非体外循环下双向格林分流术的临床应用

目的 评价非体外循环双向格林分流术的手术效果.方法 2007年3月-2010年11月,复杂先天性心脏病患儿25例接受非体外循环下双向格林分流术.分析术前、术后的经皮血氧饱和度、McGoon比率、Nakata指数.结果 术后7d血氧饱和度和平均肺动脉压力较术前有所升高(P＜0.05).术后14个月McGoon比率、Nakata指数较术前有所升高(P＜0.05).全组无死亡病例,所有患儿顺利出院.结论 非体外循环下双向格林分流术是治疗复杂的难以一期根治的先天性心脏病安全可靠的术式,手术效果明确.     

非体外循环下双向格林术19例

目的 :总结常温非体外循环下双向格林分流术 (Glenn术 )治疗复杂先天性心脏病的体会。方法 :1999年 7月至 2 0 0 3年8月 ,对复杂性先天性心脏病患者 19例行双向Glenn术。其中 17例建立上腔静脉 -右心房旁路行单侧双向Glenn术 ,2例利用双上腔静脉互为旁路行双侧双向Glenn术。结果 :全组无住院死亡 ,术后并发乳糜胸 1例 ,远期无肺动、静脉瘘发生 ,动脉血氧饱和度从术前 ( 78± 11) %上升至术后 ( 92± 6) % ,活动耐力显著增加。结论 :对于难以解剖根治或一期生理矫治的肺血少型复杂先天性心脏病 ,非体外循环下行Glenn术是一种安全、可靠的手术方法。在吻合口前壁用自体心包片加宽 ,可获得良好的吻合口通畅效果     

非体外循环下双向格林手术的临床应用

目的总结分析非体外循环下双向格林手术的临床经验。方法2001年1月-2007年12月,本院应用非体外循环下双向格林手术治疗复杂先天性心脏病22例,其中16例建立上腔静脉右心房旁路行单侧双向格林术,6例利用双上腔静脉互为旁路行双侧双向格林术。术前经皮血氧饱和度为0.72±0.04,术中肺动脉压为14.1±2.5 mmHg。结果全组无死亡,术中腔肺转流时间34±12 min,术毕经皮血氧饱和度升高至0.89±0.03,术后肺动脉压16.1±3.2 mmHg,胸腔及心包引流液192±68 ml,呼吸机辅助时间12±5 h,ICU监护时间21±13 h,住院时间14±5 d。术后2例出现乳糜胸,无恶性心律失常、血栓形成和脑部并发症发生。结论非体外循环下双向格林术的手术方法安全,并发症少,建立足够大的腔静脉和肺动脉吻合口、围术期的正确处理是提高近、远期疗效的关键所在。     

非体外循环下双向腔肺分流术

目的探讨在非体外循环下行双向腔肺分流术治疗复杂先天性心脏病的手术适应证、外科技巧、术后处理和疗效。方法在非体外循环下行双向格林手术6例。3例建立上腔静脉-右心房临时转流,自上腔静脉入右房处横断上腔静脉,封闭近心端,不阻断肺动脉的情况下应用可吸收线端侧吻合远心端与右肺动脉,前壁用自体心包片加宽。3例利用双上腔互为旁路行双侧双向腔肺分流术。结果全组无手术死亡,无并发症发生。手术时间缩短,不用输血,呼吸机辅助呼吸时间3.5~45h,肺动脉压由术前的(15.20±3.34)mmHg升高到(18.40±4.67)mmHg,末梢动脉血氧饱和度(SO2)由术前0.76±0.06升高到0.92±0.04,胸液量130~640ml。结论对于难以解剖根治或一期生理矫治的肺血少的复杂先天性心脏病,只要把握好手术适应证,注意手术操作,加强术后管理,在非体外循环下行双向腔肺分流术是一种很好的选择。     

非体外循环下右心旁路手术治疗复杂先天性心脏病

目的总结非体外循环下右心旁路手术治疗复杂先天性心脏病的临床经验。方法采用非体外循环右心旁路手术治疗94例复杂先天性心脏病(包括三尖瓣闭锁、单心室等,其中心脏位置异常27例),68例行双向格林术,26例行全腔静脉-肺动脉吻合术,其中3例术中改为体外循环。结果双向格林术围手术期手术死亡2例,全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术后死亡2例,围手术期死亡率(4.3%)。结论右心旁路手术治疗复杂先天性心脏病分期手术效果好,但手术难度增加。全腔静脉-肺动脉吻合术,外管道与右心房开窗效果好。     

