 3年HFRS处于流行低潮期 ,流行的重点地区、重点人群与主要宿主动物没有改变  相似文献   

6.
[目的]了解2003年山东省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行规律,更好地制订防制措施。[方法]分析2003年山东省HFRS人间疫情和鼠间感染资料。[结果]2003年全省发病3603例,发病率为3.99/10万;死亡16例,病死率为0.44%;发病率居前6位的是日照、淄博、滨州、潍坊、临沂和莱芜市;15~55岁组发病与死亡人数分别占总数的85.48%和75.00%.农民发病数占79.13%;发病的季节分布不明显。宿主动物以褐家鼠为优势种,鼠平均带病毒率为5.11%。[结论]山东省2003年HFRS处于流行低潮期,流行的重点地区、重点人群与主要宿主动物没有改变。  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨淄博市肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)流行特征,为防控工作提供科学依据。方法 收集全市出血热疫情和宿主动物监测资料,用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2006—2019年全市报告肾综合征出血热1 157例,死亡10例,平均发病率为1.83/10万,病死率0.86%。沂源县、淄川区和博山区报告病例数占全市72.77%,60岁以上年龄组构成比22.64%。每年有春季和秋冬季两个发病高峰。全市平均鼠密度为2.84%,居民区和野外分别以褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠为优势鼠种。褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠带毒率分别为6.00%和4.17%,差异无统计学意义(χ2 = 0.947,P = 0.331)。褐家鼠携带的病毒为汉城型汉坦病毒(seoul virus,SEOV),黑线姬鼠携带的病毒为汉滩型汉坦病毒(hantaan virus,HTNV)。结论 淄博市HFRS发病呈现波动式下降趋势,发病年龄有老龄化倾向。鼠密度和鼠带病毒率仍高于周边地市,疫情形势依然严峻,应持续在高发区县加强疫情和宿主动物监测,在重点地区开展出血热疫苗接种和健康教育。  相似文献   

8.
目的 掌握晋江市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情动态,为防制提供科学依据。方法 开展宿主动物监测,用免疫荧光法对样本进行病毒抗原检测,用描述性流行病学方法分析疫情。结果 2011—2012年全江市共报告40例HFRS,年均发病率1.00/10万。病例分布在12个镇/街道,以陈埭镇和龙湖镇(沿海和城乡结合部)为多,均为散发;以青壮年为主(20~49岁占72.5%),农民、工人及农民工居多(60.0%)。宿主动物监测:室内平均鼠密度7.7%(341/4064),褐家鼠为优势鼠种(52.9%);鼠带毒率2.9%(6/210),均为Ⅱ型病毒。结论 晋江市HFRS疫情呈上升趋势,防控形势严峻,应坚持采取防鼠灭鼠、健康教育等综合措施控制疫情。  相似文献   

9.
目的分析承德市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情发生和动物宿主分布关系,提出防控策略。方法用夹夜法开展HFRS宿主动物监测,用Excel和EpiInfo等统计软件分析疫情资料。结果承德市自1984年出现HFRS病例后,根据疫情情况开展病例血清学核实和宿主动物监测工作,捕获鼠种包括北社鼠、黑线姬鼠、大林姬鼠、棕背鼠平、褐家鼠、大仓鼠、达乌尔黄鼠、黑线仓鼠等多种小兽,捕获的带病毒鼠种主要有褐家鼠、黑线姬鼠、北社鼠、大林姬鼠。其中大林姬鼠是2004年秋季在平泉县首次发现的带病毒鼠种,北社鼠为2005年首次在承德避暑山庄内发现的带病毒鼠种。鼠带病毒率最高年度为2002年(8.40%),2005年以后未发现带病毒鼠。结论承德市仍以家鼠型HFRS为主,加强辖区内的监测、免疫和灭鼠工作,对重点人群采用不同的防治方法,是控制疫情的有效措施。  相似文献   

10.
[目的]了解肾综合征出血热(HFRS)发病规律,指导防治工作开展。[方法]对招远市1986~2005年HFRS疫情与监测资料进行分析。[结果]1986~2005年合计发生HFRS病人440例,死亡31例。年均发病率3.86/10万,男性为5.78/io万,女性为1.92/10万(P〈0.01);25~65岁发病率最高;病人中,农民、民工占80.86%;10月至次年1月发病数占总数的60.68%,3~6月发病数占总数的23.41%。平均鼠密度为3.14%,室内主要鼠种为小家鼠、褐家鼠,野外优势鼠种为大仓鼠、黑线姬鼠和小仓鼠;鼠带毒率为4.39%。[结论]招远市近年来HFRS疫情呈下降趋势,但发病率仍较高。  相似文献   

11.
12.
Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.  相似文献   

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15.
Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.  相似文献   

16.
目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。  相似文献   

17.
Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.  相似文献   

18.
This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.  相似文献   

19.
恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。  相似文献   

20.
目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12%和23.64%.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00%、23.53%、36.00%、5.26%和27.03%,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P<0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P<0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P>0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.  相似文献   

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