非体外循环下分期全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术治疗复杂先天性心脏病

目的 总结非体外循环下分期全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术（TCPC）治疗复杂先天性心脏病的临床经验。方法 29例复杂先天性心脏病患者行非体外循环下分期TCPC,其中单心室伴肺动脉狭窄11例,三尖瓣闭锁、右心室发育不良13例,三尖瓣下移畸形并右心室发育不良2例,完全性房室隔缺损伴右心室双出口、肺动脉狭窄3例。6例患者合并永存左上腔静脉,第一期手术行双侧双向Glenn术。患者双向Glenn术后平均23个月行非体外循环下TCPC。结果 患者术后无早期死亡,均痊愈出院。术后随访5～10年,失访7例,无中远期死亡。所有患者紫绀消失,血氧饱和度89%～97%,心功能Ⅰ级18例、Ⅱ级4例。结论 非体外循环下分期TCPC治疗复杂先天性心脏病效果良好,并发症较少。     

The result of right heart bypass operation for the treatment of complex congenital heart diseases

目的 总结非体外循环下右心旁路手术治疗复杂先天性心脏病的临床经验.方法 采用非体外循环右心旁路手术治疗94例复杂先天性心脏病(包括三尖瓣闭锁、单心室等,其中心脏位置异常27例),68例行双向格林术,26例行全腔静脉-肺动脉吻合术,其中3例术中改为体外循环.结果 双向格林术围手术期手术死亡2例,全腔静脉-肺动脉连接术后死亡2例,围手术期死亡率(4.3％).结论 右心旁路手术治疗复杂先天性心脏病分期手术效果好,但手术难度增加.全腔静脉-肺动脉吻合术,外管道与右心房开窗效果好.     

Glenn 分流术治疗先天性心脏病50 例

目的总结并分析格林(Glenn)分流术治疗先天性心脏病(CHD)的资料,为进一步提高疗效提供基础。方法50例CHD患者,其中采用双向Glenn分流术治疗30例,采用单向Glenn分流术治疗20例。结果术后患者的紫绀均明显减轻,平均末梢血氧饱和度从术前的67.5%提高到术后的89.7%。早期手术死亡4例,死亡率8%。随访2月~2年,随访率为80%,效果满意。结论Glenn分流术对复杂的或难以一期根治的CHD不失为一种很好的选择。     

非体外循环下行双向格林术治疗先天性心脏病22例护理方法探讨

双向格林术即双向上腔静脉肺动脉吻合术,是治疗难以解剖根治或一期生理矫治的肺血减少型复杂先天性心脏病的有效姑息手术,也常用于二期行Fontan类手术的过渡手术。非体外循环下行双向格林手术克服了体外循环对机体的损伤,可获得稳定的血流动力学,减轻了体外循环后肺阻力增加和呼吸机辅助时间延长对上腔静脉回流的影响。我院近年来采用非体外循环下双向格林手术配合术后护理治疗复杂先天性心脏病患儿取得了良好的临床效果,现将结果报道如下。     

双向腔静脉肺动脉吻合术治疗肺血减少型复杂先天性心脏病的经验

目的总结双向腔静脉肺动脉吻合术治疗肺血减少型复杂先天性心脏病的经验。方法选取2012年1-12月期间在我院接受治疗的肺血减少型复杂先天性心脏病患者32例,所有患者均行双向腔静脉肺动脉吻合术进行治疗。其中行体外循环下手术18例、行非体外循环下手术患者14例。单侧手术患者20例、双侧手术患者10例、半房坦手术患者2例。结果32例患者均顺利完成手术,术中无死亡事件发生,共2例患者发生术后并发症,对患者术后行2~48个月随访,随访结果显示患者心功能改善,腔静脉肺动脉吻合口血液流畅。结论双向腔静脉肺动脉吻合术治疗肺血减少型复杂先天性心脏病临床效果显著,可有效改善患者症状。但该项术式治疗需注意适应证及各项手术细节,以保障手术治疗安全性及促进患者术后康复。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.